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• Cover
• Title Page
• Contents
• Preface
• Introduction
• 1. International Law and the Struggle for World Peace
• The Peace Movement in the Nineteenth Century
• The Complex Web of Alliances in Nineteenth-Century Europe
• The First Hague Peace Conference
• The International Law of Neutrality
• 2. The Treaty of Versailles as a Tentative Trial Run
• The League of Nations
• The Kellogg-Briand Pact
• The Twenty Years’ Crisis
• 3. The UN Charter Regime on the Use of Force
• A New Epoch in International Law: The Founding of the United Nations
• Would the U.S. Senate Reject the UN as It Had the League?
• The Peaceful Resolution of International Disputes and the Role of the International Court of Justice
• The UN Charter Enters the Nuclear Age
• 4. Key Challenges to the General Prohibition on the Use of Force
• Should Article 2(4) Be Interpreted Broadly or Narrowly?
• Is It Legal to Intervene with Force If Invited to Do So?
• Is Humanitarian Intervention Compatible with Article 2(4)?
• What Is the Status in International Law of the Responsibility to Protect?
• Nuclear Weapons: The Ultimate Challenge to the Charter Framework
• 5. The Right of Self-Defense
• The Caroline Incident and the Customary Right of Self-Defense
• Article 51 of the UN Charter
• Anticipatory Self-Defense
• Pre-Emptive Self-Defense
• Collective Self-Defense
• The Protection of Nationals
• Nuclear Weapons and Self-Defense
• 6. The Crime of Aggression
• The Nuremberg and Tokyo Trials and the Criminality of Aggressive War
• The Prohibition of Aggression in the UN Era
• The Crime of Aggression in the Statute of the International Criminal Court
• 7. Can Collective Security Work?
• Where Collective Security Has Been Invoked
• After Kuwait: A New World Order
• The General Assembly Takes Over: Uniting for Peace and Suez
• Where Collective Security Has Not Been Invoked: India’s Occupation of Goa
• A Matter of Self-Defense and Self-Help: Tanzania’s Overthrow of Idi Amin of Uganda
• 8. Terrorism, International Law, and the Use of Force
• The Definition of Terrorism in International Law
• The International Legal Framework to Combat Terrorism
• The UN Security Council and Terrorism as a Threat to Peace and Security
• Afghanistan and Operation Enduring Freedom
• The Practice of Detaining “Illegal Enemy Combatants”
• 9. Was the U.S. Invasion of Iraq Legal?
• The Basis for Action
• The British Interpretation: The Goldsmith Advice
• The Trouble with Intelligence: Iraq’s Weapons of Mass Destruction
• 10. Conclusions: Has the International Law Relating to the Use of Force Created a More Peaceful World?
• The Adequacy of the Charter Regime to Address Contemporary Issues
• Select Bibliography
• Index
• About The Authors
• eCopyright