Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title
• Copyright
• Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• Part 1 Foundations of exercise physiology
• 1 Introduction
• 1.1 Learning objectives
• 1.2 A historical perspective: the context of contemporary exercise physiology
• 1.2.1 The early physiologists
• 2 Nutrition for health and sports performance
• 2.1 Learning objectives
• 2.2 Introduction to nutrition
• 2.3 Essential elements of chemistry
• 2.3.1 Atomic structure
• 2.3.2 Chemical bonding
• 2.3.3 Chemical reactions
• 2.3.4 Forms and sources of energy
• 2.4 Macronutrients
• 2.4.1 Carbohydrates
• 2.4.2 Monosaccharides
• 2.4.3 Disaccharides
• 2.4.4 Polysaccharides
• 2.4.5 Foods containing carbohydrate
• 2.4.6 Glycaemic index
• 2.4.7 Fats
• 2.4.8 Fatty acids, glycerol, and triglycerides
• 2.4.9 Sterols
• 2.4.10 Phospholipids and glycolipids
• 2.4.11 Lipoproteins
• 2.4.12 Proteins
• 2.4.13 Amino acids
• 2.4.14 Protein metabolism
• 2.5 Micronutrients
• 2.5.1 Vitamins
• 2.5.2 Vitamins as enzymes
• 2.5.3 Vitamins as antioxidants
• 2.5.4 Minerals
• 2.6 Water
• 2.7 Digestion
• 2.7.1 The digestive system and accessory digestive organs
• 2.7.2 The digestion of food
• 2.8 Components of a healthy, balanced diet
• 2.9 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 2.10 Review questions
• 2.11 Coach it!
• 3 From cells to systems
• 3.1 Learning objectives
• 3.2 The cellular basis for life
• 3.2.1 Cellular components
• 3.3 Homeostasis
• 3.4 Tissues
• 3.4.1 Epithelial tissue
• 3.4.2 Connective tissue
• 3.5 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 3.6 Review questions
• 3.7 Coach it!
• 4 The control systems: The nervous and endocrine systems
• 4.1 Learning objectives
• 4.2 Nervous system
• 4.2.1 Divisions of the nervous system
• 4.2.2 Nervous tissue
• 4.2.3 Nerves
• 4.2.4 Nerve impulse conduction
• 4.2.5 Central nervous system
• 4.2.6 Peripheral nervous system
• 4.3 Endocrine system
• 4.3.1 Endocrine organs
• 4.3.2 Function of hormones
• 4.4 Acute responses to exercise
• 4.5 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 4.6 Review questions
• 4.7 Coach it!
• 5 The movement systems: Skeletal and muscular
• 5.1 Learning objectives
• 5.2 Skeletal system
• 5.2.1 The skeleton
• 5.2.2 Bone physiology
• 5.2.3 Bone growth
• 5.2.4 Cartilage
• 5.2.5 Joints
• 5.3 Muscular system
• 5.3.1 Muscle tissue types and functions
• 5.3.2 Skeletal muscle anatomy
• 5.3.3 Muscular contraction
• 5.4 Muscles and movement
• 5.5 Major skeletal muscles in the body
• 5.5.1 Leg muscles
• 5.5.2 Arm and shoulder muscles
• 5.5.3 Core stability
• 5.5.4 Fascicle arrangement
• 5.6 Acute responses to exercise
• 5.7 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 5.8 The skeletal system
• 5.9 Muscular system
• 5.10 Review questions
• 5.11 Coach it!
• 6 The transport systems: The respiratory and cardiovascular systems
• 6.1 Learning objectives
• 6.2 Respiratory system
• 6.2.1 Respiration
• 6.2.2 Anatomy of the respiratory system
• 6.2.3 Mechanics of pulmonary ventilation
• 6.2.4 Control of pulmonary ventilation
• 6.2.5 Pulmonary gas exchange
• 6.2.6 Measurement of pulmonary ventilation
• 6.3 Cardiovascular system
• 6.3.1 Blood
• 6.3.2 Blood components
• 6.3.3 The heart
• 6.3.4 Vascular system
• 6.3.5 Structure of blood vessels
• 6.4 Acute responses to exercise
• 6.4.1 Respiratory system
• 6.4.2 Cardiovascular system
• 6.5 Check your recall: fill in the missing words – respiratory system
• 6.6 Cardiovascular system
• 6.6.1 Blood
• 6.6.2 Heart
• 6.6.3 Vascular system
• 6.7 Acute responses to exercise
• 6.8 Review questions
• 6.9 Coach it!
• Part 2 Essential exercise physiology
• 7 General concepts for exercise physiology
• 7.1 Learning objectives
• 7.2 Energy generation for exercise: an overview – the metabolic pathways and their interaction
• 7.2.1 Adenosine triphosphate as an energy source
• 7.2.2 Metabolic pathways
• 7.2.3 Anaerobic system pathways
• 7.2.4 Glycolysis
• 7.2.5 Aerobic system pathways
• 7.2.6 Energy system predominance and interaction
• 7.2.7 Bioenergetics
• 7.2.8 Enzymology
• 7.3 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 7.4 Review questions
• 7.5 Coach it!
• 8 Power and power endurance: The explosive sports
• 8.1 Learning objectives
• 8.2 Energy supply for explosive sports
• 8.2.1 Bond energy
• 8.2.2 Adenosine triphosphate
• 8.2.3 The energy-generating pathways for explosive sports
• 8.3 The physiology of power and power endurance sports
• 8.4 Power and power endurance components of fitness
• 8.5 Tests of anaerobic power and endurance
• 8.5.1 Field tests: vertical jump
• 8.5.2 Standing broad jump test
• 8.5.3 Upper-body power tests
• 8.5.4 Sprint and acceleration tests
• 8.5.5 Laboratory tests
• 8.5.6 Jump tests
• 8.5.7 Margaria–Kalamen power test
• 8.5.8 Cycle ergometer tests
• 8.6 Tests of strength and speed
• 8.6.1 Free weights
• 8.6.2 Fixed weights
• 8.6.3 Dynamometry
• 8.7 Strength training for power and power endurance sports
• 8.7.1 Strength training exercises
• 8.7.2 Programme order
• 8.8 Conditioning training for power and power endurance sports
• 8.9 Fatigue in power and power endurance sports
• 8.10 Physiological adaptations to power training
• 8.11 Ergogenic aids for power endurance performance
• 8.11.1 Androgenic anabolic steroids
• 8.11.2 The structure and function of anabolic steroids
• 8.11.3 The effectiveness of anabolic steroids
• 8.11.4 The placebo effect and steroid use
• 8.11.5 Risks of steroid use
• 8.11.6 Clenbuterol – an illegal ergogenic aid
• 8.11.7 Creatine monohydrate
• 8.11.8 Creatine monohydrate – the ergogenic effect
• 8.11.9 Creatine monohydrate and performance
• 8.11.10 Dosing strategies
• 8.11.11 The moral dilemma
• 8.12 Aspects of health for power and power endurance sports
• 8.12.1 Delayed onset of muscle soreness
• 8.12.2 Exercise associated with DOMS
• 8.12.3 Mechanisms of DOMS
• 8.12.4 DOMS and performance
• 8.12.5 Muscular cramps
• 8.13 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 8.14 Review questions
• 8.15 Coach it!
• 9 Anaerobic endurance: The speed endurance sports
• 9.1 Learning objectives
• 9.2 Energy supply for speed endurance events
• 9.2.1 Glycolysis
• 9.2.2 Glycogenolysis
• 9.2.3 The glycolytic pathway
• 9.2.4 Control of the rate of glycolysis
• 9.2.5 Lactate
• 9.2.6 The fate of lactate
• 9.2.7 Gluconeogenesis
• 9.3 The physiology of anaerobic endurance sports
• 9.3.1 Components of fitness related to anaerobic endurance
• 9.3.2 Tests of anaerobic endurance
• 9.3.3 Muscular endurance tests
• 9.3.4 Conditioning for anaerobic endurance sports
• 9.3.5 Fatigue in anaerobic endurance sports
• 9.3.6 Physiological adaptations to anaerobic endurance training
• 9.3.7 Ergogenic aids for anaerobic endurance sports
• 9.4 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 9.5 Review questions
• 9.6 Coach it!
• 10 High-intensity aerobic endurance sports
• 10.1 Learning objectives
• 10.2 Aerobic endurance sports and the importance of the aerobic–anaerobic transition (AAT)
• 10.2.1 Aerobic endurance
• 10.2.2 Aerobic–anaerobic transition
• 10.3 The physiology of high-intensity aerobic endurance sports
• 10.3.1 Steady-state exercise
• 10.3.2 Cardiovascular drift
• 10.3.3 Exercise economy
• 10.3.4 Oxygen deficit and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC)
• 10.3.5 Conditioning for aerobic endurance sports
• 10.3.6 Training intensity
• 10.3.7 Anaerobic threshold/pace-tempo training
• 10.3.8 Fatigue in high-intensity aerobic endurance sports
• 10.3.9 Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training
• 10.4 Ergogenic aids for high-intensity aerobic endurance sports
• 10.4.1 Carbohydrate loading
• 10.4.2 Caffeine as an ergogenic aid
• 10.5 Health and high-intensity aerobic endurance sports
• 10.5.1 Stitch
• 10.5.2 Asthma and exercise
• 10.5.3 The female athlete triad
• 10.5.4 Physical activity and the ageing process
• 10.5.5 Exercise and depression
• 10.6 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 10.7 Review questions
• 10.8 Coach it!
• 11 Lower-intensity aerobic endurance sports
• 11.1 Learning objectives
• 11.2 The aerobic system
• 11.2.1 Pathways for initial substrate catabolism
• 11.3 The physiology of lower-intensity aerobic endurance sports
• 11.4 Aerobic endurance
• 11.4.1 Tests of aerobic endurance
• 11.5 Metabolic rate
• 11.5.1 Fatigue in lower-intensity aerobic endurance sports
• 11.5.2 Physiological adaptations to aerobic training
• 11.6 Ergogenic aids for lower-intensity aerobic endurance sports
• 11.6.1 Blood doping
• 11.6.2 Erythropoietin
• 11.6.3 Altitude training
• 11.7 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 11.8 Review questions
• 11.9 Coach it!
• 12 Intermittent sports
• 12.1 Learning objectives
• 12.2 General physiology of intermittent exercise
• 12.2.1 Physiological demands of intermittent exercise
• 12.3 Physiology of a variety of intermittent sports
• 12.3.1 The physiology of football/soccer
• 12.3.2 Distance covered
• 12.3.3 Exercise intensity
• 12.3.4 Metabolic demands
• 12.3.5 Football-specific tests
• 12.3.6 The physiology of rugby union
• 12.3.7 The physiology of indigenous sports – Kī-O-Rahi
• 12.3.8 The physiology of racquet sports
• 12.3.9 The physiology of cricket
• 12.3.10 The physiology of combat sports
• 12.3.11 The physiology of sailing
• 12.4 Ergogenic aids for intermittent sports
• 12.5 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 12.6 Review questions
• 12.7 Coach it!
• Part 3 Applied exercise physiology
• 13 Introduction to exercise programming, conditioning, and strength training
• 13.1 Learning objectives
• 13.2 Introduction
• 13.2.1 Introduction to training methodology
• 13.2.2 The influence of well-being on sports performance and health
• 13.2.3 Fitness for health and performance
• 13.3 The components of fitness
• 13.3.1 Flexibility
• 13.3.2 Dynamic balance
• 13.3.3 Reaction time
• 13.4 Assessing physiological fitness and the success of a training programme
• 13.4.1 Building up a physiological profile
• 13.4.2 Physiological fitness tests
• 13.4.3 Flexibility tests
• 13.5 Guidelines for administration of testing
• 13.5.1 Test validity
• 13.5.2 Test reliability
• 13.5.3 Test order
• 13.6 Developing sport-specific tests
• 13.7 Developing and designing training programmes
• 13.8 Principles of training
• 13.8.1 Overload principle
• 13.8.2 Progression principle
• 13.8.3 Specificity principle
• 13.8.4 Regression principle
• 13.8.5 Individualisation principle
• 13.8.6 Variation principle
• 13.9 Periodisation
• 13.10 Programme design
• 13.10.1 An example programme
• 13.11 Periodisation and fitness assessment
• 13.12 Strength and conditioning
• 13.12.1 Conditioning training
• 13.12.2 Warm-up and cool-down
• 13.13 Flexibility training
• 13.13.1 Static stretches
• 13.13.2 Ballistic stretches
• 13.13.3 Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
• 13.14 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 13.15 Review questions
• 13.16 Teach it!
• 14 Physical activity prescription for people with chronic complex medical diseases – pulmonary, respiratory, cardiac, and circulatory conditions, obesity, and cancer
• 14.1 Learning objectives
• 14.2 Physical activity and disease
• 14.3 Disease and physical inactivity
• 14.4 Barriers and facilitators to PA
• 14.5 Multi-disciplinary team approach to PA prescription
• 14.6 Pulmonary disease
• 14.7 Asthma: overview
• 14.7.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 14.7.2 Consideration of medication
• 14.7.3 Physical activity prescription and guidelines
• 14.8 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• 14.8.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 14.8.2 Medication
• 14.8.3 Physical activity prescription and guidelines
• 14.9 Interstitial lung diseases
• 14.9.1 Medications
• 14.10 Cystic fibrosis: overview
• 14.10.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 14.10.2 Consideration of medication
• 14.10.3 Physical activity guidelines
• 14.11 Pneumonia
• 14.12 Cardiac and circulatory disease: overview
• 14.12.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 14.12.2 Consideration of medication
• 14.12.3 Physical activity prescription
• 14.13 Obesity: overview
• 14.13.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 14.13.2 Consideration of medication
• 14.13.3 Physical activity prescription
• 14.14 Cancer: overview
• 14.14.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 14.14.2 Consideration of medication
• 14.14.3 Physical activity prescription
• 14.15 Check your recall
• 14.16 Review questions
• 14.17 Coach it!
• 15 Physical activity prescription for people with chronic complex medical diseases – neurological, musculoskeletal, metabolic, and mental health conditions
• 15.1 Learning objectives
• 15.2 Multiple Sclerosis: overview
• 15.2.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 15.2.2 Consideration of medication
• 15.2.3 Physical activity guidelines
• 15.3 Cerebral palsy
• 15.3.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 15.3.2 Consideration of medication
• 15.3.3 Physical activity guidelines
• 15.4 Key point
• 15.5 Type 2 diabetes: overview
• 15.5.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 15.5.2 Consideration of medication
• 15.5.3 Physical activity guidelines
• 15.6 Knowledge integration question
• 15.7 Mental health
• 15.7.1 Benefits and detrimental effects
• 15.7.2 Consideration of medication
• 15.7.3 Physical activity guidelines
• 15.8 Check your recall
• 15.9 Review questions
• 15.10 Coach it!
• 16 Applied exercise physiology and the environment
• 16.1 Learning objectives
• 16.2 Thermoregulation
• 16.2.1 Measurement of core temperature
• 16.2.2 Thermoregulatory zone
• 16.2.3 Mechanisms of heat transfer
• 16.2.4 Conduction
• 16.2.5 Convection
• 16.2.6 Radiation
• 16.2.7 Evaporation
• 16.3 Physiological challenge of thermal stress
• 16.3.1 The physiological stress of hot environments
• 16.3.2 Physiological responses to exercise in the heat
• 16.3.3 Sweat rate and composition
• 16.3.4 Heat illnesses
• 16.3.5 Heat exhaustion
• 16.3.6 Heat stroke
• 16.3.7 Heat acclimatisation
• 16.3.8 The physiological stress of cold environments
• 16.3.9 Physiological responses to exercise in the cold
• 16.3.10 Effects of cold environments on performance
• 16.3.11 Cold exposure illness and injury
• 16.3.12 Cold acclimatisation
• 16.4 Water immersion
• 16.4.1 Water immersion survival
• 16.4.2 Thermal transfer in water
• 16.4.3 Water immersion misconceptions
• 16.4.4 Physiological responses to water immersion
• 16.4.5 Initial response (cold shock)
• 16.4.6 Short-term response
• 16.4.7 Long-term response
• 16.5 Effects of hyperbaric and hypobaric conditions on performance
• 16.5.1 Exercise in a hypobaric environment
• 16.5.2 The effect of altitude on the oxygen cascade
• 16.5.3 Acute physiological response to altitude
• 16.5.4 Altitude acclimatisation
• 16.5.5 Exercise in a hyperbaric environment
• 16.5.6 Freediving (breath-hold diving)
• 16.5.7 SCUBA diving
• 16.5.8 Squeezes
• 16.5.9 Pneumothorax
• 16.5.10 Nitrogen narcosis
• 16.5.11 Decompression sickness (the bends)
• 16.6 Check your recall: fill in the missing words
• 16.7 Review questions
• 16.8 Coach it!
• Appendix A: Recommended daily allowances for a range of vitamins
• Appendix B: Gas conversion table
• Appendix C: Body composition and its analysis
• References
• Bibliography
• Index