Efnisyfirlit

• Instructions for online access
• Cover image
• Title Page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Preface to the fourth edition
• 1 Introduction
• What is clinical communication?
• What is ‘good’ communication?
• Why is communication important?
• Developing clinical communication skills
• What is the evidence for the effectiveness of clinical communication training?
• Your learning
• How to use this book
• Key points
• References
• 2 Core skills in clinical communication
• The doctor–patient relationship
• Factors that affect communication in medical settings
• The setting of the consultation
• Beginning a consultation
• The main part of the consultation
• Asking questions
• Listening
• Facilitation
• Clarification
• Reflection
• Silence
• Empathy
• Touch
• Communication during the physical examination
• Signposting
• Summarising
• Ending a consultation
• Key points
• References
• 3 Gathering information
• An overview of the doctor–patient consultation
• The medical history
• Beginning a consultation: establishing rapport
• Gathering information for a medical history
• The structure of a medical history
• Writing up the medical history
• Variations of the medical history
• Some practical hints
• Presenting a patient’s medical history
• Common concerns about meeting patients as a student
• Key points
• References
• 4 Discussing sensitive topics
• Which topics are difficult to discuss?
• Broaching a sensitive topic
• Discussing a sensitive topic
• Being aware of what the situation means for the patient
• Talking about sex
• When to talk about sex
• Key points
• References
• 5 Sharing information
• Preparing to share information
• Sharing information during the consultation
• Discussing uncertainty and risk
• Written information
• Key points
• References
• 6 Shared decision making
• Patient autonomy in decision making
• What is shared decision making?
• When is shared decision making used?
• Preparing for a decision-making consultation
• Supporting decision making during the consultation
• The importance of support
• Key points
• References
• 7 Breaking bad news
• What is bad news?
• What is difficult about sharing bad news?
• Preparing to break bad news
• Sharing bad news
• ‘What to do if…’
• Key points
• References
• 8 Communication with a patient’s family
• Initial observations
• Identifying family members
• The family’s influence on care and treatment
• Working with couples
• Confidentiality
• Secrets
• Responding to concerns and fears
• Key points for communicating with a patient’s family
• Key points
• References
• 9 Communicating with children and young people
• What to consider when communicating with children and young people
• Communication with young patients at different ages
• The physical environment
• Introductions
• Gathering information
• Examining a young patient
• Responding to a young patient’s feelings
• Involving young patients in decisions
• Reluctance to take treatment
• Separation, isolation and chronic illness
• Breaking bad news to young patients
• Key points
• References
• 10 Communicating with people from different cultural backgrounds
• When do we notice cultural differences?
• The role of culture in the doctor–patient relationship
• Exploring a person’s preferences
• Perceptions of illness, care and treatment
• Language
• Communication strategies for discussing cross-cultural issues
• Key points
• References
• 11 Diversity in communication
• Communicating with people who have a learning disability
• Communicating with transgender patients
• Communicating with older patients
• Key points
• References
• 12 Communicating about medical error
• Making mistakes in everyday life
• Mistakes in medical practice
• Causes of medical mistakes
• What should you do when you have made a mistake?
• Complaints
• Litigation
• Key points
• References
• Index