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• Cover
• Title Page
• Contents
• Preface to the Third Edition
• List of Abbreviations
• Table of Cases
• 1. What Constitution? A Rose by Any Other Name
• 2. An Elephant That Cannot Be Defined? What the EU Is, and Is Not
• I. Introduction
• II. Historical Development
• III. The Union Today
• IV. State-like Features
• V. Non-state-like Features
• 3. Marking the Territory: Principles Governing Union Competences
• I. Introduction
• II. Basic Treaty Provisions on Competence
• III. Articles 114 and 352 TFEU
• IV. The Principle of Subsidiarity
• 4. Who Is the Boss? In Search of a Master of the Treaties
• I. Introduction
• II. Procedures for Amending the Treaties
• III. Creeping Competences?
• IV. The Ties that Bind
• 5. Looking Past the Trees to See the Wood: Construing a Hierarchy of Norms
• I. Introduction
• II. Foundations of the Union Legal Order
• III. Primary Law
• IV. International Law
• V. Secondary Law and other Acts of the Institutions
• 6. Into the Estuaries and up the Rivers: Union Law in the National Legal Orders of the Member States
• I. Introduction
• II. Primacy
• III. Conformity through Interpretation
• IV. Direct Applicability and Direct Effect
• V. The Relevance of National Law for Union Law
• 7. A Lot More than Brussels Bureaucrats: The Institutional Framework
• I. Introduction
• II. The Union’s Institutions
• III. Union Regulatory and Administrative Bodies
• IV. Institutions and Bodies of the Member States
• 8. A Suprematist Composition? Differentiation and Flexibility
• I. Introduction
• II. Differentiation in Primary Law
• III. Enhanced Cooperation
• 9. What Deficit? The EU System of Democracy
• I. Introduction
• II. General Considerations
• III. The Political Institutions
• IV. Participatory, Deliberative and Substantive Democracy
• 10. Civis Europeus Sum: The Evolving Concept of Union Citizenship
• I. General
• II. Pie in the Sky?
• III. Who is a Union Citizen?
• IV. The Right to Move and to Reside
• V. From Movement to Citizenship and Beyond
• 11. Taking Rights More Seriously? The EU System of Fundamental Rights
• I. General
• II. Field of Application
• III. Sources and Material Scope
• IV. Non-discrimination
• V. Direct Effect
• 12. Broadening Horizons? The Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
• I. General
• II. Border Checks, Asylum and Immigration
• III. Judicial Cooperation in Civil Matters
• IV. Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters
• V. Police Cooperation
• 13. The Internal Market: Liberal, Social or Green?
• I. Introduction
• II. The Economic Free Movement Rights
• III. The Social Dimension
• IV. Environment
• 14. Building a House by Starting with the Roof ? Economic and Monetary Policy
• I. Introduction
• II. Monetary Policy
• III. Economic and Fiscal Surveillance
• IV. The Stability Mechanisms
• V. Banking Union
• VI. Built to Last?
• 15. EU External Relations: An Elephant Trumpeting Loud and Clear or a Gaggle of Geese?
• I. General
• II. Institutional Framework for External Action
• III. Union Competences and their Use
• IV. The Union and the Member States
• V. Security and Defence
• 16. Covenants of No Strength to Secure A Man At All? Issues of Enforcement and Control
• I. Introduction
• II. Control of Union Institutions and Bodies
• III. The Role of Member States’ Courts and Authorities
• 17. The Elephant in the Room? Concluding Remarks
• Index
• Copyright Page