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• Cover
• Introduction
• About This Book
• Foolish Assumptions
• Icons Used in This Book
• Beyond the Book
• Where to Go from Here
• Part 1: Biology Basics
• Chapter 1: Exploring the Living World
• It All Starts with a Cell
• Life Begets Life: Reproduction and Genetics
• Making the Connection between Ecosystems and Evolution
• Getting Up Close and Personal with the Anatomy and Physiology of Animals
• Comparing Plants to People
• Chapter 2: How Life Is Studied
• Living Things: Why Biologists Study Them and What Defines Them
• Making Sense of the World through Observations
• Seeing Science as the Constant Sharing of New Ideas
• Tracking Down Scientific Information
• Chapter 3: The Chemistry of Life
• Exploring Why Matter Matters
• Recognizing the Differences between Atoms, Elements, and Isotopes
• Molecules, Compounds, and Bonds
• Acids and Bases (Not a Heavy Metal Band)
• Carbon-Based Molecules: The Basis for All Life
• Chapter 4: The Living Cell
• An Overview of Cells
• Peeking at Prokaryotes
• Examining the Structure of Eukaryotic Cells
• Cells and the Organelles: Not a Motown Doo-wop Group
• Presenting Enzymes, the Jump-Starters
• Chapter 5: Acquiring Energy to Run the Motor
• What’s Energy Got to Do with It?
• Photosynthesis: Using Sunlight, Carbon Dioxide, and Water to Make Food
• Cellular Respiration: Using Oxygen to Break Down Food for Energy
• Energy and Your Body
• Part 2: Let’s Talk about Sex, Baby: Cell Reproduction and Genetics
• Chapter 6: Dividing to Conquer: Cell Division
• Reproduction: Keep On Keepin’ On
• Welcome to DNA Replication 101
• Cell Division: Out with the Old, In with the New
• How Sexual Reproduction Creates Genetic Variation
• Chapter 7: Making Mendel Proud: Understanding Genetics
• Why You’re Unique: Heritable Traits and the Factors Affecting Them
• “Monk”ing Around with Peas: Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance
• Diving into the Pool of Genetic Terminology
• Bearing Genetic Crosses
• Studying Genetic Traits in Humans
• Moving Beyond Mendel
• Chapter 8: Reading the Book of Life: DNA and Proteins
• Proteins Make Traits Happen, and DNA Makes the Proteins
• Moving from DNA to RNA to Protein: The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
• Mistakes Happen: The Consequences of Mutation
• Giving Cells Some Control: Gene Regulation
• Chapter 9: Engineering the Code: DNA Technology
• Understanding Just What’s Involved in DNA Technology
• Mapping the Genes of Humanity
• Genetically Modifying Organisms
• Part 3: It’s a Small, Interconnected World
• Chapter 10: Exploring the Living World: Biodiversity and Classification
• Biodiversity: Recognizing How Our Differences Make Us Stronger
• Meet Your Neighbors: Looking at Life on Earth
• Climbing the Tree of Life: The Classification System of Living Things
• Chapter 11: Observing How Organisms Get Along
• Ecosystems Bring It All Together
• Studying Populations Is Popular in Ecology
• Moving Energy and Matter around within Ecosystems
• Chapter 12: Evolving Species in an Ever-Changing World
• What People Used to Believe
• How Charles Darwin Challenged Age-Old Beliefs about Life on Earth
• The Evidence for Biological Evolution
• Why So Controversial? Evolution versus Creationism
• How Humans Evolved
• Part 4: Systems Galore! Animal Structure and Function
• Chapter 13: Pondering the Principles of Physiology
• Studying Function at All Levels of Life
• Wrapping Your Head around the Big Physiological Ideas
• Chapter 14: Moving and Shaking: Skeletal and Muscular Systems
• Doing the Locomotion, Animal-Style
• The Types of Skeletal Systems
• Why Muscles Are So Essential
• Chapter 15: Going with the Flow: Respiratory and Circulatory Systems
• Passing Gas: How Animals “Breathe”
• Circulation: Nutrients In, Garbage Out
• Getting to the Heart of Simpler Animals
• Exploring the Human Heart and Circulatory System
• A Bloody-Important Fluid
• Chapter 16: Checking Out the Plumbing: Animal Digestive and Excretory Systems
• Obtaining Food and Breaking It Down
• The Ins and Outs of Digestive Systems
• Traveling through the Human Digestive System
• Absorbing the Stuff Your Body Needs
• What’s for Dinner? Making Wise, Nutritious Food Choices
• Exploring the Human Excretory System
• Chapter 17: Fighting Back: Human Defenses
• Microbial Encounters of the Best and Worst Kinds
• Built to Protect You: Innate Human Defenses
• Learning a Lesson: Adaptive Human Defenses
• Giving Your Defenses a Helping Hand
• Aging and Ailing: Changes in the Immune System
• Chapter 18: The Nervous and Endocrine Systems, Messengers Extraordinaire
• The Many Intricacies of Nervous Systems
• What a Sensation! The Brain and the Five Senses
• Following the Path of Nerve Impulses
• The Endocrine System: All Hormones Are Not Raging
• Chapter 19: Reproduction 101: Making More Animals
• This Budding’s for You: Asexual Reproduction
• The Ins and Outs of Sexual Reproduction
• How Other Animals Do It
• Developing New Humans
• Differentiation, Development, and Determination
• Part 5: It’s Not Easy Being Green: Plant Structure and Function
• Chapter 20: Living the Life of a Plant
• Presenting Plant Structure
• Obtaining Matter and Energy for Growth
• Going It Alone: Asexual Reproduction
• Mixing Sperm and Eggs: Sexual Reproduction
• Chapter 21: Probing into Plant Physiology
• How Nutrients, Fluids, and Sugars Move through Plants
• Sending Signals with Plant Hormones
• Part 6: The Part of Tens
• Chapter 22: Ten Great Biology Discoveries
• Seeing the Unseen
• Discovering Penicillin, the First Antibiotic
• Protecting People from Smallpox
• Defining DNA Structure
• Finding and Fighting Defective Genes
• Discovering Modern Genetic Principles
• Evolving the Theory of Natural Selection
• Formulating Cell Theory
• Amplifying DNA with PCR
• Editing DNA with CRISPR
• Chapter 23: Ten Ways Biology Affects Your Life
• Keeping You Fed
• Putting Microbial Enzymes to Work
• Designing Genes
• Powering the Planet
• Causing and Treating Infectious Disease
• Staying Alive
• Providing You with Clean Water
• Changing Physically and Mentally
• Creating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
• Facing Extinction
• About the Author
• Connect with Dummies
• End User License Agreement