Efnisyfirlit

• Preface
• New to This Edition
• Acknowledgments
• Chapter 1 The Changing American Family
• The Standard North American Family
• Focus on My Family: The Howe Family
• Family Structures Versus Family Processes
• Self-Assessment: Rating My Family’s Strengths
• Diverse Family Structures and Processes
• Regulating Family Structures and Processes Around the World
• Cultural Relativism Versus Human Rights
• Native American and European Families
• Native Americans in Modern Times
• Brain Food: Childhood in the Colonies
• American Family Life After the Industrial Revolution
• Many American Histories
• African American Families in Modern Times
• How Would You Measure That?: Infant Co-sleeping (Lerner et al., 2020)
• Mexican American Experiences
• Puerto Rican American Experiences
• Cuban American Experiences
• Latinos in Modern Times
• Chinese American Experiences
• Japanese American Experiences
• Asian Americans in Modern Times
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 2 How We Study the Family
• Theories Influenced by Communist Ideologies
• Communism
• Structural-Functionalism
• Family Systems Theory
• Conflict Theory
• Social Exchange Theory
• Theories Influenced by Scientific Advances
• Social Constructionism
• Feminist Theory
• Attachment Theory
• Bioecological Theory
• The Person
• Processes and Contexts
• Focus on My Family: Jan’s Story
• Experimental Research Methods
• Hypothesis Testing
• Operational Definitions
• Experimental Procedures
• Variables
• Experimental Design
• Choosing a Research Time Frame
• How Would You Measure That?: Children’s Adjustment in Relation to Their Exposure to Family Conflict (Sturge-Apple et al., 2006)
• Examining Results
• Correlational Research Methods
• Correlations Versus Causal Inferences
• Brain Food: Spurious Correlations
• Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods
• Etic and Emic Approaches
• Demand Characteristics
• Demographic Variables in Research Methods
• Race and Ethnicity
• Sex, Gender, and Sexual Orientation
• Social Class
• Building Your Strengths: Improving Critical Thinking
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 3 Sex and Gender
• What’s the Difference Between Sex, Gender, and Sexual Orientation?
• Two Genders or More?
• Intersexuality
• The Complexity of Gender Identity and Gender Roles
• Gender and Sexual Orientation
• Can Sexual Orientation Change?
• Complex Family Issues Related to Sexual Orientation
• Heteronormativity
• The Importance of Gender for Living in Families
• Gender Discrimination and Sexism
• Sexism
• Men and Masculinity
• Intersectional Identities
• Gender Similarity Hypothesis
• Gender Stereotypes
• Stereotype Threat
• How Would You Measure That?: The Effects of Stereotype Threat on Boys’ Reading Performance (Pansu, et al., 2016)
• Theories and Research on Gender Role Development
• Gender Schema Theory
• Social Cognitive Theory
• Self-Assessment: Bem’s (1974, 1977) Psychosexual Androgyny Scale
• Evolution and Adult Gendered Behavior
• Genetic and Biological Influences on Gender: Prenatal to Puberty
• Prenatal Sexual Differentiation
• Genes Versus Brains
• Contextual Influences on Prenatal and Infant Development
• Puberty and Gender
• Brain Food: Gender Differences Found in Research
• Diversity in Adult Gender Roles
• The Diverse Lives of Adult Men
• Men of Color
• Contemporary Trends for Modern Men
• Focus on My Family: Dave and Janet’s Story
• The Diverse Lives of Adult Women
• Women of Color
• Macrosystem Influences on Women and Their Families
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 4 Sexualities
• Macrosystem and Chronosystem Influences on Sexuality
• The Industrial Revolution
• Social Darwinism
• The 20th Century
• The Sexual Double Standard
• Trends in Sexual Behavior and Attitudes About Sex
• Cultural Regulation of Sexuality
• Focus on My Family: Melinda’s Story
• Recent U.S. Trends in Sexual Behavior
• Cultural Variations in Sexual Behavior
• The Bioecological Perspective
• How Our Sex Organs Work
• Women’s Sexual Organs
• Hormones
• Women’s Sexual Response
• Female Orgasms
• Women’s Sexual Problems
• Building Your Strengths: Improving Sexual Satisfaction
• Men’s Sex Organs
• Men’s Sexual Response
• Men’s Sexual Problems
• Sexualities in More Depth
• Sexual Orientation
• Biological Research on Homosexuality
• Genes
• Chromosomes
• Social and Contextual Issues and Homosexuality
• Contemporary Issues in Sexuality
• Female Genital Mutilation
• AIDS and Safer Sex
• Issues in Youth Sexuality
• Abstinence Education, Virginity Pledges, and Family Relationships
• Sexual Diversity Versus Disorders
• Sex Therapy
• Physiological Aspects of Sex Therapy
• Sexual Abuse and Sexualized Violence
• How Would You Measure That?: Preventing Sexual Violence (Banyard et al., 2007)
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 5 Dating and Mate Selection
• Changing Trends in Courtship, Dating, Hooking Up, and Mate Selection
• Historical Trends in Dating and Mate Selection
• Contemporary Trends
• General Processes Leading From Dating to Mate Selection
• Attachment Processes
• A Bioecological Examination of Dating and Mate Selection
• Biological Factors
• Evolutionary Perspectives
• Neurobiological Research
• Phases of Chemical Attraction
• Attachment and Physiological Reactivity
• How Would You Measure That?: Cortisol and Risk Taking (Halpern et al., 2002)
• Person, Process, and Context Factors
• The Macrosystem: Cultural Factors
• Theories of Dating and Mate Selection
• Structural-Functionalism and Dating
• Conflict Theory
• Filter Theory
• More on Filter and Market Value Approaches to Mate Selection
• Diversity in Dating and Mate Selection
• Crossing Ethnic Lines
• Focus on My Family: Adrian and Shanice’s Story
• LGBT Communities and Dating
• Adolescents and Dating
• Seniors and Dating
• Contemporary Trends Around the World
• Global Dating Trends
• Building Your Strengths: Improving Your First Impression on a Date
• Dating With Technology
• Dating Violence
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 6 Love
• What Is Love?
• Passionate/Romantic Love Versus Companionate Love
• Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love
• Lee’s Styles of Love
• Aron and Aron’s Self-Expansion Theory of Love
• Focus on My Family: The Story of Louise’s Two Loves
• Is Love Universal?
• Some Historical Trends
• Gender Issues
• How Men and Women Express Love
• Androgynous Love
• Self-Assessment: Love Attitudes—Short Form
• Modern Ideas
• Polyamory
• Biological Aspects of Love
• The Brain and Relationships
• Neurochemistry and the Development of Love
• Kissing
• Relationship Development
• How Would You Measure That?: Serotonin in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Love (MARAZZITI et al., 1999)
• The Social Contexts of Love
• Baby Love
• Adult Attachment
• Macrosystem Forces
• Professional Help for Enhancing Love
• Brain Food: Some Tips for Constructive Conflict
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 7 Marriages and Committed Partnerships
• Historical and Contemporary Trends in Marriage
• Marriages Before Industrialization
• Marriage in the 19th Century
• Contemporary Marriage Trends
• The Deinstitutionalization of Marriage
• Specific Forms of Deinstitutionalization
• Focus on My Family: Todd, Michael, and Joel
• Examining the Modern Institution of Marriage
• Health Benefits of Happy Marriages
• Gender Differences in the Health Benefits of Marriage
• How Would You Measure That?: Newlyweds’ Hormones and Marriage Quality (Kiecolt-Glaser et al., 2003)
• Processes Underlying the Marriage–Health Link
• Cohabitation, Covenant, and Arranged Marriages
• Cohabitation and Common Law Marriage
• A Case Example of Cohabitation in Sweden
• Covenant Marriages
• Arranged Marriages
• Same-Sex Marriages
• Key Historical Turning Points in Same-Sex Marriage
• Domestic Partnerships
• Brain Food: The First U.S. Domestic Partnership Statute
• Contemporary Views of Same-Sex Marriage
• Specific Arguments for and Against Same-Sex Marriage
• Interracial and Intercultural Marriages
• Social Dominance Beliefs and Interracial Marriage
• Demographic Variables and Interracial Marriage
• Intercultural Marriages
• Immigrant Marriages
• Marital Problems and Building Healthy Relationships
• Infidelity
• Financial Infidelity
• Unresolved Conflict
• Problems in Relationship Perceptions
• Building Your Strengths: Reducing Criticism
• Premarital Counseling
• Positive Interactions
• Dyadic Coping
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 8 Living Single
• The Normative Life Cycle Model: Effects on Singles
• The Struggles for Identity and Intimacy
• Emerging Adulthood
• Types of Emerging Adults
• Unique Challenges Facing Singles
• Singlism
• Brain Food: Singlehood Stigma Scale
• Coping With Singlism
• Singles Pride
• Macrosystem Forces Against Singlehood
• An Example From Mormon Culture
• Examples From Africa
• Women’s Rights in African Nations
• Examples From the United States
• How Would You Measure That?: Discrimination Against Singles (Morris, Sinclair, & DePaulo, 2007)
• Fighting for Singles’ Rights in the United States
• The Diverse Lives of Single People
• Non-normative Singles
• Living Apart Together
• Diverse Reasons for Singlehood
• Focus on My Family: Leslie and Scirocco
• Single Through Commitment to God
• Priests, Monks, and Nuns: A Historical Family Necessity
• Contemporary Faith-Based Single Lifestyles
• An Example From Thai Buddhist Maechii
• The Psychological and Physical Health of Single People
• Singles Strain
• Emotional Attachments
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 9 Reproduction and Parenting
• Historical and Cultural Trends in Parenting
• Brain Food: Some Methods of Contraception
• The Work of Leta Hollingworth
• Historical Beliefs and Practices Surrounding Childbirth
• Historical Views of Children and Childhood
• Historical Views of Motherhood and Fatherhood
• Diverse Families in History
• Modern Ideas for Ensuring Child Well-Being in Families
• Reproduction and Other Ways to Have Children
• Egg and Sperm
• The Egg and the Prenatal Environment
• Sperm and the Role of the Father
• The Role of Genes After Fertilization
• Prenatal Development
• How Would You Measure That?: Hormonal Changes in Men During Pregnancy (Storey et al., 2000)
• Giving Birth
• Natural Birth
• Cesarean Section Birth
• Choosing a Birth Method
• Infertility
• Artificial Insemination
• In Vitro Fertilization
• Reproductive Surrogacy
• Adoption
• Private Adoption
• Public Adoption
• International Adoption
• Unique Challenges of Adoptive Parenting
• The Transition to Parenting: Roles and Responsibilities
• Mitigating the Stress of Parenthood
• Postpartum Mental Health
• Infant Brains and the Environment
• Stress and the Developing Brain
• Secure Environments and the Developing Brain
• Overstimulation of the Developing Brain
• Parenting Styles
• Socioeconomic Influences on Parenting Styles
• Self-Assessment: Parenting Quality in Family of Origin
• The Many Faces of Parenthood
• Fathering
• Fathering With Fewer Resources
• Single Parents
• African American Parents
• Transnational and Latino Parents
• Native American Parents
• Asian American Parents
• LGBT Parents
• Focus on My Family: Susan and Karen Adopt Internationally
• Grandparents as Parents
• Children as Primary Caregivers
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 10 The Economy of Working Families
• Contemporary and Historic Trends in Family Economies
• Contemporary Issues
• Historical Patterns in Work and Income
• Working Women
• How Would You Measure That?: Young Women’s Desires to Enter Male-Dominated Professions (Frome, Alfeld, Eccles, & Barber, 2008)
• Working Women in Families
• Women and Career Advancement
• Sexism
• Challenges for Working Women of Color
• Tokenism
• Wage Penalties for Women
• Diverse Experiences in Work and Family Life
• Focus on My Family: Leah and Kamara
• LGBT Issues and Work
• African American Experiences With Work and Family
• Diversity in Social Policies Around the World
• Balancing Work and Family
• Family-Friendly Policies
• Childcare Issues
• The Impact of Performing Multiple Roles
• Policies That Benefit Families
• Effects of Family-Friendly Policies
• Work Stress
• Self-Assessment: The Energy Project Audit
• The Role of Personality in Work Stress
• Economic Downturns and Unemployment
• Poverty and Wealth: Living on the Economic Extremes
• Living in Poverty
• The Consequences of Poverty
• Effective Poverty Reduction Strategies
• Brain Food: What Happens When People Receive a Standard Basic Income?
• Living in Affluence
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 11 Families in Crisis
• A Bioecological Framework for Understanding the Pervasiveness of Violence
• Elder Abuse and Neglect
• Brain Food: What to Do if You Think Someone Is Being Battered
• Forms of Elder Abuse
• Neglect
• Self-Neglect
• Physical Abuse
• Psychological/Emotional Abuse
• Sexual Abuse
• Financial/Material Abuse/Exploitation
• Diversity in Elder Abuse
• Animal Abuse
• Risk Factors for Animal Abuse
• Childhood Cruelty to Animals
• Intimate Partner Violence
• Historical Trends in Intimate Partner Violence
• The Importance of Terminology
• Marital Rape
• The Gender Symmetry Controversy
• Focus on My Family: Paula’s Story
• The World Health Organization Study
• Research on Western Couples
• IPV in Young People
• LGBT IPV
• Ethnicity and IPV
• The Dynamics of IPV
• Cycle of Violence
• Power and Control
• Why Is It So Hard to Leave a Batterer?
• Biological Processes Resulting From IPV
• Risk and Protective Factors Related to Victimization
• Victims or Survivors?
• Feminism and IPV
• Batterers
• Types of Batterers
• Dysphoric/Borderline Batterers
• Antisocial/Violent Batterers
• Family Only Batterers
• Attachment Issues
• Treatment Issues
• Duluth Model
• An Innovative Treatment Model for Latino Immigrants
• Building Your Strengths: Positive Coping Skills Assessment
• Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence
• Child Maltreatment
• Cultural Issues in Maltreatment
• Types of Child Maltreatment
• Physical Abuse
• Abusive Head Trauma
• Neglect
• How Would You Measure That?: The Romanian Orphans Study (Nelson et al., 2009)
• Sexual Abuse
• Psychological/Emotional Abuse
• Intervention and Prevention
• Legal Issues
• The Need for Evidence-Based Practice
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 12 Divorce and Remarriage
• Trends in Divorce and Remarriage Over Time
• Historical Trends in Divorce
• Historical Trends in the United States
• Contemporary Trends
• How Would You Measure That?: Divorce Rates and Gender Equality (Yodanis, 2005)
• Contemporary Legal Trends
• Comparing Trends in Other Countries and the United States
• The Effects of Divorce
• Effects of Divorce on Women
• Psychological Issues for Women and Children
• Biological Aspects of Women’s Response to Divorce
• The Effects of Abuse on Divorce Outcomes
• Effects of Divorce on Men
• Financial Issues
• Psychological Processes Fathers Can Experience
• Effects of Divorce on Children
• Should Parents Stay Together for the Kids?
• Positive Outcomes of Divorce
• Brain Food: The Children’s Bill of Rights in Divorce
• The Complexities of Divorce
• The Process of Divorce
• Some Psychological Processes Related to Divorce
• Focus on My Family: Loretta’s Story
• The Stations of Divorce
• Reducing the Negative Impact of Divorce
• Coparenting
• Couples Coping Enhancement Training
• Remarriage
• Variables Influencing Remarriage Rates
• Special Challenges in Stepfamilies
• Legal and Financial Issues
• Challenges for Stepmothers Versus Stepfathers
• Different Viewpoints on Stepfamilies
• Healthy Ways to Remarry and Stepparent
• Building Your Strengths: Positive Stepparenting
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 13 Growing Older in Families
• Historical and Cultural Beliefs About Aging
• Historical Trends
• Contemporary Trends Around the World
• Diverse Experiences With Aging
• Some African American Experiences
• Some Hispanic/Latinx Experiences
• Focus on My Family: Fernando and Rebecca
• Some LGBT Experiences
• Multidimensional Changes With Age
• Physical Development
• Sexual Development
• Older Women’s Sexuality
• Older Men’s Sexuality
• Cognitive Development
• How Would You Measure That?: Intervention for Family Caregivers of Stroke Patients (Shyu et al., 2008)
• Psychological Control
• Socioemotional Development
• Well-Being After Retirement
• Depression and Suicide
• Life Satisfaction Among Women
• Self-Assessment: Quality of Life Assessment
• Widowhood
• Intergenerational Family Relationships
• Marriages and Committed Partnerships in Later Life
• Relationships With Adult Children
• Adult Children as Caregivers for Elders
• Family Routines and Rituals
• Grandparenting
• Types of Grandparents
• Brain Food: Grandparents’ Visitation Rights
• Complexities of Modern Grandparenting
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Chapter 14 The Evolution of Families in the 21st Century
• Five Key Ideas for Understanding Marriages and Families
• The Bioecological Model
• Family Structure Versus Process
• Focus on My Family: Refia’s Story
• A Strengths-Based Approach
• Intersectional Identities
• Diversity as Normative
• General Trends in Multiculturalism
• Ethnic Changes in the United States
• Views in Favor of Multiculturalism
• Views Against Multiculturalism
• Using a Strengths-Based Approach in a Multicultural World
• How Gender Equality and LGBT Rights Impact Global Well-Being
• Women’s Rights
• Women in the Arab World
• LGBT Rights
• Globalization
• Acculturation Stress
• Trauma From Global Violence
• How Would You Measure That?: Moral Reasoning in Bosnian Children After the War (Garrod et al., 2003)
• The Crisis in Syria
• The Responsibilities of Developed Nations
• An In-Depth Look at Immigration
• Transnational Families
• LGBT Immigrants
• Undocumented Immigrants
• Undocumented Children and Education
• Chapter Summary
• Key Terms
• Glossary
• References
• Index
• About the Author