Efnisyfirlit

• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• Transcription conventions
• 1 Introduction: linguistic forms and functions
• 1.1 The functions of language
• 1.1.1 The transactional view
• 1.1.2 The interactional view
• 1.2 Spoken and written language
• 1.2.1 Manner of production
• 1.2.2 The representation of discourse: texts
• 1.2.3 Written texts
• 1.2.4 Spoken texts
• 1.2.5 The relationship between speech and writing
• 1.2.6 Differences in form between written and spoken language
• 1.3 Sentence and utterance
• 1.3.1 On ‘data’
• 1.3.2 Rules versus regularities
• 1.3.3 Product versus process
• 1.3.4 On ‘context’
• 2 The role of context in interpretation
• 2.1 Pragmatics and discourse context
• 2.1.1 Reference
• 2.1.2 Presupposition
• 2.1.3 lmplicatures
• 2.1.4 Inference
• 2.2 The context of situation
• 2.2.1 Features of context
• 2.2.2 Co-text
• 2.3 The expanding context
• 2.4 The principles of ‘local interpretation’ and of ‘analogy’
• 3 Topic and the representation of discourse content
• 3.1 Discourse fragments and the notion ‘topic’
• 3.2 Sentential topic
• 3.3 Discourse topic
• 3.3.1 Topic framework
• 3.3.2 Presupposition pools
• 3.3.3 Sentential topic and the presupposition pool
• 3.4 Relevance and speaking topically
• 3.5 Speaker’s topic
• 3.6 Topic boundary markers
• 3.6.1 Paragraphs
• 3.6.2 Paratones
• 3.7 Discourse topic and the representation of discourse content
• 3.8 Problems with the proposition-based representation of discourse content
• 3.9 Memory for text-content: story-grammars
• 3.10 Representing text-content as a network
• 4 ‘Staging’ and the representation of discourse structure
• 4.1 The linearisation problem
• 4.2 Theme
• 4.3 Thematisation and ‘staging’
• 4.3.1 ‘Staging’
• 4.3.2 ‘Theme’ as main character/ topic entity
• 4.3.3 Titles and thematisation
• 4.3.4 Thematic structure
• 4.3.5 Natural order and point of view
• 4.3.6 Theme, thematisation and ‘staging’
• 5 Information structure
• 5.1 The structure of information
• 5.1.1 Information structure and the notion ‘given/new’ in intonation
• 5.1.2 Halliday’s account of information structure: information units
• 5.1.3 Halliday’s account of information structure: tone groups and tonics
• 5.1.4 Identifying the tone group
• 5.1.5 The tone group and the clause
• 5.1.6 Pause-defined units
• 5.1.7 The function of pitch prominence
• 5.2 Information structure and syntactic form
• 5.2.1 Given/new and syntactic form
• 5.2.2 Information structure and sentence structure
• 5.3 The psychological status of ‘givenness’
• 5.3.1 What does ‘given’ mean?
• 5.3.2 A taxonomy of information status
• 5.3.3 The information status taxonomy applied to data
• 5.4 Conclusion
• 6 The nature of reference in text and in discourse
• 6.1 What is ‘text’?
• 6.1.1 ‘Cohesion’
• 6.1.2 Endophora
• 6.1.3 Substitution
• 6.2 Discourse reference
• 6.2.1 Reference and discourse representations
• 6.2.2 Referring expressions
• 6.3 Pronouns in discourse
• 6.3.1 Pronouns and antecedent nominals
• 6.3.2 Pronouns and antecedent predicates
• 6.3.3 Pronouns and ‘new’ predicates
• 6.3.4 Interpreting pronominal reference in discourse
• 7 Coherence in the interpretation of discourse
• 7.1 Coherence in discourse
• 7.2 Computing communicative function
• 7.3 Speech acts
• 7.4 Using knowledge of the world
• 7.5 Top-down and bottom-up processing
• 7.6 Representing background knowledge
• 7.6.1 Frames
• 7.6.2 Scripts
• 7.6.3 Scenarios
• 7.6.4 Schemata
• 7.6.5 Mental models
• 7.7 Determining the inferences to be made
• 7.8 Inferences as missing links
• 7.9 Inferences as non-automatic connections
• 7.10 Inferences as filling in gaps or discontinuities in interpretation
• 7.11 Conclusion
• References
• Subject index
• Author index