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• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Faculty Reviewers and Additional Contributors
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• How To Use Bates’ Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking
• Contents
• List of Tables
• How to Access and Print Additional Resources on your Computer
• Unit 1: Foundations of Health Assessment
• Chapter 1: Approach to the Clinical Encounter
• FOUNDATIONAL SKILLS ESSENTIAL TO THE CLINICAL ENCOUNTER
• APPROACH TO THE CLINICAL ENCOUNTER
• STRUCTURE AND SEQUENCE OF THE CLINICAL ENCOUNTER
• Stage 1: Initiating the Encounter
• Stage 2: Gathering Information
• Stage 3: Performing the Physical Examination
• Stage 4: Explaining and Planning
• Stage 5: Closing the Encounter
• DISPARITIES IN HEALTH CARE
• Social Determinants of Health
• Racism and Bias
• Cultural Humility
• OTHER MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS
• Spirituality
• Medical Ethics
• Documenting the Clinical Encounter
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 2: Interviewing, Communication, and Interpersonal Skills
• FUNDAMENTALS OF SKILLED INTERVIEWING
• Active or Attentive Listening
• Guided Questioning
• Empathic Responses
• Summarization
• Transitions
• Partnering
• Validation
• Empowering the Patient
• Reassurance
• APPROPRIATE VERBAL COMMUNICATION
• Use Understandable Language
• Use Nonstigmatizing Language
• APPROPRIATE NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
• OTHER CONSIDERATIONS IN COMMUNICATION AND INTERPERSONAL SKILLS
• Broaching Sensitive Topics
• Informed Consent
• Working with a Medical Interpreter
• Advance Directives
• Disclosing Serious News
• Motivational Interviewing
• Interprofessional Communication
• CHALLENGING PATIENT SITUATIONS AND BEHAVIORS
• Patient Who Is Silent
• Patient Who Is Talkative
• Patient with Confusing Narrative
• Patient with Altered State or Cognition
• Patient with Emotional Lability
• Patient Who Is Angry or Aggressive
• Patient Who Is Flirtatious
• Patient Who Is Discriminatory
• Patient with Hearing Loss
• Patient with Low or Impaired Vision
• Patient with Limited Intelligence
• Patient Burdened by Personal Problems
• Patient Who Is Nonadherent
• Patient with Low Literacy
• Patient with Low Health Literacy
• Patient with Limited Language Proficiency
• Patient with Terminal Illness or Who Is Dying
• BEING PATIENT-CENTERED IN COMPUTERIZED CLINICAL SETTINGS
• LEARNING COMMUNICATION SKILLS FROM STANDARDIZED PATIENTS
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 3: Health History
• HEALTH HISTORY
• Different Kinds of Health Histories
• Determining the Scope of Your Patient Assessment: Comprehensive or Focused?
• Subjective versus Objective Data
• COMPREHENSIVE ADULT HEALTH HISTORY
• Initial Information
• Chief Complaint
• History of Present Illness
• Past Medical History
• Family History
• Personal and Social History
• Review of Systems
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• MODIFICATION OF THE CLINICAL INTERVIEW FOR VARIOUS CLINICAL SETTINGS
• Ambulatory Care Clinic
• Emergency Care
• Intensive Care Unit
• Nursing Home
• Home
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 4: Physical Examination
• ROLE OF THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN THE ERA OF TECHNOLOGY
• DETERMINING SCOPE OF THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: COMPREHENSIVE OR FOCUSED?
• Comprehensive Adult Physical Examination
• HEAD-TO-TOE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
• General Survey
• Vital Signs
• Skin
• Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, Throat
• Neck
• Back
• Posterior Thorax and Lungs
• Breasts and Axillae
• Anterior Thorax and Lungs
• Cardiovascular System
• Abdomen
• Lower Extremities
• Nervous System
• Additional Examinations
• ADAPTING THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: SPECIFIC PATIENT CONDITIONS
• Patient on Bedrest
• Patient Using a Wheelchair
• Patient Who Is Postprocedure
• Patient Who Is Obese
• Patient in Pain
• Patient on Special Precautions
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 5: Clinical Reasoning, Assessment, and Plan
• CLINICAL REASONING: PROCESS
• Basic Structure of the Clinical Reasoning Process
• Clinical Diagnostic Errors
• CLINICAL REASONING: DOCUMENTATION
• Document the Problem Representation (Summary Statement)
• Assessment and Plan
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• PROGRESS NOTE AND PATIENT PROBLEM LIST IN THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD
• Patient Problem List
• ORAL PRESENTATION
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 6: Health Maintenance and Screening
• CONCEPT OF PREVENTIVE CARE
• GUIDELINE RECOMMENDATIONS
• U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Approach
• Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation
• SCREENING
• Basic Approach to Screening
• BEHAVIORAL COUNSELING
• Motivational Interviewing
• IMMUNIZATIONS
• SCREENING GUIDELINES FOR ADULTS
• Screening for Unhealthy Weight and Diabetes Mellitus
• Screening for Substance Use Disorders, Including Misuse of Prescription and Illicit Drugs
• Screening for IPV, Domestic Violence, Elder Abuse, and Abuse of Vulnerable Adults
• COUNSELING GUIDELINES FOR ADULTS
• Weight Loss
• Healthful Diet and Physical Activity
• SCREENING AND COUNSELING GUIDELINES FOR ADULTS
• Unhealthy Alcohol Use
• Tobacco Use
• Screening and Counseling for STIs
• IMMUNIZATION GUIDELINES FOR ADULTS
• Influenza Vaccine
• Pneumococcal Vaccine
• Varicella Vaccine
• Herpes Zoster Vaccine
• Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis Vaccine
• Human Papillomavirus Vaccine
• Hepatitis A Vaccine
• Hepatitis B Vaccine
• PREVENTIVE CARE IN SPECIAL POPULATIONS
• DISEASE-SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 7: Evaluating Clinical Evidence
• USING ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION AS DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
• EVALUATING DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
• Validity
• APPLYING CONCEPTS TO SCREENING TESTS
• Fagan Nomogram
• Natural Frequencies
• Reproducibility
• CRITICALLY APPRAISING THE CLINICAL EVIDENCE
• COMMUNICATING CLINICAL EVIDENCE TO PATIENTS
• REFERENCES
• Unit 2: Regional Examinations
• Chapter 8: General Survey, Vital Signs, and Pain
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Fatigue and Weakness
• Fever, Chills, and Night Sweats
• Weight Change
• Pain
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• General Survey
• Vital Signs
• Acute and Chronic Pain
• Types of Pain
• Assessing Acute and Chronic Pain
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Screening for Hypertension
• Blood Pressure and Dietary Sodium
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 9: Cognition, Behavior, and Mental Status
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Anxiety, Excessive Worrying
• Depressed Mood
• Memory Problems
• Patients with Medically Unexplained Symptoms
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Appearance and Behavior
• Speech and Language
• Mood
• Thought
• Perceptions
• Cognitive Functions
• Higher Cognitive Functions
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Screening for Depression
• Assessing for Suicide Risk
• Screening for Neurocognitive Disorders
• Screening for Substance Use Disorders, Including Misuse of Alcohol and Prescription and Illicit Drugs
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 10: Skin, Hair, and Nails
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Skin
• Hair
• Nails
• Pilosebaceous Glands and Sweat Glands
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Lesions
• Rashes and Itching (Pruritus)
• Hair Loss and Nail Changes
• DESCRIBING SKIN LESIONS
• Primary Lesion
• Size
• Number
• Distribution
• Configuration
• Texture
• Color
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• Lighting, Equipment, and Dermoscopy
• Patient Gown
• Handwashing
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Standard Technique: Patient Position—Seated Then Standing
• Alternative Technique: Patient Position—Supine Then Prone
• Integrated Skin Examinations
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Patient Instructions for the Skin Self-Examination
• Examining the Patient with Hair Loss
• Evaluating the Bedbound Patient
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Epidemiology
• Skin Cancer Prevention
• Skin Cancer Screening
• Screening for Melanoma: The ABCDEs
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 11: Head and Neck
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Head
• Neck
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Neck Mass or Lump
• Thyroid Mass, Nodule, or Goiter
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Hair
• Scalp
• Skull
• Face
• Skin
• Cervical Lymph Nodes
• Trachea
• Thyroid Gland
• Carotid Arteries and Jugular Veins
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction
• Screening for Thyroid Cancer
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 12: Eyes
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Visual Fields
• Visual Pathways
• Autonomic Nerve Supply to the Eyes
• Extraocular Movements
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Vision Changes
• Eye Pain, Redness, or Tearing
• Double Vision
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Visual Acuity
• Visual Fields
• Color Vision
• Contrast Sensitivity
• Eye Position and Alignment
• Eyebrows
• Eyelids
• Lacrimal Apparatus
• Conjunctiva and Sclera
• Cornea and Lens
• Iris
• Pupils
• Extraocular Muscles
• Ophthalmoscopic (Funduscopic) Examination
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Eye Protrusion (Proptosis or Exophthalmos)
• Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
• Everting Upper Eyelid to Search for Foreign Body
• Swinging Flashlight Test
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Visual Impairment
• Screening for Glaucoma
• UV-Related Eye Injuries
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 13: Ears and Nose
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Ear
• Nose and Paranasal Sinuses
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Hearing Loss
• Earache and Ear Discharge
• Tinnitus
• Dizziness and Vertigo
• Rhinorrhea and Nasal Congestion
• Epistaxis
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Auricle
• Ear Canal and Tympanic Membrane
• Testing Auditory Acuity or Gross Hearing
• Testing for Conductive versus Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Tuning Fork Tests
• Surface of the Nose
• Nasal Cavity and Mucosa
• Nasal Septum
• Paranasal Sinuses
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• SCREENING FOR HEARING LOSS
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 14 Throat and Oral Cavity
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Mouth, Gingiva, and Teeth
• Tongue
• Pharynx
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Sore Throat
• Bleeding or Swollen Gums
• Hoarseness
• Malodorous Breath
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Lips and Oral Mucosa
• Gums and Teeth
• Roof and Floor of the Mouth and the Tongue
• Pharynx
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Oral Health
• Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 15: Thorax and Lungs
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Locating Findings on the Chest
• Breathing
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Shortness of Breath (Dyspnea) and Wheezing
• Cough
• Hemoptysis
• Chest Pain
• Daytime Sleepiness, Snoring and Disordered Sleep
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Initial Survey of Respiration and the Thorax
• Posterior Chest
• Anterior Chest
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Clinical Assessment of Pulmonary Function
• Forced Expiratory Time
• Identification of a Fractured Rib
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Lung Cancer
• Latent Tuberculosis
• Obstructive Sleep Apnea
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 16: Cardiovascular System
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Surface Projections of the Heart and Great Vessels
• Cardiac Chambers, Valves, and Circulation
• Events in the Cardiac Cycle
• Splitting of Heart Sounds
• Heart Murmurs
• Relation of Auscultatory Findings to the Chest Wall
• Conduction System
• The Heart as a Pump
• Arterial Pulses and Blood Pressure
• Jugular Venous Pressure and Pulsations
• Changes Over the Life Span
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Chest Pain
• Palpitations
• Shortness of Breath
• Swelling (Edema)
• Fainting (Syncope)
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
• Jugular Venous Pressure
• Carotid Arteries
• Heart
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES: BEDSIDE MANEUVERS TO IDENTIFY MURMURS AND HEART FAILURE
• Standing and Squatting
• Valsalva Maneuver
• Isometric Handgrip
• Transient Arterial Occlusion
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Challenges of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
• Health Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease
• Screening for Cardiovascular Risk Factors
• Promoting Lifestyle Change and Risk Factor Modification
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 17: Peripheral Vascular System
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Arterial System
• Venous System
• Lymphatic System
• Transcapillary Fluid Exchange
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Peripheral Arterial Disease
• Peripheral Venous Disease (or Venous Thromboembolism)
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Arms
• Abdomen
• Legs
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Assessing for Peripheral Arterial Disease
• Evaluating Arterial Perfusion of the Hand
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Screening for Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease
• Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 18: Breasts and Axillae
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Female Breast
• Axilla
• Male Breast
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Breast Lump or Mass
• Breast Discomfort or Pain
• Nipple Discharge
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Female Breast
• Axillae
• Male Breast
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Examination after Mastectomy or Breast Reconstruction
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Breast Cancer in Women
• MALE BREAST CANCER
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 19: Abdomen
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Abdominal Cavity and Contents
• Pelvic Cavity and Contents
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Abdominal Pain
• Abdominal Pain and Associated Gastrointestinal Symptoms
• Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia) and/or Painful Swallowing (Odynophagia)
• Change in Bowel Function
• Diarrhea
• Constipation
• Jaundice
• Urinary Symptoms
• Flank Pain and Ureteral Colic
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Abdomen
• Liver
• Spleen
• Kidneys
• Urinary Bladder
• Aorta
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Assessing Possible Ascites
• Assessing Possible Appendicitis
• Assessing Possible Acute Cholecystitis
• Assessing Ventral Hernias
• Abdominal Wall Mass
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Viral Hepatitis
• Colorectal Cancer
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 20: Male Genitalia
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Genitalia
• Groin
• Lymphatics
• Male Sexual Development and Function
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Penile Discharge or Lesions and Scrotal or Testicular Pain, Swelling, or Lesions
• Sexually Transmitted Infections
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Penis
• Scrotum and Scrotal Contents
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Evaluating Groin Hernias
• Testicular Self-Examination
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Testicular Cancer
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 21: Female Genitalia
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Vulva
• Vagina
• Uterus
• Adnexa
• Pelvic Floor
• Lymphatics
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Menarche and Menses
• Abnormal Bleeding
• Menopause
• Pelvic Pain—Acute and Chronic
• Vulvovaginal Symptoms
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• Positioning
• Examining Equipment
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• External Examination
• Internal Examination
• Hernias
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Assessing Urethritis
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Cervical Cancer
• Menopause and Hormone Replacement Therapy
• Ovarian Cancer
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 22: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Change in Bowel Habits
• Pain on Defecation
• Anal Warts and Fissures
• Weak Urinary Stream
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Patient with a Prostate
• Patient without a Prostate (Woman or Man with Prostatectomy)
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Prostate Cancer
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 23: Musculoskeletal System
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Joints
• Bursae
• Articular and Extraarticular Joint Structures
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Joint Pain
• Neck Pain
• Low Back Pain
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• Inspection
• Palpation
• Range of Motion
• Special Maneuvers
• Other Examination Techniques
• REGIONAL JOINT EXAMINATIONS
• Temporomandibular Joint
• Shoulder Joint
• Elbow Joint
• Wrist and Hand Joints
• Vertebral Spine
• Hip Joint
• Knee Joint
• Special Techniques: Tests for Knee Joint Effusions
• Ankle Joint and Foot
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Measuring Leg Length
• Describing Limited Joint Motion
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Low Back Pain
• Osteoporosis
• Preventing Falls
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 24: Nervous System
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Central Nervous System
• Peripheral Nervous System
• Motor Pathways
• Sensory Pathways
• Spinal Reflexes: Muscle Stretch Response
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Headache
• Dizziness or Lightheadedness
• Weakness
• Numbness or Abnormal or Absent Sensation
• Fainting and Blacking Out (Near-Syncope and Syncope)
• Seizures
• Tremors or Involuntary Movements
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Cranial Nerves
• Motor System
• Sensory System
• Muscle Stretch Reflexes
• Cutaneous or Superficial Stimulation Reflexes
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Meningeal Signs
• Lumbosacral Radiculopathy: Straight-Leg Raise
• Asterixis (Flapping Tremor)
• Assessing the Comatose Patient
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Preventing Cerebrovascular Disease
• Screening for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis
• Screening for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
• REFERENCES
• Unit 3: Special Populations
• Chapter 25: Children: Infancy through Adolescence
• GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT
• SURVEILLANCE OF DEVELOPMENT
• Physical Development
• Cognitive Development
• Language Development
• Social and Emotional Development
• Developmental Quotient
• KEY COMPONENTS OF HEALTH PROMOTION
• NEWBORNS AND INFANTS
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• SURVEILLANCE OF DEVELOPMENT
• Physical Development
• Cognitive and Language Development
• Social and Emotional Development
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• Newborns
• Infants
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION: INFANTS
• Assessment at Birth
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• PRESCHOOL AND SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN–HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Establishing Rapport
• Working with Families
• Multiple Agendas
• Family as a Resource
• Hidden Agendas
• SURVEILLANCE OF DEVELOPMENT: EARLY CHILDHOOD: 1 TO 4 YEARS
• Physical Development
• Cognitive and Language Development
• SURVEILLANCE OF DEVELOPMENT: MIDDLE CHILDHOOD, 5 TO 10 YEARS
• Physical Development
• Cognitive and Language Development
• Social and Emotional Development
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• Assessing Younger Children
• Assessing Older Children
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Somatic Growth
• Vital Signs
• Skin
• Head
• Eyes
• Ears
• Nose and Sinuses
• Mouth and Pharynx
• Thorax and Lungs
• Heart
• Abdomen
• Female Genitalia
• Rectum and Anus
• Musculoskeletal System
• Nervous System
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Children 1 to 4 Years
• Children 5 to 10 Years
• ADOLESCENTS: HEALTH HISTORY
• HEEADSSS Assessment
• SURVEILLANCE OF DEVELOPMENT: 11 TO 20 YEARS
• Physical Development
• Cognitive Development
• Social and Emotional Development
• Gender and Sexual Identity Formation among Adolescents
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Somatic Growth: Height and Weight
• Vital Signs
• Skin
• Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, Mouth, and Neck
• Thorax and Lungs
• Breasts
• Heart
• Abdomen
• Male Genitalia
• Female Genitalia
• Rectum and Anus
• Musculoskeletal System
• Nervous System
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 26: Pregnant Woman
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Physiologic Hormonal Changes
• Anatomic Changes
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Initial Prenatal History
• Subsequent Prenatal Visits
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Positioning
• Examining Equipment
• General Inspection
• Height, Weight, and Vital Signs
• Head and Neck
• Thorax and Lungs
• Heart
• Breasts
• Abdomen
• Genitalia
• Anus, Rectum, and Rectovaginal Septum
• Extremities
• SPECIAL TECHNIQUES
• Leopold Maneuvers
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Nutrition
• Weight Gain
• Exercise and Physical Activity
• Substance Use including Tobacco, Alcohol, and Illicit Drugs
• Intimate Partner Violence Screening
• Screening for Perinatal Depression
• Immunizations
• Prenatal Laboratory Screenings
• Genetic Testing and Aneuploidy Screening
• Prenatal Supplementation
• Unintended Pregnancy
• REFERENCES
• Chapter 27: Older Adult
• ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Vital Signs
• Skin, Nails, and Hair
• Eyes
• Ears
• Nose, Mouth, Teeth, and Lymph Nodes
• Thorax and Lungs
• Cardiovascular System
• Peripheral Vascular System
• Breasts and Axillae
• Abdomen
• Male and Female Genitourinary System; Prostate
• Musculoskeletal System
• Nervous System
• HEALTH HISTORY: GENERAL APPROACH
• Communicating Effectively with Older Adults
• Shaping the Content and Pace of the Visit
• Eliciting Symptoms from the Older Adult
• Addressing Cultural Dimensions of Aging
• Functional Impairments in Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
• Medication Management
• Smoking
• Alcohol
• Nutrition
• SPECIAL TOPICS IN OLDER ADULT CARE
• Frailty
• Advance Directives and Palliative Care
• PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: GENERAL APPROACH
• TECHNIQUES OF EXAMINATION
• Assessing Functional Status
• General Survey
• Vital Signs
• Skin, Hair, and Nails
• Eyes
• Ears
• Mouth and Teeth
• Neck
• Thorax and Lungs
• Cardiovascular System
• Breasts and Axillae
• Peripheral Vascular System
• Abdomen
• Female Genitalia and Pelvic Examination
• Male Genitalia and Prostate
• Musculoskeletal System
• Nervous System
• RECORDING YOUR FINDINGS
• HEALTH PROMOTION AND COUNSELING: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• When to Screen
• Screening for Visual and Hearing Impairments
• Exercise and Physical Activity
• Household Safety and Fall Prevention
• Immunizations
• Cancer Screening
• Detecting the “3 Ds”: Delirium, Dementia, and Depression
• Elder Mistreatment and Abuse
• REFERENCES
• Index
• Glossary
• Interactive Question Bank
• CHAPTER 1: Approach to the Clinical Encounter
• CHAPTER 2: Interviewing, Communication, and Interpersonal Skills
• CHAPTER 3: Health History
• CHAPTER 4: Physical Examination
• CHAPTER 6: Health Maintenance and Screening
• CHAPTER 7: Evaluating Clinical Evidence
• CHAPTER 8: General Survey, Vital Signs, and Pain
• CHAPTER 9: Cognition, Behavior, and Mental Status
• CHAPTER 10: Skin, Hair, and Nails
• CHAPTER 12: Eyes
• CHAPTER 13: Ears and Nose
• CHAPTER 14: Throat and Oral Cavity
• CHAPTER 15: Thorax and Lungs
• CHAPTER 16: Cardiovascular System
• CHAPTER 17: Peripheral Vascular System
• CHAPTER 18: Breasts and Axillae
• CHAPTER 19: Abdomen
• CHAPTER 20: Male Genitalia
• CHAPTER 21: Female Genitalia
• CHAPTER 22: Anus, Rectum, and Prostate
• CHAPTER 23: Musculoskeletal System
• CHAPTER 24: Nervous System
• CHAPTER 25: Children: Infancy through Adolescence
• CHAPTER 26: Pregnant Woman
• CHAPTER 27: Older Adult
• Skill Checklists & Guidelines
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Abdominal Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Abdominal Evaluation
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Breast Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Breast Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Cardiac Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Cardiac Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Ears, Nose and Throat Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Ears, Nose and Throat Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Eye Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Eye Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Female Genitalia Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Female Genitalia Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: General Appearance and Vital Signs
• Skill Performance Evaluation: General Appearance and Vital Signs
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Head and Neck Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Head and Neck Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Musculoskeletal Examination; Lower Extremity (Hip, Knee, Ankle, Foot)
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Musculoskeletal Examination; Lower Extremity (Hip, Knee, Ankle, Foot)
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Male Genitalia Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Male Genitalia Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Mental Status Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Mental Status Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Musculoskeletal Examination; Spine
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Musculoskeletal Screening Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation Sheet: Neurological Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Neurological Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Peripheral Vascular Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Peripheral Vascular Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Rectal Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Respiratory Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Respiratory Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Skin, Hair, and Nails Examination
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Skin, Hair, and Nails Examination
• Detailed Skill Performance Evaluation: Musculoskeletal Examination; Upper Extremities
• Skill Performance Evaluation: Musculoskeletal Examination; Upper Extremities
• Heart and Breath Sounds