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• Copyright
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• What’s New in the Fourth Edition
• Organization of This Book
• Audience for This Book
• Conventions Used in This Book
• Contacting the Authors
• Safari® Books Online
• How to Contact Us
• Acknowledgments
• Part I. Introducing Information Architecture
• Chapter 1. The Problems That Information Architecture Addresses
• Hello, iTunes
• The Problems Information Architecture Addresses
• Information Overload
• More Ways to Access Information
• Enter Information Architecture
• Places Made of Information
• Coherence Across Channels
• Systems Thinking
• Recap
• Chapter 2. Defining Information Architecture
• Definitions
• Just Because You Can’t See It, Doesn’t Mean It Isn’t There
• Toward a Damned Good Information Architecture
• Context
• Content
• Users
• Recap
• Chapter 3. Design for Finding
• The “Too-Simple” Information Model
• Information Needs
• Information-Seeking Behaviors
• Learning About Information Needs and Information-Seeking Behaviors
• Recap
• Chapter 4. Design for Understanding
• A Sense of Place
• The Architecture of (Real-World) Places
• Places Made of Information
• Organizing Principles
• Structure and Order
• Typologies
• Modularity and Extensibility
• The Happiest Place(s) on Earth
• Recap
• Part II. Basic Principles of Information Architecture
• Chapter 5. The Anatomy of an Information Architecture
• Visualizing Information Architecture
• Top-Down Information Architecture
• Bottom-Up Information Architecture
• Invisible Information Architecture
• Information Architecture Components
• Browsing Aids
• Search Aids
• Content and Tasks
• “Invisible” Components
• Recap
• Chapter 6. Organization Systems
• Challenges of Organizing Information
• Ambiguity
• Heterogeneity
• Differences in Perspectives
• Internal Politics
• Organizing Information Environments
• Organization Schemes
• Exact Organization Schemes
• Ambiguous Organization Schemes
• Organization Structures
• The Hierarchy: A Top-Down Approach
• The Database Model: A Bottom-Up Approach
• Hypertext
• Social Classification
• Creating Cohesive Organization Systems
• Recap
• Chapter 7. Labeling Systems
• Why You Should Care About Labeling
• Varieties of Labels
• Labels as Contextual Links
• Labels as Headings
• Labels Within Navigation Systems
• Labels as Index Terms
• Iconic Labels
• Designing Labels
• General Guidelines
• Sources of Labeling Systems
• Creating New Labeling Systems
• Tuning and Tweaking
• Recap
• Chapter 8. Navigation Systems
• Types of Navigation Systems
• Gray Matters
• Browser Navigation Features
• Placemaking
• Improving Flexibility
• Embedded Navigation Systems
• Global Navigation Systems
• Local Navigation Systems
• Contextual Navigation
• Implementing Embedded Navigation
• Supplemental Navigation Systems
• Sitemaps
• Indexes
• Guides
• Configurators
• Search
• Advanced Navigation Approaches
• Personalization and Customization
• Visualization
• Social Navigation
• Recap
• Chapter 9. Search Systems
• Does Your Product Need Search?
• Search System Anatomy
• Choosing What to Index
• Determining Search Zones
• Selecting Content Components to Index
• Search Algorithms
• Pattern-Matching Algorithms
• Other Approaches
• Query Builders
• Presenting Results
• Which Content Components to Display
• How Many Documents to Display
• Listing Results
• Grouping Results
• Acting on Results
• Designing the Search Interface
• The Box
• Autocomplete and Autosuggest
• Advanced Search
• Supporting Revision
• When Users Get Stuck
• Where to Learn More
• Recap
• Chapter 10. Thesauri, Controlled Vocabularies, and Metadata
• Metadata
• Controlled Vocabularies
• Synonym Rings
• Authority Files
• Classification Schemes
• Thesauri
• Technical Lingo
• A Thesaurus in Action
• Types of Thesauri
• Classic Thesaurus
• Indexing Thesaurus
• Searching Thesaurus
• Thesaurus Standards
• Semantic Relationships
• Equivalence
• Hierarchical
• Associative
• Preferred Terms
• Term Form
• Term Selection
• Term Definition
• Term Specificity
• Polyhierarchy
• Faceted Classification
• Recap
• Part III. Getting Information Architecture Done
• Chapter 11. Research
• A Research Framework
• Context
• Getting Buy-In
• Background Research
• Introductory Presentations
• Research Meetings
• Stakeholder Interviews
• Technology Assessment
• Content
• Heuristic Evaluation
• Content Analysis
• Content Mapping
• Benchmarking
• Users
• Usage Analysis
• Search Log Analysis
• Customer-Support Data
• Participant Definition and Recruiting
• Surveys
• Contextual Inquiry
• Focus Groups
• User Research Sessions
• Interviews
• Card Sorting
• User Testing
• In Defense of Research
• Overcoming Research Resistance
• Recap
• Chapter 12. Strategy
• What Is an Information Architecture Strategy?
• Strategies Under Attack
• From Research to Strategy
• Developing the Strategy
• Think
• Articulate
• Communicate
• Test
• Work Products and Deliverables
• Metaphor Exploration
• Scenarios
• Case Studies and Stories
• Conceptual Diagrams
• Sitemaps and Wireframes
• The Strategy Report
• A Sample Strategy Report
• The Project Plan
• Presentations
• Recap
• Chapter 13. Design and Documentation
• Guidelines for Diagramming an Information Architecture
• Communicating Visually
• Sitemaps
• High-Level Architecture Sitemaps
• Digging Deeper into Sitemaps
• Keeping Sitemaps Simple
• Detailed Sitemaps
• Organizing Your Sitemaps
• Wireframes
• Types of Wireframes
• Wireframe Guidelines
• Content Mapping and Inventory
• Content Models
• Why Do They Matter?
• An Example
• A Valuable Process
• Controlled Vocabularies
• Design Collaboration
• Design Sketches
• Interactive Prototypes
• Point-of-Production Information Architecture
• Putting It All Together: Information Architecture Style Guides
• The “Why” Stuff
• The “How” Stuff
• Recap
• Coda
• Putting the Arc in Information Architecture
• A Recap of What We’ve Learned
• Now It’s Your Turn
• Appendix A. References
• Books
• Professional Organizations
• Index
• About the Authors