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• Cover 
• Half title
• Title
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contents 
• Foreword
• Preface
• Abbreviations
• 1. Climate in Context
• Weather and Climate
• The Climate System
• Climate Change: Separating Facts from Fears
• The Story
• 2. The Character of the Atmosphere
• The Structure and Composition of the Atmosphere
• The Circulation of the Atmosphere
• Some Climate Phenomena
• Ozone: A Stratosphere Story
• Perspective
• 3. The World Ocean
• The Important Properties of Water
• The Ocean’s Layered Structure
• The Ocean’s Surface Currents
• Global Flows of Water Through the Ocean and Atmosphere
• The Ocean–Atmosphere Interaction of El Niño–Southern Oscillation
• Perspective
• 4. The Carbon Cycle and How It Influences Climate
• Reservoirs of Carbon
• The Carbon Cycle
• The Acidification of the Ocean
• Perspective: Uncertainties in the Carbon Cycle
• 5. A Scientific Framework for Thinking About Climate Change
• Energy Balance
• Radiative Forcing
• The Greenhouse Effect
• Aerosols
• Changes in Land Use
• Natural Forcings
• Important Features of the Climate System
• Perspective
• 6. Learning from Climates Past
• A Lesson from the Distant Past: The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum
• The Ice Age
• Fluctuations in Ancient Climate
• The Climate of the Past 100,000 Years
• The Climate of the Holocene: The Past 12,000 Years
• Lessons Learned
• 7. A Century of Warming and Some Consequences
• A Century of Warming and Its Causes
• Precipitation and Drought
• Severe Storms and Other Extreme Events
• More Lessons from the American West: Ecosystem Responses
• Perspective
• 8. More Consequences: The Sensitive Arctic and Sea-Level Rise
• The Shrinking Arctic Ice Cap
• Melting Permafrost and Changing Tundra
• Ice Loss Beyond the Arctic and Sea-Level Rise
• Lessons for Sea-Level Rise from the Most Recent Interglacial Period
• Perspective
• 9. Climate Models and the Future
• What Are Climate Models?
• Are Climate Models Credible?
• Simulating the Twentieth Century: Anthropogenic Versus Natural Causes of Climate Change
• Peering into the Future
• Perspective
• 10. Energy and the Future
• Coal: A Vast Enterprise
• The Nuclear Option
• Wind and Solar Power: Icons for the Future
• Solutions
• Notes
• Glossary
• Bibliography
• Student Companion
• 1. Climate in Context
• 2. The Character of the Atmosphere
• 3. The World Ocean
• 4. The Carbon Cycle and How It Influences Climate
• 5. A Scientific Framework for Thinking About Climate Change
• 6. Learning from Climates Past
• 7. A Century of Warming and Some Consequences
• 8. More Consequences: The Sensitive Arctic and Sea-Level Rise
• 9. Climate Models and the Future
• 10. Energy and the Future
• Index