Efnisyfirlit

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• John Macleod (1915–2006)
• Copyright
• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• How to make the most of this book and associated multimedia
• Clinical examination videos
• Contributors
• Section-01. Principles of Clinical History and Examination
• 1. Managing clinical encounters with patients
• The clinical encounter
• Professional responsibilities
• Personal responsibilities
• 2. General aspects of history taking
• The importance of a clear history
• Gathering information
• Difficult situations
• 3. General aspects of examination
• General principles of physical examination
• Preparing for physical examination
• Sequence for performing a physical examination
• Initial observations
• Hands
• Skin
• Tongue
• Odours
• Body habitus and nutrition
• Lumps and lymph nodes
• Spot diagnoses
• Section-02. System-Based Examination
• 4. The cardiovascular system
• Heart
• The history
• The physical examination (Video 3)
• Interpretation of the findings
• Investigations
• Peripheral arterial system
• The history
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• Peripheral venous system
• The history
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• 5. The respiratory system
• Anatomy and physiology
• The history
• The physical examination
• Interpretation of the findings
• Investigations
• 6. The gastrointestinal system
• Anatomy and physiology
• The history
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• 7. The nervous system
• Anatomy and physiology
• The history
• The physical examination
• Cranial nerves
• Motor system (Videos 12 and 13Video 12Video 13)
• Sensory system
• Peripheral nerves (Video 16)
• Interpretation of the findings
• Investigations
• 8. The visual system
• Anatomy and physiology
• Patient history
• The physical examination (Video 17)
• Investigations
• Ophthalmic examination and COVID-19
• 9. The ear, nose and throat
• Ear
• The history
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• Nose and Sinuses
• Mouth, throat and neck
• The history
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• 10. The endocrine system
• The thyroid
• The history
• The physical examination
• The parathyroids
• The history
• The physical examination
• The pituitary
• The history
• The physical examination
• The adrenals
• The history
• The physical examination
• The gonads
• Diabetes
• The history
• The physical examination
• 11. The reproductive system
• Breast
• The history
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• Female reproductive system
• The history
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• Obstetric history and examination: the booking visit
• The history
• Investigations
• Routine antenatal check in later pregnancy
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• Male reproductive system
• The history
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• 12. The renal system
• Anatomy and physiology
• The history
• The physical examination
• Interpretation of the findings
• Investigations
• 13. The musculoskeletal system
• The history
• The physical examination
• Detailed examination of the musculoskeletal system
• Fractures, dislocations and trauma
• Investigations
• 14. The skin, hair and nails
• Anatomy and physiology
• The history
• The physical examination
• Investigations
• Section-03. Applying History and Examination Skills in Specific Situations
• 15. Babies and Children
• Babies
• The history
• The physical examination of newborns
• The physical examination of infants beyond the newborn period
• Older children
• The history
• The physical examination
• Child protection
• Remote consultation in paediatric practice
• 16. Patients with mental illness and learning disability
• The history
• The mental state examination
• The physical examination
• Collateral history
• Psychiatric rating scales
• Putting it all together: clinical vignettes
• 17. The frail patient
• The frail patient
• Assessment of the frail patient
• The history
• The physical examination
• Interpretation of the findings
• 18. The deteriorating patient
• Vital signs
• Early warning scores
• Initial assessment
• The ABCDE approach
• Point of care ultrasound
• Sepsis
• Ongoing management
• 19. The dying patient
• Assessing a dying patient
• Verifying and certifying death
• Looking after yourself and others
• Section-04. Putting History and Examination Skills to Use
• 20. Reaching and communicating a diagnosis
• Reaching a diagnosis
• Biopsychosocial model
• Approach to the patient with medically unexplained symptoms
• Communicating a diagnosis
• Shared decision-making
• Diagnostic and therapeutic uncertainty
• Documenting your findings
• Communicating with colleagues
• 21. Adapting skills for practice
• Adapting to different presentations
• Adapting to different working environments
• Adapting clinical skills over a career
• 22. Preparing for assessment
• General principles
• Methods of assessment
• Marking structures
• Approach to preparation
• Approach to assessment
• Putting it all together
• Index