Description
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- Cover-Page
- Half-Title
- Series
- Title
- Copyright
- Contents
- Figures and Tables
- Preface
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Introduction
- Where Qualitative Methods Meet Quantitative Methods
- Ethics in Qualitative Research
- Structure of this Text
- 1 Ontology, Epistemology: Paradigms and Parameters for Qualitative Approaches to Tourism Research
- The Nature of Qualitative Research
- Qualitative vs Quantitative Research
- The Lexicons of Qualitative and Quantitative Research
- What Do We Mean ‘Paradigm’?
- Some Perspectives on the Components of a Qualitative Research Paradigm
- A Note on ‘Mixed Methods’
- The Relevance for Tourism Research
- Conclusion
- 2 A Grounded Theory Approach to Tourism
- Overview of Grounded Theory and Background to its Common Usage
- Research Contexts
- Grounded Theory in Practice
- Some Final Thoughts
- 3 Ethnographic Approaches to Tourism Research
- What is Ethnography?
- Ethnographic Fieldwork
- Ethnographic Writing: Process and Product
- The Complexities of Doing Ethnography: Considering Issues of Subjectivity and Objectivity
- Ethnography in Tourism Studies
- Types of Ethnographic Research
- Conclusion
- 4 Phenomenology in Leisure and Tourism Research
- Phenomenology: The Study of Lived Experiences
- Research Processes and Presentation
- Phenomenology as a Method for Studying Tourism and Leisure Experiences
- Case Study: ‘What it is Like to be a Surfer Girl’: Interpretive Phenomenology for Investigating Women’s Surfing Experiences
- Final Thoughts
- 5 Action Research and Tourism Studies
- Overview of Action Research and Background to its Common Usage
- Engaging in Action Research
- Cyclic Processes of Action Research
- Research Contexts
- Determining Quality in Action Research
- Conclusion
- 6 Participant Observation in Cross-Cultural Tourism Research
- Observation, Participant-Observation and Naturalistic Inquiry
- Naturalistic Inquiry and Participant-Observation
- Membership and Cross-Cultural Tourism Research: Inconsistencies and Conflicts
- A New Model of Research Partnering for Cross-Cultural Tourism Research
- Case Study: Application of the Model to an Indigenous Tourism Research Context
- Conclusion
- 7 Aligning Western and Indigenous Ways of Doing Tourism Research: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Approach
- Indigenous Epistemologies, Ontologies and Axiologies: The Natures of Knowing, Being and Values
- Partnering, Participation and Benefit Sharing
- Ownership of Knowledge and Informed Consent
- Indigenous Ways of Doing Research
- Synthesising a Framework for Indigenous Research
- Aligning Indigenous and Western Research
- ‘Am I Doing it Right?’: A Constructivist–Interpretive Paradigm Informed by Indigenous Research Perspectives
- Conclusion
- 8 Qualitative Tourism Research: Focus Groups
- What Are Focus Groups?
- Purpose of Focus Groups
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Focus Groups for Qualitative Data Collection
- Role of the Facilitator
- Focus Group Participants
- Group Composition
- Conducting a Focus Group
- Why Use Focus Groups in Tourism?
- Case Study: Mindful Memories: Using Focus Groups to Gather Data in Transformative Heritage Tourism Experiences
- Conclusion
- 9 The Interview in Tourism Research
- Talking to People
- The Value of Talking to People in Tourism Research
- Structured, semi-structured and unstructured (in-depth) interviews
- Tourism-Related People
- Interviews and Stakeholder Research
- Interviews and Technology
- Case Study: Interviewing in Action: Understanding a Controversial Tourist Development
- Tacking Back and Forth: The Interview Process
- Concluding Remarks on the Limits of the Interview Method
- 10 A Mixed Methods Approach in Tourism Research
- Philosophies of Mixed Methods Research
- Classifying Mixed Methods Research
- A Review of Mixed Methods Tourism Research
- Case Study: A Mixed Methods Approach in Tourism Research
- A Concurrent Nested Mixed Methods Design
- Research Design
- Conclusion
- 11 Image Use in Tourism Research Methodology
- Theories on Destination and Activity Choice in Tourism
- The Use of Visual Methods in Tourism Research
- The Development of a Photo-based Ranking-Sorting Procedure
- Mixing Methods
- Case Study: An Application of the Photo-based Ranking-Sorting Procedure in a Tourism Project
- Results
- Discussion and Conclusion
- 12 Conclusion
- Index




