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• Title Page
• Copyright
• Contents
• Research Perspectives Finder
• Preface
• Student and Instructor Resources
• Acknowledgments
• Photo Credits
• An Introduction to Exercise and Sport Physiology
• Focus of Exercise and Sport Physiology
• Acute and Chronic Responses to Exercise
• The Evolution of Exercise Physiology
• Exercise Physiology in the 21st Century
• Research: Turning Curiosity Into Science
• Part I: Exercising Muscle
• 1. Structure and Function of Exercising Muscle
• Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle
• Muscle Fiber Contraction
• Muscle Fiber Types
• Skeletal Muscle and Exercise
• 2. Fuel for Exercise: Bioenergetics and Muscle Metabolism
• Energy Substrates
• Controlling the Rate of Energy Production
• Storing Energy: High-Energy Phosphates
• The Basic Energy Systems
• Interaction of the Energy Systems
• The Crossover Concept
• The Oxidative Capacity of Muscle
• 3. Neural Control of Exercising Muscle
• Structure and Function of the Nervous System
• Central Nervous System
• Peripheral Nervous System
• Sensory-Motor Integration
• 4. Hormonal Control During Exercise
• The Endocrine System
• Endocrine Glands and Their Hormones: An Overview
• Hormonal Regulation of Metabolism During Exercise
• Hormonal Regulation of Fluid and Electrolytes During Exercise
• Hormonal Regulation of Caloric Intake
• Growth Hormone and Testosterone
• Part II: Energy Expenditure and Fatigue
• 5. Energy Expenditure
• Measuring Energy Expenditure
• Estimating Energy Expenditure
• Predicting Energy Expenditure
• Energy Expenditure at Rest and During Exercise
• 6. Fatigue, Muscle Soreness, and Muscle Cramps
• Fatigue and Its Causes
• Critical Power: The Link Between Energy Expenditure and Fatigue
• Muscle Soreness
• Exercise-Induced Muscle Cramps
• Part III: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function
• 7. The Cardiovascular System and Its Control
• The Heart
• The Vascular System
• Blood
• 8. The Respiratory System and Its Regulation
• Pulmonary Ventilation
• Pulmonary Volumes
• Pulmonary Diffusion
• Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Blood
• Gas Exchange at the Muscles
• Regulation of Pulmonary Ventilation
• Afferent Feedback From Exercising Limbs
• Exercise Training and Respiratory Function
• 9. Cardiorespiratory Responses to Acute Exercise
• Cardiovascular Responses to Acute Exercise
• Respiratory Responses to Acute Exercise
• Recovery From Acute Exercise
• Part IV: Exercise Training
• 10. Principles of Exercise Training
• Terminology
• General Principles of Training
• Resistance Training Programs
• Anaerobic and Aerobic Power Training Programs
• 11. Adaptations to Resistance Training
• Resistance Training and Gains in Muscular Fitness
• Mechanisms of Gains in Muscle Strength
• Interaction Between Resistance Training and Diet
• Resistance Training for Special Populations
• 12. Adaptations to Aerobic and Anaerobic Training
• Adaptations to Aerobic Training
• Adaptations to Anaerobic Training
• Adaptations to High-Intensity Interval Training
• Specificity of Training and Cross-Training
• 13. Prescription of Exercise for Health and Fitness
• Health Benefits of Regular Physical Activity and Exercise
• Exercise and Cognitive Function
• Physical Activity Recommendations
• Health Screening
• Exercise Prescription
• Sedentary Behavior
• Monitoring Exercise Intensity
• Exercise Programming
• Exercise and Rehabilitation of People with Diseases
• Part V: Environmental Influences on Performance
• 14. Exercise in Hot and Cold Environments
• Body Temperature Regulation
• Physiological Responses to Exercise in the Heat
• Health Risks During Exercise in the Heat
• Acclimation to Exercise in the Heat
• Exercise in the Cold
• Physiological Responses to Exercise in the Cold
• Health Risks During Exercise in the Cold
• 15. Altitude, Hyperbaric Environments, and Microgravity
• Environmental Conditions at Altitude
• Physiological Responses to Acute Altitude Exposure
• Exercise and Sport Performance at Altitude
• Acclimation: Chronic Exposure to Altitude
• Altitude: Optimizing Training and Performance
• Health Risks of Acute Exposure to Altitude
• Hyperbaric Environments
• Microgravity
• Part VI: Optimizing Performance in Sport
• 16. Training for Sport
• Optimizing Training
• Periodization of Training
• Overtraining
• Tapering for Peak Performance
• Detraining
• 17. Nutrition, Body Composition, and Obesity
• Classification of Nutrients
• Water and Electrolyte Balance
• Nutrition and Athletic Performance
• Assessing Body Composition
• Body Composition, Weight, and Sport Performance
• Obesity
• Weight Loss Management Guidelines
• Role of Physical Activity in Weight Management and Risk Reduction
• 18. Ergogenic Aids in Sport
• Researching Ergogenic Aids
• Ergogenic Aids with Established Evidence of Efficacy
• Ergogenic Aids with Emerging Evidence of Efficacy
• Prohibited Substances and Techniques
• Part VII: Special Considerations in Sport, Exercise, and Physical Activity
• 19. Children and Adolescents in Sport and Exercise
• Growth, Development, and Maturation
• Physiological Responses to Acute Exercise
• Physiological Adaptations to Exercise Training
• Physical Activity Patterns Among Youth
• Physical Activity Recommendations for Children and Adolescents
• Sport Performance and Specialization
• Special Issues
• 20. Aging in Sport and Exercise
• Height, Weight, and Body Composition
• Physiological Responses to Acute Exercise
• Physiological Adaptations to Exercise Training
• Recommended Physical Activity
• Sport Performance
• Special Issues
• 21. Sex Differences in Sport and Exercise
• Sex Versus Gender in Exercise Physiology
• Body Size and Composition
• Physiological Responses to Acute Exercise
• Physiological Adaptations to Exercise Training
• Sport Performance
• Special Issues
• 22. Cardiovascular Disease and Physical Activity
• Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
• Forms of Cardiovascular Disease
• Understanding the Disease Process
• Cardiovascular Disease Risk
• Reducing Risk Through Physical Activity
• Risk of Heart Attack and Death During Exercise
• Exercise Training and Rehabilitation of Patients with Heart Disease
• Common Physiology Abbreviations
• Glossary
• References
• Index
• About the Authors