Efnisyfirlit

• Contents
• Preface
• Laboratory Safety
• Laboratory Protocol
• Part 1: Basic Laboratory Techniques for Isolation, Cultivation, and Cultural Characterization of Mic
• Introduction
• Experiment 1: Culture Transfer Techniques
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Observations and Results Culture “A”
• Observations and Results Culture “B”
• Observations and Results S. marcescens
• Experiment 2: Techniques for Isolation of Pure Cultures
• Part A: Isolation of Discrete Colonies from a Mixed Culture
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part B: Isolation of Pure Cultures from a Spread-Plate or Streak-Plate Preparation
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 3: Cultural Characteristics of Microorganisms
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Part 2: Microscopy
• Introduction
• Experiment 4: Microscopic Examination of Stained Cell Preparations
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 5: Microscopic Examination of Living Microorganisms Using a Hanging-Drop Preparation or a
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 3: Bacterial Staining
• Introduction
• Experiment 6: Preparation of Bacterial Smears
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 7: Simple Staining
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 8: Negative Staining
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 9: Gram Stain
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 10: Acid-Fast Stain
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 11: Differential Staining for Visualization of Bacterial Cell Structures
• Part A: Spore Stain (Schaeffer-Fulton Method)
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Part B: Capsule Stain (Anthony Method)
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 4: Cultivation of Microorganisms: Nutritional and Physical Requirements, and Enumeration of Mic
• Introduction
• Experiment 12: Nutritional Requirements: Media for the Routine Cultivation of Bacteria
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 13: Use of Differential, Selective, and Enriched Media
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 14: Physical Factors: Temperature
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 15: Physical Factors: pH of the Extracellular Environment
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 16: Physical Factors: Atmospheric Oxygen Requirements
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 17: Techniques for the Cultivation of Anaerobic Microorganisms
• Principle
• Materials
• Media
• Equipment
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 18: Serial Dilution–Agar Plate Procedure to Quantitate Viable Cells
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 19: The Bacterial Growth Curve
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 5: Biochemical Activities of Microorganisms
• Introduction
• Experiment 20: Extracellular Enzymatic Activities of Microorganisms
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 21: Carbohydrate Fermentation
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 22: Triple Sugar–Iron Agar Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 23: IMViC Test
• Part A: Indole Production Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part B: Methyl Red Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part C: Voges-Proskauer Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part D: Citrate Utilization Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 24: Hydrogen Sulfide Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 25: Urease Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 26: Litmus–Milk Reactions
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 27: Nitrate Reduction Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 28: Catalase Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 29: Oxidase Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 30: Utilization of Amino Acids
• Part A: Decarboxylase Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part B: Phenylalanine Deaminase Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 31: Genus Identification of Unknown Bacterial Cultures
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Part 6: The Protozoa
• Introduction
• Experiment 32: Free-Living Protozoa
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 33: Parasitic Protozoa
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 7: The Fungi
• Introduction
• Experiment 34: Cultivation and Morphology of Molds
• Part A: Slide Culture Technique
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part B: Mold Cultivation on Solid Surfaces
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 35: Yeast Morphology, Cultural Characteristics, and Reproduction
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Procedure Lab Three
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 36: Identification of Unknown Fungi
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Part 8: The Viruses
• Introduction
• Experiment 37: Cultivation and Enumeration of Bacteriophages
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 38: Isolation of Coliphages from Raw Sewage
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Procedure Lab Three
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 39: Propagation of Isolated Bacteriophage Cultures
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Procedure Lab Three
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 9: Physical and Chemical Agents for the Control of Microbial Growth
• Introduction
• Experiment 40: Physical Agents of Control: Moist Heat
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 41: Physical Agents of Control: Electromagnetic Radiations
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 42: Chemical Agents of Control: Chemotherapeutic Agents
• Synthetic Agents
• Part A: The Kirby-Bauer Antibiotic Sensitivity Test Procedure
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part B: Synergistic Effect of Drug Combinations
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Question
• Experiment 43: Determination of Penicillin Activity in the Presence and Absence of Penicillinase
• Principle
• Part A: MIC Determination Using a Spectrophotometer
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part B: MIC Determination Using a Plate Reader
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 44: Chemical Agents of Control: Disinfectants and Antiseptics
• Part A: Disc Diffusion Testing of Disinfectants and Antiseptics
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part B: Modified Use Dilution Testing of Disinfectants and Antiseptics
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 10: Microbiology of Food
• Introduction
• Experiment 45: Microbiological Analysis of Food Products: Bacterial Count
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 46: Microbial Fermentation
• Part A: Alcohol Fermentation
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Part B: Lactic Acid Fermentation
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results for Alcohol Fermentation
• Observations and Results for Lactic Acid Fermentation
• Review Questions
• Part 11: Microbiology of Water
• Introduction
• Experiment 47: Standard Qualitative Analysis of Water
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Procedure Lab Three
• Procedure Lab Four
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 48: Quantitative Analysis of Water: Membrane Filter Method
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 12: Microbiology of Soil
• Introduction
• Experiment 49: Microbial Populations in Soil: Enumeration
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Procedure Lab Three
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 50: Isolation of Antibiotic-Producing Microorganisms and Determination of Antimicrobial S
• Principle
• Materials
• Part A: Isolation of Antibiotic-Producing Microorganisms
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part B: Determination of Antimicrobial Spectrum of Isolates
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Procedure Lab Three
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 51: Isolation of Pseudomonas Species by Means of the Enrichment Culture Technique
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Procedure Lab Three
• Procedure Lab Four
• Procedure Lab Five
• Procedure Lab Six
• Procedure Lab Seven
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 13: Bacterial Genetics
• Introduction
• Experiment 52: Enzyme Induction
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 53: Bacterial Conjugation
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 54: Isolation of a Streptomycin-Resistant Mutant
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Procedure Lab Three
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 55: The Ames Test: A Bacterial Test System for Chemical Carcinogenicity
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 14: Biotechnology
• Introduction
• Experiment 56: Bacterial Transformation
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 57: Isolation of Bacterial Plasmids
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 58: Restriction Analysis and Electrophoretic Separation of Bacteriophage Lambda DNA
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Part 15: Medical Microbiology
• Introduction
• Experiment 59: Microbial Flora of the Mouth: Determination of Susceptibility to Dental Caries
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 60: Normal Microbial Flora of the Throat and Skin
• Principle
• Part A: Isolation of Microbial flora
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Part B: Effectiveness of Handwashing
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 61: Identification of Human Staphylococcal Pathogens
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Experiment 62: Identification of Human Streptococcal Pathogens
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 63: Identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 64: Identification of Enteric Microorganisms Using Computer-Assisted Multitest Microsyste
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 65: Isolation and Presumptive Identification of Campylobacter
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 66: Microbiological Analysis of Urine Specimens
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 67: Microbiological Analysis of Blood Specimens
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 68: Species Identification of Unknown Bacterial Cultures
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure Lab One
• Procedure Lab Two
• Procedure Lab Three
• Procedure Lab Four
• Observations and Results
• Part 16: Immunology
• Introduction
• Experiment 69: Precipitin Reaction: The Ring Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 70: Agglutination Reaction: The Febrile Antibody Test
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Experiment 71: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Question
• Experiment 72: Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Rapid Immunodiagnostic Procedures
• Part A: Rapid Plasma Reagin Test for Syphilis
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Part B: Genital Herpes: Isolation and Identification of Herpes Simplex Virus
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Part C: Detection of Sexually Transmitted Chlamydial Diseases
• Principle
• Materials
• Procedure
• Observations and Results
• Review Questions
• Appendices
• Appendix 1: Scientific Notation
• Appendix 2: Methods for the Preparation of Dilutions
• Appendix 3: Microbiological Media
• Appendix 4: Biochemical Test Reagents
• Appendix 5: Staining Reagents
• Appendix 6: Experimental Microorganisms
• Art & Photo Credits
• Index