Efnisyfirlit

• COVER
• PREFACE
• LIST OF SYMBOLS
• CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
• 1.1 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
• 1.2 MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
• 1.3 WHY STUDY MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING?
• 1.4 CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS
• 1.5 ADVANCED MATERIALS
• 1.6 MODERN MATERIALS’ NEEDS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 2: ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND INTERATOMIC BONDING
• 2.1 INTRODUCTION
• ATOMIC STRUCTURE
• 2.2 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
• 2.3 ELECTRONS IN ATOMS
• 2.4 THE PERIODIC TABLE
• ATOMIC BONDING IN SOLIDS
• 2.5 BONDING FORCES AND ENERGIES
• 2.6 PRIMARY INTERATOMIC BONDS
• 2.7 SECONDARY BONDING OR VAN DER WAALS BONDING
• 2.8 MIXED BONDING
• 2.9 MOLECULES
• 2.10 BONDING TYPE-MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION CORRELATIONS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 3: THE STRUCTURE OF CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
• 3.1 INTRODUCTION
• CRYSTAL STRUCTURES
• 3.2 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS
• 3.3 UNIT CELLS
• 3.4 METALLIC CRYSTAL STRUCTURES
• 3.5 DENSITY COMPUTATIONS
• 3.6 POLYMORPHISM AND ALLOTROPY
• 3.7 CRYSTAL SYSTEMS
• CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC POINTS, DIRECTIONS, AND PLANES
• 3.8 CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC POINTS
• 3.9 CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC DIRECTIONS
• 3.10 CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC PLANES
• 3.11 LINEAR AND PLANAR DENSITIES
• 3.12 CLOSE-PACKED CRYSTAL STRUCTURES
• CRYSTALLINE AND NONCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS
• 3.13 SINGLE CRYSTALS
• 3.14 POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS
• 3.15 ANISOTROPY
• 3.16 X-RAY DIFFRACTION: DETERMINATION OF CRYSTAL STRUCTURES
• 3.17 NONCRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 4: IMPERFECTIONS IN SOLIDS
• 4.1 INTRODUCTION
• POINT DEFECTS
• 4.2 VACANCIES AND SELF-INTERSTITIALS
• 4.3 IMPURITIES IN SOLIDS
• 4.4 SPECIFICATION OF COMPOSITION
• MISCELLANEOUS IMPERFECTIONS
• 4.5 DISLOCATIONS—LINEAR DEFECTS
• 4.6 INTERFACIAL DEFECTS
• 4.7 BULK OR VOLUME DEFECTS
• 4.8 ATOMIC VIBRATIONS
• MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION
• 4.9 BASIC CONCEPTS OF MICROSCOPY
• 4.10 MICROSCOPIC TECHNIQUES
• 4.11 GRAIN-SIZE DETERMINATION
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 5: DIFFUSION
• 5.1 INTRODUCTION
• 5.2 DIFFUSION MECHANISMS
• 5.3 FICK’S FIRST LAW
• 5.4 FICK’S SECOND LAW—NONSTEADY-STATE DIFFUSION
• 5.5 FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE DIFFUSION
• 5.6 DIFFUSION IN SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS7
• 5.7 OTHER DIFFUSION PATHS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 6: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS
• 6.1 INTRODUCTION
• 6.2 CONCEPTS OF STRESS AND STRAIN
• ELASTIC DEFORMATION
• 6.3 STRESS–STRAIN BEHAVIOR
• 6.4 ANELASTICITY
• 6.5 ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
• PLASTIC DEFORMATION
• 6.6 TENSILE PROPERTIES
• 6.7 TRUE STRESS AND STRAIN
• 6.8 ELASTIC RECOVERY AFTER PLASTIC DEFORMATION
• 6.9 COMPRESSIVE, SHEAR, AND TORSIONAL DEFORMATIONS
• 6.10 HARDNESS
• PROPERTY VARIABILITY AND DESIGN/SAFETY FACTORS
• 6.11 VARIABILITY OF MATERIAL PROPERTIES
• 6.12 DESIGN/SAFETY FACTORS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 7: DISLOCATIONS AND STRENGTHENING MECHANISMS
• 7.1 INTRODUCTION
• 7.2 BASIC CONCEPTS
• 7.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF DISLOCATIONS
• 7.4 SLIP SYSTEMS
• 7.5 SLIP IN SINGLE CRYSTALS
• 7.6 PLASTIC DEFORMATION OF POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS
• 7.7 DEFORMATION BY TWINNING
• MECHANISMS OF STRENGTHENING IN METALS
• 7.8 STRENGTHENING BY GRAIN SIZE REDUCTION
• 7.9 SOLID-SOLUTION STRENGTHENING
• 7.10 STRAIN HARDENING
• RECOVERY, RECRYSTALLIZATION, AND GRAIN GROWTH
• 7.11 RECOVERY
• 7.12 RECRYSTALLIZATION
• 7.13 GRAIN GROWTH
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 8: FAILURE
• 8.1 INTRODUCTION
• FRACTURE
• 8.2 FUNDAMENTALS OF FRACTURE
• 8.3 DUCTILE FRACTURE
• 8.4 BRITTLE FRACTURE
• 8.5 PRINCIPLES OF FRACTURE MECHANICS1
• 8.6 FRACTURE TOUGHNESS TESTING
• FATIGUE
• 8.7 CYCLIC STRESSES
• 8.8 THE S–N CURVE
• 8.9 CRACK INITIATION AND PROPAGATION10
• 8.10 FACTORS THAT AFFECT FATIGUE LIFE12
• 8.11 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
• CREEP
• 8.12 GENERALIZED CREEP BEHAVIOR
• 8.13 STRESS AND TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
• 8.14 DATA EXTRAPOLATION METHODS
• 8.15 ALLOYS FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE USE
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 9: PHASE DIAGRAMS
• 9.1 INTRODUCTION
• DEFINITIONS AND BASIC CONCEPTS
• 9.2 SOLUBILITY LIMIT
• 9.3 PHASES
• 9.4 MICROSTRUCTURE
• 9.5 PHASE EQUILIBRIA
• 9.6 ONE-COMPONENT (OR UNARY) PHASE DIAGRAMS
• BINARY PHASE DIAGRAMS
• 9.7 BINARY ISOMORPHOUS SYSTEMS
• 9.8 INTERPRETATION OF PHASE DIAGRAMS
• 9.9 DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURE IN ISOMORPHOUS ALLOYS
• 9.10 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ISOMORPHOUS ALLOYS
• 9.11 BINARY EUTECTIC SYSTEMS
• 9.12 DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURE IN EUTECTIC ALLOYS
• 9.13 EQUILIBRIUM DIAGRAMS HAVING INTERMEDIATE PHASES OR COMPOUNDS
• 9.14 EUTECTOID AND PERITECTIC REACTIONS
• 9.15 CONGRUENT PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
• 9.16 CERAMIC AND TERNARY PHASE DIAGRAMS
• 9.17 THE GIBBS PHASE RULE
• THE IRON–CARBON SYSTEM
• 9.18 THE IRON–IRON CARBIDE (FE–FE3C) PHASE DIAGRAM
• 9.19 DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURE IN IRON–CARBON ALLOYS
• 9.20 THE INFLUENCE OF OTHER ALLOYING ELEMENTS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 10: PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS: DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND ALTERATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
• 10.1 INTRODUCTION
• PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
• 10.2 BASIC CONCEPTS
• 10.3 THE KINETICS OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
• 10.4 METASTABLE VERSUS EQUILIBRIUM STATES
• MICROSTRUCTURAL AND PROPERTY CHANGES IN IRON–CARBON ALLOYS
• 10.5 ISOTHERMAL TRANSFORMATION DIAGRAMS
• 10.6 CONTINUOUS-COOLING TRANSFORMATION DIAGRAMS
• 10.7 MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF IRON–CARBON ALLOYS
• 10.8 TEMPERED MARTENSITE
• 10.9 REVIEW OF PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR IRON–CARBON ALLOYS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 11: APPLICATIONS AND PROCESSING OF METAL ALLOYS
• 11.1 INTRODUCTION
• TYPES OF METAL ALLOYS
• 11.2 FERROUS ALLOYS
• 11.3 NONFERROUS ALLOYS
• FABRICATION OF METALS
• 11.4 FORMING OPERATIONS
• 11.5 CASTING
• 11.6 MISCELLANEOUS TECHNIQUES
• 11.7 3D PRINTING (ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING)
• THERMAL PROCESSING OF METALS
• 11.8 ANNEALING PROCESSES
• 11.9 HEAT TREATMENT OF STEELS
• 11.10 PRECIPITATION HARDENING
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 12: STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS
• 12.1 INTRODUCTION
• CERAMIC STRUCTURES
• 12.2 CRYSTAL STRUCTURES
• 12.3 SILICATE CERAMICS
• 12.4 CARBON
• 12.5 IMPERFECTIONS IN CERAMICS
• 12.6 DIFFUSION IN IONIC MATERIALS
• 12.7 CERAMIC PHASE DIAGRAMS
• MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
• 12.8 BRITTLE FRACTURE OF CERAMICS
• 12.9 STRESS–STRAIN BEHAVIOR
• 12.10 MECHANISMS OF PLASTIC DEFORMATION
• 12.11 MISCELLANEOUS MECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 13: APPLICATIONS AND PROCESSING OF CERAMICS
• 13.1 INTRODUCTION
• TYPES AND APPLICATIONS OF CERAMICS
• 13.2 GLASSES
• 13.3 GLASS-CERAMICS
• 13.4 CLAY PRODUCTS
• 13.5 REFRACTORIES
• 13.6 ABRASIVES
• 13.7 CEMENTS
• 13.8 CERAMIC BIOMATERIALS
• 13.9 CARBONS
• 13.10 ADVANCED CERAMICS
• FABRICATION AND PROCESSING OF CERAMICS
• 13.11 FABRICATION AND PROCESSING OF GLASSES AND GLASS-CERAMICS
• 13.12 FABRICATION AND PROCESSING OF CLAY PRODUCTS
• 13.13 POWDER PRESSING
• 13.14 TAPE CASTING
• 13.15 3D PRINTING OF CERAMIC MATERIALS
• SUMMARY
• Important Terms and Concepts
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 14: POLYMER STRUCTURES
• 14.1 INTRODUCTION
• 14.2 HYDROCARBON MOLECULES
• 14.3 POLYMER MOLECULES
• 14.4 THE CHEMISTRY OF POLYMER MOLECULES
• 14.5 MOLECULAR WEIGHT
• 14.6 MOLECULAR SHAPE
• 14.7 MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
• 14.8 MOLECULAR CONFIGURATIONS
• 14.9 THERMOPLASTIC AND THERMOSETTING POLYMERS
• 14.10 COPOLYMERS
• 14.11 POLYMER CRYSTALLINITY
• 14.12 POLYMER CRYSTALS
• 14.13 DEFECTS IN POLYMERS
• 14.14 DIFFUSION IN POLYMERIC MATERIALS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 15: CHARACTERISTICS, APPLICATIONS, AND PROCESSING OF POLYMERS
• 15.1 INTRODUCTION
• MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF POLYMERS
• 15.2 STRESS–STRAIN BEHAVIOR
• 15.3 MACROSCOPIC DEFORMATION
• 15.4 VISCOELASTIC DEFORMATION
• 15.5 FRACTURE OF POLYMERS
• 15.6 MISCELLANEOUS MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS
• MECHANISMS OF DEFORMATION AND FOR STRENGTHENING OF POLYMERS
• 15.7 DEFORMATION OF SEMICRYSTALLINE POLYMERS
• 15.8 FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMICRYSTALLINE POLYMERS
• 15.9 DEFORMATION OF ELASTOMERS
• CRYSTALLIZATION, MELTING, AND GLASS-TRANSITION PHENOMENA IN POLYMERS
• 15.10 CRYSTALLIZATION
• 15.11 MELTING
• 15.12 THE GLASS TRANSITION
• 15.13 MELTING AND GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURES
• 15.14 FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE MELTING AND GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURES
• POLYMER TYPES
• 15.15 PLASTICS
• 15.16 ELASTOMERS
• 15.17 FIBERS
• 15.18 MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS
• 15.19 POLYMERIC BIOMATERIALS
• 15.20 ADVANCED POLYMERIC MATERIALS
• POLYMER SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING
• 15.21 POLYMERIZATION
• 15.22 POLYMER ADDITIVES
• 15.23 FORMING TECHNIQUES FOR PLASTICS
• 15.24 FABRICATION OF ELASTOMERS
• 15.25 FABRICATION OF FIBERS AND FILMS
• 15.26 3D PRINTING OF POLYMERS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 16: COMPOSITES
• 16.1 INTRODUCTION
• PARTICLE-REINFORCED COMPOSITES
• 16.2 LARGE-PARTICLE COMPOSITES
• 16.3 DISPERSION-STRENGTHENED COMPOSITES
• FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES
• 16.4 INFLUENCE OF FIBER LENGTH
• 16.5 INFLUENCE OF FIBER ORIENTATION AND CONCENTRATION
• 16.6 THE FIBER PHASE
• 16.7 THE MATRIX PHASE
• 16.8 POLYMER–MATRIX COMPOSITES
• 16.9 METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES
• 16.10 CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES
• 16.11 CARBON–CARBON COMPOSITES
• 16.12 HYBRID COMPOSITES
• 16.13 PROCESSING OF FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES
• STRUCTURAL COMPOSITES
• 16.14 LAMINAR COMPOSITES
• 16.15 SANDWICH PANELS
• 16.16 NANOCOMPOSITES
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 17: CORROSION AND DEGRADATION OF MATERIALS
• 17.1 INTRODUCTION
• CORROSION OF METALS
• 17.2 ELECTROCHEMICAL CONSIDERATIONS
• 17.3 CORROSION RATES
• 17.4 PREDICTION OF CORROSION RATES
• 17.5 PASSIVITY
• 17.6 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
• 17.7 FORMS OF CORROSION
• 17.8 CORROSION ENVIRONMENTS
• 17.9 CORROSION PREVENTION
• 17.10 OXIDATION
• CORROSION OF CERAMIC MATERIALS
• DEGRADATION OF POLYMERS
• 17.11 SWELLING AND DISSOLUTION
• 17.12 BOND RUPTURE
• 17.13 WEATHERING
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 18: ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
• 18.1 INTRODUCTION
• ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION
• 18.2 OHM’S LAW
• 18.3 ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
• 18.4 ELECTRONIC AND IONIC CONDUCTION
• 18.5 ENERGY BAND STRUCTURES IN SOLIDS
• 18.6 CONDUCTION IN TERMS OF BAND AND ATOMIC BONDING MODELS
• 18.7 ELECTRON MOBILITY
• 18.8 ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF METALS
• 18.9 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMERCIAL ALLOYS
• SEMICONDUCTIVITY
• 18.10 INTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTION
• 18.11 EXTRINSIC SEMICONDUCTION
• 18.12 THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF CARRIER CONCENTRATION
• 18.13 FACTORS THAT AFFECT CARRIER MOBILITY
• 18.14 THE HALL EFFECT
• 18.15 SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
• ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION IN IONIC CERAMICS AND IN POLYMERS
• 18.16 CONDUCTION IN IONIC MATERIALS
• 18.17 ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMERS
• DIELECTRIC BEHAVIOR
• 18.18 CAPACITANCE
• 18.19 FIELD VECTORS AND POLARIZATION
• 18.20 TYPES OF POLARIZATION
• 18.21 FREQUENCY DEPENDENCE OF THE DIELECTRIC CONSTANT
• 18.22 DIELECTRIC STRENGTH
• 18.23 DIELECTRIC MATERIALS
• OTHER ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MATERIALS
• 18.24 FERROELECTRICITY
• 18.25 PIEZOELECTRICITY
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 19: THERMAL PROPERTIES
• 19.1 INTRODUCTION
• 19.2 HEAT CAPACITY
• 19.3 THERMAL EXPANSION
• 19.4 THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
• 19.5 THERMAL STRESSES
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 20: MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
• 20.1 INTRODUCTION
• 20.2 BASIC CONCEPTS
• 20.3 DIAMAGNETISM AND PARAMAGNETISM
• 20.4 FERROMAGNETISM
• 20.5 ANTIFERROMAGNETISM AND FERRIMAGNETISM
• 20.6 THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON MAGNETIC BEHAVIOR
• 20.7 DOMAINS AND HYSTERESIS
• 20.8 MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY
• 20.9 SOFT MAGNETIC MATERIALS
• 20.10 HARD MAGNETIC MATERIALS
• 20.11 MAGNETIC STORAGE
• 20.12 SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTES
• CHAPTER 21: OPTICAL PROPERTIES
• 21.1 INTRODUCTION
• BASIC CONCEPTS
• 21.2 ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
• 21.3 LIGHT INTERACTIONS WITH SOLIDS
• 21.4 ATOMIC AND ELECTRONIC INTERACTIONS
• OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS
• OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF NONMETALS
• 21.5 REFRACTION
• 21.6 REFLECTION
• 21.7 ABSORPTION
• 21.8 TRANSMISSION
• 21.9 COLOR
• 21.10 OPACITY AND TRANSLUCENCY IN INSULATORS
• APPLICATIONS OF OPTICAL PHENOMENA
• 21.11 LUMINESCENCE
• 21.12 PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY
• 21.13 LASERS
• 21.14 OPTICAL FIBERS IN COMMUNICATIONS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
• NOTE
• CHAPTER 22: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIETAL ISSUES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
• 22.1 INTRODUCTION
• 22.2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIETAL CONSIDERATIONS
• 22.3 RECYCLING ISSUES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• NOTES
• APPENDIX A THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS (SI)
• APPENDIX B PROPERTIES OF SELECTED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
• APPENDIX C COSTS AND RELATIVE COSTS FOR SELECTED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
• APPENDIX D REPEAT UNIT STRUCTURES FOR COMMON POLYMERS
• APPENDIX E GLASS TRANSITION AND MELTING TEMPERATURES FOR COMMON POLYMERIC MATERIALS
• GLOSSARY
• ANSWERS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS
• INDEX
• END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT