Efnisyfirlit

• Instructions for online access
• Cover image
• Title Page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Acknowledgements
• Online Special Topics
• Contributors
• Online contributors
• International Advisory Board
• Preface to the Ninth Edition
• How to Use This Book
• Section 1 Good medical practice
• 1 Ethics, law and communication
• Ethics and the Law
• Communication
• 2 Clinical pharmacology
• Introduction
• Why Do Patients Need Drugs?
• The Choice of Drug
• The Dose
• Pharmacokinetics
• Pharmacodynamics
• Affordability and Cost-Effectiveness
• Prescribing in Special Populations
• Monitoring Drug Therapy
• Adverse Drug Reactions
• Drug Interactions
• Inter-Individual Variability in Drug Response
• Evidence-Based Medicine
• Statistical Analyses
• Information Sources
• Significant websites
• 3 Palliative medicine and symptom control
• Introduction and General Aspects
• Symptom Control
• Extending Palliative Care to People with Non-Malignant Disease
• Palliative Care of the Frail Elderly
• Care of the Dying
• Further reading
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 4 Global health
• Introduction
• Millennium Development Goals
• Global Burden of Disease
• Poverty
• Water and Sanitation
• Organizations and the Global Health Agenda
• Education
• Maternal Health and Child Health
• Mental Health
• Accidents and Trauma
• Conflict and Catastrophe
• Economics and Politics in Global Health
• Social Determinants of Health
• Human Rights and the Value of Engagement in Global Health
• Bibliography
• 5 Environmental medicine
• Disease and the Environment
• Environmental Temperature
• Heat Injury
• Cold Injury
• High Altitude
• Diving
• Drowning
• Air Pollution
• Ionizing Radiation
• Electric Shock
• Lightning Strike
• Smoke
• Noise
• Bioterrorism/Biowarfare
• Travel
• Building-Related Illnesses
• 6 Poisoning
• Introduction
• Clinical approach to the poisoned patient
• Principles of Management of Poisoning
• Specific Poisons
• Significant websites
• Section 2 Clinical sciences
• 7 Molecular cell biology and human genetics
• Cell Biology
• Human Genetics
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 8 The immune system and disease
• Anatomy and Principles of the Immune System
• Innate Immune System
• Adaptive Immune System
• Cell Migration
• HLA Molecules and Antigen Presentation
• The Immune System in Concert
• Laboratory Investigations of the Immune System
• Clinical Immunodeficiency
• Type I (Immediate) Hypersensitivity and Allergic Disease
• Autoimmune Disease
• Organ Rejection in Clinical Transplantation
• Immune-Based Therapies
• 9 Water, electrolytes and acid–base balance
• Water and Electrolytes
• Acid–Base Disorders
• Further reading
• Bibliography
• 10 Nutrition
• Introduction
• Water and Electrolyte Balance
• Dietary Requirements
• Protein–Energy Malnutrition
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Nutrition and Ageing
• Obesity
• Nutritional Support
• Food Allergy and Food Intolerance
• Alcohol
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• Section 3 Clinical practice
• 11 Infectious diseases and tropical medicine
• Infection and Infectious Disease
• Viral Infections
• Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (Prion Diseases)
• Bacterial Infections
• Fungal Infections
• Protozoal Infections
• Helminthic Infections
• Arthropod Ectoparasites
• 12 Sexually transmitted infections and human immunodeficiency virus
• Sexually Transmitted Infections
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• Bibliography
• 13 Gastrointestinal disease
• Introduction
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Gastrointestinal Disease
• The Mouth
• The Salivary Glands
• The Pharynx and Oesophagus
• The Stomach and Duodenum
• Acute and Chronic Gastrointestinal Bleeding
• The Small Intestine
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease
• The Colon and Rectum
• Diarrhoea
• Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
• The Acute Abdomen
• The Peritoneum
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 14 Liver disease
• Introduction
• Anatomy of the Liver and Biliary System
• Functions of the Liver
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Liver Disease
• Jaundice
• Hepatitis
• Acute Hepatic Failure
• Autoimmune Hepatitis
• Drug-Induced Chronic Hepatitis
• Chronic Hepatitis of Unknown Cause
• Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
• Cirrhosis
• Alcoholic Liver Disease
• Budd–Chiari Syndrome
• Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome
• Fibropolycystic Diseases
• Liver Abscess
• Other Infections of the Liver
• Liver Disease in Pregnancy
• Liver Tumours
• Miscellaneous Conditions of the Liver
• Drugs and the Liver
• Bibliography
• 15 Biliary tract and pancreatic disease
• The Gall Bladder and Biliary System
• The Pancreas
• 16 Haematological disease
• The Red Cell
• The Spleen
• Blood Transfusion
• The White Cell
• Haemostasis and Thrombosis
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 17 Malignant disease
• Cancer Treatment
• Acute Oncology
• Haematological Malignancies
• Common Solid Tumour Treatment
• 18 Rheumatic disease
• Introduction
• Anatomy and Physiology of the Normal Joint
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Rheumatic Disease
• Common Regional Musculoskeletal Problems
• Chronic Pain Syndromes
• Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for Musculoskeletal Problems
• Disorders of collagen
• Osteoarthritis
• Inflammatory Arthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Infections of Joints
• Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases
• Systemic Inflammatory Vasculitis
• Arthritis in Children
• Rheumatological Problems Seen in Other Diseases
• Miscellaneous Arthropathies
• 19 Bone disease
• Anatomy and Physiology of Bone
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Bone Disease
• Osteoporosis
• Osteonecrosis
• Paget’s Disease of Bone
• Rickets and Osteomalacia
• Bone Infections
• Neoplastic Disease Of Bone
• Other Bone Disorders
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 20 Kidney and urinary tract disease
• Anatomy and Physiology of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Kidney and Urinary Tract Disease
• The Glomerulus and Glomerular Disease
• Kidney Involvement in Other Diseases
• Hypertension and the Kidney
• Other Vascular Disorders of the Kidney
• Renal Calculi and Nephrocalcinosis
• Urinary Tract Obstruction
• Drugs and the Kidney
• Urinary Tract Infection
• Tubulointerstitial Nephritis
• Acute Kidney Injury
• Chronic Kidney Disease
• Cystic Renal Disease
• Tumours of the Kidney and Genitourinary Tract
• Diseases of the Prostate Gland
• The Urinary Tract in the Elderly
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 21 Neurological disease
• Introduction
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Neurological Disease
• Functional Neuroanatomy
• Cranial Nerves
• Motor Control Systems
• Lower Motor Neurone Lesions
• Sensory Pathways and Pain
• Bladder Control and Sexual Dysfunction
• Investigation of Neurological Disease
• Unconsciousness and Coma
• Stroke
• Intracranial haemorrhage
• Headache, Migraine and Facial Pain
• Epilepsy and Loss of Consciousness
• Movement Disorders
• Neuroinflammatory Disorders
• Nervous System Infection
• Brain Tumours
• Hydrocephalus
• Traumatic Brain Injury
• Spinal Cord Disease
• Neurodegenerative Diseases
• Congenital Disorders
• Neurogenetic Disorders
• Paraneoplastic Syndromes
• Peripheral Nerve Disease
• Muscle Diseases
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 22 Psychological medicine
• Introduction
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with a Psychiatric Disorder
• Classification of Psychiatric Disorders
• Aetiology of Psychiatric Disorders
• Psychiatric Aspects of Physical Diseases
• The Sick Role and Illness Behaviour
• Functional Somatic Syndromes
• Somatoform Disorders
• Dissociative/Conversion Disorders
• Sleep Difficulties
• Mood (Affective) Disorders
• Suicide and Self-Harm
• Anxiety Disorders
• Alcohol Misuse and Dependence
• Drug Misuse and Dependence
• Schizophrenia
• Organic Mental Disorders
• Eating Disorders
• Sexual Disorders
• Personality Disorders
• Involuntary Detention or Commitment
• Mental Capacity Act
• Further reading
• Significant websites
• 23 Cardiovascular disease
• Cardiac Arrhythmias
• Heart Failure
• Coronary Artery Disease
• Valvular Heart Disease
• Infective Endocarditis
• Congenital Heart Disease
• Marfan Syndrome
• Pulmonary Heart Disease
• Myocardial and Endocardial Disease
• Pericardial Disease
• Systemic Hypertension
• Peripheral Vascular Disease
• Significant websites
• 24 Respiratory disease
• Introduction
• Anatomy of the Respiratory System
• Physiology of the Respiratory System
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Respiratory Disease
• Smoking
• Diseases of the Upper Respiratory Tract
• Diseases of the Lower Respiratory Tract
• Asthma
• Pneumonia
• Tuberculosis
• Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases
• Occupational Lung Disease
• Lung Cysts
• Tumours of the Respiratory Tract
• Disorders of the Chest Wall and Pleura
• Disorders of the Diaphragm
• Mediastinal Lesions
• Significant websites
• 25 Critical care medicine
• Introduction
• Clinical Approach to the Critically Ill Patient
• Applied Cardiorespiratory Physiology
• Disturbances of Acid–Base Balance
• Shock, Sepsis and Acute Disturbances of Haemodynamic Function
• Respiratory Failure
• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
• Acute Kidney Injury
• Neurocritical Care
• Outcomes
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 26 Endocrine disease
• Introduction
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Endocrine Disease
• The Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus
• The Thyroid Axis
• Reproduction and Sex
• The Adrenal Axis
• The Thirst Axis
• Disorders of Calcium Metabolism
• Other Endocrine Disorders
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 27 Diabetes mellitus
• Introduction
• Classification of Diabetes
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Diabetes
• Management of Diabetes
• Diabetic Metabolic Emergencies
• Complications of Diabetes
• Special Situations in Diabetes
• Hypoglycaemia in the Non-Diabetic Patient
• Significant websites
• 28 Lipid and metabolic disorders
• Disorders of Lipid Metabolism
• Inborn Errors of Carbohydrate Metabolism
• Inborn Errors of Amino Acid Metabolism
• Lysosomal Storage Diseases
• Amyloidosis
• The Porphyrias
• Bibliography
• Significant websites
• 29 Women’s health
• Introduction
• The Life Course Approach
• Miscarriage
• Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
• Abortion/Termination of Pregnancy
• Urinary Incontinence
• Domestic Abuse and Violence
• Medical Problems in Pregnancy
• Prescribing in Pregnancy
• 30 Ear, nose and throat and eye disease
• Disorders of the Ear
• Disorders of the Nose
• Disorders of the Throat
• Disorders of the Eye
• 31 Skin disease
• Introduction
• Structure and Function of the Skin
• Clinical Approach to the Patient with Skin Disease
• Infections
• Papulo-Squamous/Inflammatory Rashes
• Facial Rashes
• Photodermatology
• Erythroderma
• Cutaneous Signs of Systemic Disease
• Bullous Disease
• Skin Tumours
• Disorders of Blood Vessels and Lymphatics
• Disorders of Collagen and Elastic Tissue
• Disorders of Pigmentation
• Disorders of the Nails
• Disorders of Hair
• Birth Marks/Neonatal Rashes
• Drug Eruptions
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the Skin
• Principles of Topical Therapy
• Bibliography
• Significant Websites
• Index