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• Instructions for online access
• Cover Image
• Dedication
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Drug Dosage and Nomenclature
• Section 1 General Principles
• Chapter 1 Principles of Pharmacology and Mechanisms of Drug Action
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• STUDYING PHARMACOLOGY
• RECEPTORS AND RECEPTOR-MEDIATED MECHANISMS
• PROPERTIES OF DRUG ACTION
• TOLERANCE TO DRUG EFFECTS
• GENETIC VARIATION IN DRUG RESPONSES
• SUMMARY
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 2 Pharmacokinetics
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• THE BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS
• ABSORPTION
• DISTRIBUTION
• ELIMINATION
• THE MATHEMATICAL BASIS OF CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS
• PHARMACOKINETICS OF BIOLOGICAL DRUGS
• GENETIC VARIATION AND PHARMACOKINETICS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 3 Drug Discovery, Safety and Efficacy
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• DRUG DISCOVERY
• DRUG APPROVAL
• ESTABLISHING SAFETY AND EFFICACY
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 4 Neurotransmission and the Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• THE CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS
• PRINCIPLES OF NEUROTRANSMISSION
• THE PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AND CHOLINERGIC TRANSMISSION
• OTHER TRANSMITTERS IN THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 2 The Cardiovascular System
• Chapter 5 Ischaemic Heart Disease
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION
• CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF MYOCARDIAL ISCHAEMIA
• DRUGS FOR TREATING ANGINA
• MANAGEMENT OF STABLE ANGINA
• MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 6 Systemic and Pulmonary Hypertension
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• SYSTEMIC HYPERTENSION
• ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS
• PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• CASE-BASED QUESTION
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 7 Heart Failure and Shock
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• MAINTENANCE OF CARDIAC OUTPUT
• PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HEART FAILURE
• SHOCK
• INOTROPIC AND SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE AND SHOCK
• MANAGEMENT OF HEART FAILURE
• MANAGEMENT OF SHOCK
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 8 Cardiac Arrhythmias
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• BASIC CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
• MECHANISMS OF TACHYARRHYTHMOGENESIS
• MECHANISMS OF ACTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS
• DRUG TREATMENT OF ARRHYTHMIAS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 9 Cerebrovascular Disease and Dementia
• Chapter Outline
• STROKE
• SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE
• DEMENTIA
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 10 Peripheral Artery Disease
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• ATHEROMATOUS PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE
• ACUTE AND CRITICAL LIMB ISCHAEMIA
• RAYNAUD’S PHENOMENON
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 11 Haemostasis
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PLATELETS AND PLATELET AGGREGATION
• BLOOD COAGULATION AND THE COAGULATION CASCADE
• ANTIPLATELET DRUGS
• CLINICAL USES OF ANTIPLATELET DRUGS
• ANTICOAGULANT DRUGS
• CLINICAL USES OF ANTICOAGULANTS
• THE FIBRINOLYTIC SYSTEM
• CLINICAL USES OF ANTIFIBRINOLYTIC AND HAEMOSTATIC AGENTS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 3 The Respiratory System
• Chapter 12 Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• ASTHMA
• CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
• DRUGS FOR ASTHMA AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
• MANAGEMENT OF ASTHMA
• MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 13 Respiratory Disorders: Cough, Respiratory Stimulants, Cystic Fibrosis, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• COUGH
• RESPIRATORY STIMULANTS (ANALEPTIC DRUGS)
• CYSTIC FIBROSIS
• IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS
• NEONATAL RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 4 The Renal System
• Chapter 14 Diuretics
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• FUNCTIONS OF THE KIDNEY
• DIURETIC DRUGS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 15 Disorders of Micturition
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF MICTURITION
• OVERACTIVE BLADDER AND URGE URINARY INCONTINENCE
• HYPOTONIC BLADDER
• URETHRAL SPHINCTER INCOMPETENCE
• LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS IN MEN AND BENIGN PROSTATE ENLARGEMENT
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 16 Erectile Dysfunction
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PHYSIOLOGY OF ERECTION
• DRUGS FOR ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
• MANAGEMENT OF ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION
• PREMATURE EJACULATION
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 5 The Nervous System
• Chapter 17 General Anaesthetics
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF GENERAL ANAESTHETICS
• DRUGS USED IN ANAESTHESIA
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 18 Local Anaesthetics
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PHARMACOLOGY
• TECHNIQUES OF ADMINISTRATION
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 19 Opioid Analgesics and the Management of Pain
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PAIN AND PAIN PERCEPTION
• ANALGESIC DRUGS
• PAIN MANAGEMENT
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 20 Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Insomnia
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• ANXIETY DISORDERS
• OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER
• INSOMNIA
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 21 Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• SCHIZOPHRENIA
• ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS
• MANIA AND BIPOLAR DISORDER
• MOOD-STABILISING DRUGS FOR BIPOLAR DISORDER
• MANAGEMENT OF BIPOLAR DISORDER
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 22 Depression, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Narcolepsy
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• DEPRESSION
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• Chapter 23 Seizures and Epilepsy
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PATHOLOGICAL BASIS OF SEIZURES AND EPILEPSY
• MANAGEMENT OF EPILEPSY
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• Chapter 24 Extrapyramidal Movement Disorders and Spasticity
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• THE BASAL GANGLIA AND CONTROL OF MOTOR FUNCTION
• PARKINSON’S DISEASE AND RELATED SYNDROMES
• DRUGS FOR PARKINSON’S DISEASE
• MANAGEMENT OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE AND RELATED SYNDROMES
• OTHER INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENT DISORDERS (DYSKINESIAS)
• MANAGEMENT OF DYSKINESIAS AND DYSTONIAS
• SPASTICITY
• MANAGEMENT OF SPASTICITY
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 25 Other Neurological Disorders: Multiple Sclerosis, Motor Neuron Disease and Guillain–Barré Syndrome
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
• MOTOR NEURON DISEASE
• GUILLAIN–BARRÉ SYNDROME
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 26 Migraine and Other Headaches
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• MIGRAINE
• PATHOGENESIS OF MIGRAINE
• DRUGS FOR MIGRAINE
• MANAGEMENT OF MIGRAINE AND OTHER HEADACHES
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 6 The Musculoskeletal System
• Chapter 27 The Neuromuscular Junction and Neuromuscular Blockade
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• NEUROMUSCULAR TRANSMISSION
• DRUGS ACTING AT THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
• INDICATIONS FOR NEUROMUSCULAR-BLOCKING DRUGS
• ANTAGONISING NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCK
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 28 Myasthenia Gravis
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE (AChE) INHIBITORS
• MANAGEMENT OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS
• LAMBERT–EATON MYASTHENIC SYNDROME
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 29 Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• THE ROLE OF CYCLOOXYGENASE ENZYMES IN THE ACTIONS OF NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS
• NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDs)
• INDICATIONS FOR USING NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 30 Rheumatoid Arthritis, Other Inflammatory Arthritides and Osteoarthritis
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
• OTHER TYPES OF INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS: THE SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES
• DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS
• MANAGEMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
• MANAGEMENT OF SPONDYLOARTHROPATHIES
• OSTEOARTHRITIS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 31 Hyperuricaemia, Gout and Pseudogout
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF GOUT
• DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF GOUT AND PREVENTION OF HYPERURICAEMIA
• TREATMENT OF GOUT
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 7 The Gastrointestinal System
• Chapter 32 Nausea and Vomiting
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• NAUSEA AND VOMITING
• VERTIGO
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 33 Dyspepsia, Peptic Ulcer Disease and Gastrooesophageal Reflux Disease
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• THE SPECTRUM OF DISEASE
• CONTROL OF GASTRIC ACID SECRETION
• DRUGS FOR TREATING DYSPEPSIA, PEPTIC ULCER AND GASTROOESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
• MANAGEMENT OF DYSPEPSIA, PEPTIC ULCER AND GASTROOESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 34 Inflammatory Bowel Disease
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
• DRUGS FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
• MANAGEMENT OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 35 Constipation, Diarrhoea and Irritable Bowel Syndrome
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• CONSTIPATION
• DIARRHOEA
• IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 36 Liver Disease
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• ACUTE LIVER FAILURE
• CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE AND LIVER CIRRHOSIS
• AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS
• PRIMARY BILIARY CHOLANGITIS
• CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS
• COMPLICATIONS OF DECOMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 37 Obesity
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PATHOGENESIS OF OBESITY
• DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF OBESITY
• MANAGEMENT OF OBESITY
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 8 The Immune System
• Chapter 38 The Immune Response and Immunosuppressant Drugs
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
• IMMUNOSUPPRESSANT DRUGS
• IMMUNOSUPPRESSION IN INFLAMMATORY AND AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
• IMMUNOSUPPRESSION IN ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION
• LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 39 Antihistamines and Allergic Disease
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• ATOPY, ALLERGIC DISORDERS AND ANAPHYLAXIS
• HISTAMINE AS AN AUTACOID IN HOST DEFENCE
• HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS (ANTIHISTAMINES)
• MECHANISMS OF ACTION AND EFFECTS
• MANAGEMENT OF ALLERGIC DISORDERS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 9 The Endocrine System and Metabolism
• Chapter 40 Diabetes Mellitus
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• CONTROL OF BLOOD GLUCOSE
• DIABETES MELLITUS
• INSULIN AND INSULIN ANALOGUES FOR TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS
• OTHER PARENTERAL GLUCOSE-LOWERING DRUGS
• ORAL GLUCOSE-LOWERING DRUGS
• DRUGS TO INCREASE PLASMA GLUCOSE LEVELS
• MANAGEMENT OF TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS
• MANAGEMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 41 The Thyroid and Control of Metabolic Rate
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• THYROID FUNCTION
• THYROTOXICOSIS
• HYPOTHYROIDISM
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 42 Calcium Metabolism and Metabolic Bone Disease
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PHYSIOLOGY OF BONE TURNOVER
• HYPERCALCAEMIA
• HYPOCALCAEMIA
• METABOLIC BONE DISEASE
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 43 Pituitary and Hypothalamic Hormones
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• ANTERIOR PITUITARY AND RELATED HYPOTHALAMIC HORMONES
• POSTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES
• HYPOPITUITARISM
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 44 Corticosteroids (Glucocorticoids and Mineralocorticoids)
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• CORTICOSTEROID HORMONES
• GLUCOCORTICOIDS
• MINERALOCORTICOIDS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 45 Female Reproduction
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PHYSIOLOGY OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
• PHYSIOLOGY OF PREGNANCY
• STEROIDAL CONTRACEPTIVES
• THE MENOPAUSE
• PREGNANCY AND LABOUR
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 46 Androgens, Antiandrogens and Anabolic Steroids
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• ANDROGENS AND ANABOLIC STEROIDS
• ANABOLIC STEROIDS
• ANTIANDROGENS
• 5α-REDUCTASE INHIBITORS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 47 Anaemia and Haematopoietic Colony-Stimulating Factors
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• ANAEMIA
• NEUTROPENIA
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 48 Lipid Disorders
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS
• FORMATION OF ATHEROMA
• DRUGS FOR HYPERLIPIDAEMIAS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 10 The Skin and Eyes
• Chapter 49 Skin Disorders
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• VEHICLES FOR TOPICAL SKIN APPLICATIONS
• ATOPIC AND CONTACT DERMATITIS
• PSORIASIS
• ACNE VULGARIS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 50 The Eye
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• TOPICAL APPLICATION OF DRUGS TO THE EYE
• MYDRIATIC AND CYCLOPLEGIC DRUGS
• GLAUCOMA
• OTHER DRUGS ADMINISTERED TOPICALLY TO THE EYE
• DRY EYE SYNDROME
• AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
• DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 11 Antimicrobial Therapy
• Chapter 51 Drugs for Infections
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
• FUNGAL INFECTIONS
• VIRAL INFECTIONS
• PROTOZOAL INFECTIONS
• HELMINTHIC INFECTIONS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 12 Cancer
• Chapter 52 Drugs for Cancer
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• THE BIOLOGY OF CANCER
• CYTOTOXIC ANTICANCER DRUGS
• MECHANISMS OF ACTION
• SPECIFIC CYTOTOXIC ANTICANCER DRUGS
• TARGETED ANTICANCER DRUGS
• CLINICAL USES OF ANTICANCER DRUGS
• ANTICANCER DRUG THERAPY FOR SPECIFIC MALIGNANCIES
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Section 13 General Features: Toxicity and Prescribing
• Chapter 53 Drug Toxicity and Overdose
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• DRUG TOXICITY AND ADVERSE EFFECTS
• SELF-POISONING AND DRUG OVERDOSE
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 54 Substance Abuse and Dependence
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• THE BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF DEPENDENCE
• DRUGS OF ABUSE
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 55 Prescribing, Adherence and Information About Medicines
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• DUTIES OF THE PRESCRIBER
• GENERIC PRESCRIBING
• DOSAGE
• ADHERENCE, CONCORDANCE AND COMPLIANCE
• INFORMING PEOPLE ABOUT THEIR MEDICINES
• RATIONAL PRESCRIBING
• THE PRESCRIBING SAFETY ASSESSMENT (PSA)
• FURTHER READING
• Chapter 56 Drug Therapy in Special Situations
• Abstract
• Chapter Outline
• PRESCRIBING IN PREGNANCY
• DRUGS AND BREASTFEEDING
• PRESCRIBING FOR CHILDREN
• PRESCRIBING FOR OLDER PEOPLE
• PRESCRIBING IN RENAL FAILURE
• PRESCRIBING IN LIVER DISEASE
• PRESCRIBING IN PALLIATIVE CARE
• DRUG INTERACTIONS
• SELF-ASSESSMENT
• ANSWERS
• FURTHER READING
• Index