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• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• Contents
• Primary Source Readings
• Preface to the Fourth Edition
• Acknowledgments
• Maps
• Introduction
• 1 The Origins
• The Koreans
• Early Inhabitants
• The Age of Rice Farming Begins
• Sources for Early Korea
• Chosŏn
• The Chinese Commanderies
• Chinese Commanderies and Their Neighbors: The Northern Peoples
• Chinese Commanderies and Their Neighbors: The Southern Peoples
• Politics of the Third Century
• Korea in Global Perspective: 5,000 Years of History
• 2 The Period of the Three Kingdoms, Fourth Century to 676
• The Emergence of the Three Kingdoms
• The Wa and Mimana
• Korea and Northeast Asia in the Fourth and Fifth Centuries
• Culture and Society of the Three Kingdoms
• The Bone-Ranks, the Hwabaek, and the Hwarang
• The Changing Environment of the Late Sixth and Seventh Centuries
• The Unification of Korea under Silla
• Korea in Global Perspective: State Formation
• 3 Late Silla, 676 to 935
• The Peninsular Kingdom
• Consolidation of Central Monarchical Rule under Silla, 676–780
• Silla and the Chinese Model
• Supporting the Silla State
• Silla Society
• Religion and Aristocratic Culture
• Silla and Its Neighbors
• Parhae
• The Decline of Silla
• The Later Three Kingdoms
• Korea in Global Perspective: Silla’s Rise and Fall
• 4 Koryŏ, 935 to 1170
• The New Koryŏ State
• Koryŏ in East Asia
• Internal Politics, 935–1170
• Koryŏ Culture
• The Samguk Sagi
• Koryŏ Society
• Korea in Global Perspective: Koryŏ’s Examination System
• 5 Military Rulers and Mongol Invaders, 1170 to 1392
• Military Rule
• Sŏn Buddhism
• Korea, Japan, and Feudal Europe
• The Mongol Invasions
• The Legacy of the Mongol Period
• Late Koryŏ Society
• The End of Koryŏ
• Late Koryŏ Culture
• The Rise of Neo-Confucianism
• Korea in Global Perspective: The Mongols and Korea
• 6 The Neo-Confucian Revolution and the Chosŏn State, 1392 to the Eighteenth Century
• Establishing the Yi Dynasty
• The Neo-Confucianist Project
• The Chosŏn State
• The Censorate and the Classics Mat
• Historians
• The Examination System
• Education
• Agricultural Improvements and the State
• Military and Foreign Affairs
• The Japanese and Manchu Invasions
• Competition for Power among the Elite
• Chosŏn in Historical Perspective
• Korea in Global Perspective: Chosŏn as an Ideologically Driven State
• 7 Chosŏn Society
• The Family
• Women during the Yi Dynasty
• Social Structure
• Slaves and Outcastes
• Crime and Punishment
• Religious Beliefs and Practices
• Philosophy
• Arts, Literature, and Science
• Technology and Inventions
• Korea in Global Perspective: Women in Korea
• Korea in Global Perspective: Chosŏn’s Social Hierarchy
• 8 Late Chosŏn, Early Eighteenth Century to 1876
• The Politics of Late Chosŏn
• Late Chosŏn and the Confucian World Order
• Korean Travelers to China and Japan
• Taxation and Reform
• Agriculture
• Commerce and Trade
• Cultural Flowering of Late Chosŏn
• Sirhak
• Everyday Life
• Korea in the Nineteenth Century: The “Hermit Kingdom”
• Internal Problems in the Nineteenth Century
• Korea in Global Perspective: The Hermit Kingdom?
• 9 Korea in the Age of Imperialism, 1876 to 1910
• Early Contacts with the West
• The Opening of Korea
• Early Reforms, 1876–1884
• The Chinese Decade, 1885–1894
• The Tonghak Rebellion
• Kabo Reforms
• The Russian Ascendancy and the Independence Club
• The Russo-Japanese War and the Protectorate
• The Protectorate, 1905–1910
• Korea in Transition
• Korea in Global Perspective: Korea in the Age of Imperialism
• 10 Colonial Korea, 1910 to 1945
• The March First Movement
• The Post–March First Period
• Cultural Ferment of the 1920s
• Moderate and Radical Nationalism
• Economic Development
• Modernity and Social Change
• Rural Society
• Wartime Colonialism, 1931–1945
• Forced Assimilation
• A Society in Turmoil: The Legacy of Colonial Rule
• Korea in Global Perspective: The Korean Nationalist Movement
• Korea in Global Perspective: Korea’s Colonial Experience
• 11 Division and War, 1945 to 1953
• The End of Colonial Rule in Korea
• North Korea under Soviet Occupation
• South Korea under U.S. Occupation
• Trusteeship
• Establishing a Separate Regime in the North
• The Beginnings of a New Regime in the South
• Toward Division
• The Republic of Korea
• The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
• On the Eve of the Korean War
• The Korean War
• The Impact of the Korean War
• Korea in Global Perspective: Divided Countries
• Korea in Global Perspective: The Korean War
• 12 North Korea: Recovery, Transformation, and Decline, 1953 to 1993
• The Divergent Paths of the Two Koreas
• North Korea’s Recovery
• North Korea’s Great Leap Forward
• The Political Consolidation of Kim Il Sung and His Manchurian Guerrilla Comrades
• Creating a Monolithic State
• The Cult of the Kim Family
• Kim Il Sung’s Juche Society
• Everyday Life
• Foreign Policy
• Economic Problems
• Korea in Global Perspective: North Korea as a Communist Country
• 13 South Korea: From Poverty to Prosperity, 1953 to 1997
• The Syngman Rhee Years, 1953–1960
• The Democratic Experiment, 1960–1961
• The Military Coup
• Economic Transformation
• Economic Growth under Park Chung Hee
• Chaebŏls
• Transformation of the Countryside
• The Greening of South Korea
• Economic Development in the 1980s
• Explaining South Korea’s Economic Miracle
• Education
• Korea in Global Perspective: Educational Development
• Korea in Global Perspective: Economic Development
• 14 South Korea: Creating a Democratic Society, 1953 to 1997
• Military Authoritarianism
• The Yushin Era, 1971–1979
• Seoul Spring, 1979–1980
• The Fifth Republic
• 1987: A Political Turning Point
• Transition to Democracy
• Understanding the Democratic Turn
• Student Activism
• Organized Labor
• Social and Cultural Transition
• Korea in Global Perspective: Democratization
• 15 Contemporary North Korea, 1993 to 2019
• In Decline: A Period of Crisis
• Under Kim Jong Il
• Ideology
• Famine
• Crisis and Summitry
• Tentative Reforms
• Confrontations and the Policy of Survival
• North Korea under Kim Jong Un
• Reviving the Past, Moving toward an Uncertain Future
• North Korean Refugees
• The Pandemic and a Shifting International Situation
• North Korea and the Prospects for Unification
• Korea in Global Perspective: North Korea’s Famine
• Korea in Global Perspective: North Korea as a Failed State
• 16 Contemporary South Korea, 1997 to 2023
• Return to Civilian Government
• Economic Crisis and Recovery
• Domestic Politics
• Foreign Policy
• Rethinking Reunification
• A Society Undergoing Rapid Change
• Changing Gender Relations, Changing Families
• Ethnic Homogeneity and Multiculturalism
• Facing History and Preserving Heritage
• New Crises and New Problems
• Making Sense of the Korean Experience
• Globalization of Korean Culture
• Korea in Global Perspective: South Korea’s Place in the World
• Conclusion
• Appendix: Romanization
• Glossary of Korean Words
• Annotated Selected Bibliography
• About the Author