Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Contents
• Preface
• Chapter 1. Introduction
• 1.1 Human Osteology
• 1.2 A Guide to the Manual
• 1.3 Resources for the Osteologist
• 1.4 Identify Bones
• Chapter 2. Field Procedures for Skeletal Remains
• 2.1 Search
• 2.2 Discovery
• 2.3 Excavation and Retrieval
• 2.4 Transport
• Chapter 3. Ethics in Osteology
• 3.1 Ethics in Forensic Osteology
• 3.2 Ethics in Archeological Osteology
• Chapter 4. Bone Biology & Variation
• 4.1 Variation
• 4.2 A Few Facts about Bone
• 4.3 Bones as Elements of the Musculoskeletal System
• 4.4 Gross Anatomy of Bones
• 4.5 Molecular Structure of Bone
• 4.6 Histology and Metabolism of Bone
• 4.7 Bone Growth
• 4.8 Bone Repair
• Chapter 5. Postmortem Skeletal Modification
• 5.1 Bone Fracture
• 5.2 Bone Modification by Physical Agents
• 5.3 Bone Modification by Nonhuman Biological Agents
• 5.4 Bone Modification by Humans
• Chapter 6. Anatomical Terminology
• 6.1 Planes of Reference
• 6.2 Directional Terms
• 6.3 Motions of the Body
• 6.4 General Bone Features
• Chapter 7. Skull
• 7.1 Handling the Skull
• 7.2 Elements of the Skull
• 7.3 Growth and Architecture, Sutures and Sinuses
• 7.4 Skull Orientation
• 7.5 Learning Cranial Skeletal Anatomy
• 7.6 Frontal
• 7.7 Parietals
• 7.8 Temporals
• 7.9 Auditory Ossicles
• 7.10 Occipital
• 7.11 Maxillae
• 7.12 Palatines
• 7.13 Vomer
• 7.14 Inferior Nasal Conchae
• 7.15 Ethmoid
• 7.16 Lacrimals
• 7.17 Nasals
• 7.18 Zygomatics
• 7.19 Sphenoid
• 7.20 Mandible
• Chapter 8. Dentition
• 8.1 Dental Form and Function
• 8.2 Dental Terminology
• 8.3 Anatomy of a Tooth
• 8.4 Tooth Identification
• 8.5 To Which Category (Class) Does the Tooth Belong?
• 8.6 Is the Tooth Permanent or Deciduous?
• 8.7 Is the Tooth an Upper or a Lower?
• 8.8 Where in the Arch Is the Tooth Located?
• 8.9 Is the Tooth from the Right or the Left Side?
• Chapter 9. Hyoid & Vertebrae
• 9.1 Hyoid
• 9.2 General Characteristics of Vertebrae
• 9.3 Cervical Vertebrae
• 9.4 Thoracic Vertebrae
• 9.5 Lumbar Vertebrae
• Chapter 10. Thorax: Sternum & Ribs
• 10.1 Sternum
• 10.2 Ribs
• Chapter 11. Shoulder Girdle: Clavicle & Scapula
• 11.1 Clavicle
• 11.2 Scapula
• Chapter 12. Arm: Humerus, Radius, & Ulna
• 12.1 Humerus
• 12.2 Radius
• 12.3 Ulna
• Chapter 13. Hand: Carpals, Metacarpals, & Phalanges
• 13.1 Carpals
• 13.2 Metacarpals
• 13.3 Hand Phalanges
• Chapter 14. Pelvic Girdle: Sacrum, Coccyx, & Os Coxae
• 14.1 Sacrum
• 14.2 Coccyx
• 14.3 Os Coxae
• Chapter 15. Leg: Femur, Patella, Tibia, & Fibula
• 15.1 Femur
• 15.2 Patella
• 15.3 Tibia
• 15.4 Fibula
• Chapter 16. Foot: Tarsals, Metatarsals, & Phalanges
• 16.1 Tarsals
• 16.2 Metatarsals
• 16.3 Foot Phalanges
• Chapter 17. Osteological & Dental Pathology
• 17.1 Trauma
• 17.2 Infectious Diseases and Associated Manifestations
• 17.3 Circulatory Disturbances and Hematopoietic Disorders
• 17.4 Metabolic and Hormonal Imbalance
• 17.5 Tumors
• 17.6 Arthritis
• 17.7 Dental Pathology
• 17.8 Occupation
• Chapter 18. Laboratory Procedures & Reporting
• 18.1 Setting
• 18.2 Preservation
• 18.3 Preparation
• 18.4 Restoration
• 18.5 Sorting
• 18.6 Metric Acquisition and Analysis
• 18.7 Molecular Osteology
• 18.8 Molding and Casting
• 18.9 Photography
• 18.10 Radiography
• 18.11 Microscopy
• 18.12 Computing
• 18.13 Reporting
• 18.14 Curation
• Chapter 19. The Skeletal Biology of Individuals & Populations
• 19.1 Accuracy and Precision of Estimation
• 19.2 From Known to Unknown
• 19.3 Estimation of Age
• 19.4 Determination of Sex
• 19.5 Estimation of Stature
• 19.6 Estimation of Ancestry
• 19.7 Identifying the Individual
• 19.8 Discrete Traits
• 19.9 Estimating Biological Distance
• 19.10 Diet
• 19.11 Disease and Demography
• Glossary
• Appendix: Electronic Resources for Human Osteology
• Bibliography
• Index