Efnisyfirlit

• Contents
• Preface
• Preface to the Second Edition
• Preface to the Third Edition
• How to use this book
• Chapter 1 The Anglo-Saxons and Their Language
• 1.1 Who were they?
• 1.2 Where did their language come from?
• 1.3 What was Old English like?
• 1.3.1 The Indo-European languages
• 1.3.2 The Germanic languages
• 1.3.3 West Germanic and Low German
• 1.3.4 Old and Modern English
• 1.4 Old English dialects
• Chapter 2
• 2.1 Quick start
• 2.1.1 Vowels and diphthongs
• 2.1.2 Consonants
• 2.1.3 Sermonette
• 2.2 More about vowels
• 2.2.1 Short a, ae and ea
• 2.2.2 I-mutation
• 2.2.3 Silent e; o for u
• 2.3 More about c and g
• 2.4 Syllable length
• 2.5 Accentuation
• 2.6 On-line pronunciation practice
• 2.7 Summary
• Chapter 3
• 3.1 Parts of speech
• 3.1.1 Nouns
• 3.1.2 Pronouns
• 3.1.3 Verbs
• 3.1.4 Adjectives
• 3.1.5 Adverbs
• 3.1.6 Prepositions
• 3.1.7 Conjunctions
• 3.1.8 Interjections
• 3.2 Phrases
• 3.3 Clauses
• 3.4 Elements of the sentence or clause
• 3.4.1 Subject
• 3.4.2 Verb
• 3.4.3 Object
• 3.4.4 Complement
• 3.4.5 Predicate
• Chapter 4
• 4.1 What is case?
• 4.2 Uses of the cases
• 4.2.1 Nominative
• 4.2.2 Accusative
• 4.2.3 Genitive
• 4.2.4 Dative
• 4.2.5 Instrumental
• Chapter 5
• 5.1 Quick start
• 5.1.1 Personal pronouns
• 5.1.2 Possessive adjectives
• 5.1.3 Demonstrative pronouns
• 5.2 More about personal and demonstrative pronouns
• 5.2.1 The dual number
• 5.2.2 Common spelling variants
• 5.3 Interrogative pronouns
• 5.4 Indefinite pronouns
• 5.5 Relative pronouns
• 5.6 Reflexive pronouns
• 5.7 Reciprocal pronouns
• Chapter 6
• 6.1 Quick start
• 6.1.1 Strong nouns
• 6.1.2 Weak nouns
• 6.1.3 Athematic nouns
• 6.1.4 The noun phrase
• 6.2 More about strong nouns
• 6.2.1 Two-syllable nouns
• 6.2.2 Nouns with changes in the stem syllable
• 6.2.3 Nouns with -w- or -v- before the ending
• 6.3 Minor declensions
• 6.3.1 u-stem nouns
• 6.3.2 Nouns of relationship
• 6.3.3 Nouns with -r- plurals
• 6.3.4 Nouns with -6- endings
• Chapter 7
• 7.1 Quick start
• 7.1.1 Strong and weak verbs
• 7.1.2 Bbon ‘to be’
• 7.1.3 Preterite-present verbs
• 7.2 More about endings
• 7.2.1 Assimilation
• 7.2.2 Plurals ending in -e
• 7.2.3 Subjunctive plural endings
• 7.3 More about weak verbs
• 7.3.1 Classes 1 and 2
• 7.3.2 Class 1 weak verbs that change their vowels
• 7.3.3 Contracted verbs
• 7.3.4 Class 3 weak verbs
• 7.4 More about strong verbs
• 7.4.1 The strong verb classes
• 7.4.2 Verbs affected by grammatical alternation
• 7.4.3 Contracted verbs
• 7.4.4 Tips on strong verbs
• 7.5 Verbs with weak presents and strong pasts
• 7.6 More about preterite-present verbs
• 7.7 Ddn, gan, willan
• 7.8 Negation
• 7.9 The verbals
• 7.9.1 Infinitives
• 7.9.2 Participles
• 7.10 The subjunctive
• Chapter 8
• 8.1 Quick start
• 8.2 Strong adjectives
• 8.3 Weak adjectives
• 8.4 Comparison of adjectives
• 8.5 The adjective in the noun phrase
• Chapter 9
• 9.1 Quick start
• 9.2 Cardinal numbers
• 9.3 Ordinal numbers
• Chapter 10
• 10.1 Quick start
• 10.2 Adverbs
• 10.2.1 Comparison of adverbs
• 10.3 Conjunctions
• 10.4 Correlation
• 10.5 Prepositions
• Chapter 11
• 11.1 Quick start
• 11.2 Subject and verb
• 11.2.1 Impersonal verbs
• 11.3 Pronoun and antecedent
• 11.4 Noun and modifiers
• 11.5 Bad grammar?
• Chapter 12
• 12.1 Quick start
• 12.2 Subject–Verb
• 12.3 Verb-Subject
• 12.4 Subject . . . Verb
• 12.5 Correlation
• 12.6 Anticipation
• 12.7 Periphrastic verbs
• Chapter 13
• 13.1 Alliteration
• 13.2 Rhythm
• 13.2.1 Lifts, half-lifts and drops
• 13.2.2 Rhythmic types
• 13.2.3 Hypermetric verses
• Chapter 14
• 14.1 Vocabulary
• 14.2 Variation
• 14.3 Formulas
• 14.3.1 Phrases
• 14.3.2 Themes
• 14.3.3 Originality and quality
• Chapter 15
• 15.1 Inflections
• 15.1.1 Pronouns
• 15.1.2 Verbs
• 15.1.3 Adjectives
• 15.2 Syntax
• 15.2.1 Omission of subjects and objects
• 15.2.2 Omission of prepositions
• 15.2.3 Adjectives used as nouns
• 15.2.4 Word-order
• 15.2.5 Independent and subordinate clauses
• Chapter 16
• 16.1 Manuscripts
• 16.1.1 Construction of the manuscript
• 16.1.2 The Old English alphabet
• 16.1.3 Abbreviations
• 16.1.4 Punctuation and capitalization
• 16.1.5 Word- and line-division
• 16.1.6 Errors and corrections
• 16.2 Runes
• 16.3 Other inscriptions
• Appendix A Common Spelling Variants
• A.1 Vowels of accented syllables
• A.2 Unaccented syllables
• A.3 Consonants
• Appendix B Phonetic Symbols and Terms
• B.1 International Phonetic Alphabet symbols
• B.2 Phonetic terms
• Appendix C Further Reading
• C.1 General works
• C.2 Grammars
• C.3 Dictionaries and concordances
• C.4 Bibliographies
• C.5 Old English texts and translations
• C.6 Literary criticism; sources and analogues; metre
• C.7 History and culture
• C.8 Manuscripts, art and archaeology
• C.9 On-line aids
• C.10 On-line amusements
• Anthology
• 1 The Fall of Adam and Eve
• 2 The Life of St Athelthryth
• 3 Cynewulf and Cyneheard
• 4 The Martyrdom of Alfheah
• 5 Sermo Lupi ad Anglos
• 6 King Alfred’s Preface to Gregory’s Pastoral Care
• 7 Ohthere and Wulfstan
• 8 The Story of Cadmon
• 9 Boethius on Fame
• 10 A Selection of Riddles
• 11 The Battle of Maldon
• 12 The Wanderer
• 13 The Dream of the Rood
• 14 The Battle of Finnesburh
• 15 Waldere
• 16 Wulf and Eadwacer
• 17 The Wife’s Lament
• 18 The Husband’s Message
• 19 Judith
• Textual Notes
• Index