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• Title Page
• Copyright
• Contents
• To the Instructor
• To the Student
• Acknowledgments
• Part I: Beginning Your Journey
• 1. Welcome to Sport and Exercise Psychology
• Defining Sport and Exercise Psychology
• Specializing in Sport and Exercise Psychology
• Distinguishing Between Two Specialties
• Reviewing the History of Sport and Exercise Psychology
• Learning Aids
• 2. Science and Professional Practice of Sport and Exercise Psychology
• Bridging Science and Practice
• Choosing From Many Sport and Exercise Psychology Orientations
• Understanding Present and Future Trends
• Learning Aids
• Part II: Learning About Participants
• 3. Personality and Sport
• Defining Personality
• Understanding Personality Structure
• Studying Personality From Six Viewpoints
• Measuring Personality
• Using Psychological Measures
• Focusing on Personality Research
• Examining Cognitive Strategies and Success
• Identifying Your Role in Understanding Personality
• Learning Aids
• 4. Motivation
• Defining Motivation
• Reviewing Three Approaches to Motivation
• Building Motivation With Five Guidelines
• Developing a Realistic View of Motivation
• Understanding Achievement Motivation and Competitiveness
• Identifying Four Theories of Achievement Motivation
• Developing Achievement Motivation and Competitiveness
• Using Achievement Motivation in Professional Practice
• Learning Aids
• 5. Arousal, Stress, and Anxiety
• Defining Arousal and Anxiety
• Measuring Arousal and Anxiety
• Defining Stress and Understanding the Stress Process
• Identifying Sources of Stress and Anxiety
• Connecting Arousal and Anxiety to Performance
• Applying Knowledge to Professional Practice
• Learning Aids
• Part III: Understanding Sport and Exercise Environments
• 6. Competition and Cooperation
• Defining Competition and Cooperation
• Viewing Competition as a Process
• Reviewing Studies of Competition and Cooperation
• Determining Whether Competition Is Good or Bad
• Enhancing Cooperation
• Learning Aids
• 7. Feedback, Reinforcement, and Intrinsic Motivation
• Principles of Reinforcement
• Approaches to Influencing Behavior
• Guidelines for Using Positive Reinforcement
• Guidelines for Using Punishment
• Behavior Modification in Sport
• Behavior Modification and Cognitive Behavior Therapy
• Intrinsic Motivation and Extrinsic Rewards
• Cognitive Evaluation Theory
• How Extrinsic Rewards Affect Intrinsic Motivation in Sport
• Strategies for Increasing Intrinsic Motivation
• Flow—A Special Case of Intrinsic Motivation
• Learning Aids
• 8. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
• Definition of Culture, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Cultural Competence
• Cultural Sport and Exercise Psychology Research
• Benefits of Diversity and Inclusion
• Strategies for Diversifying Sport and Physical Activity and Creating Inclusive Environments
• Learning Aids
• Part IV: Focusing on Group Processes
• 9. Team Dynamics and Cohesion
• Recognizing the Difference Between Groups and Teams
• Identifying Three Theories of Group Development
• Understanding Group Structure
• Creating an Effective Team Climate
• Maximizing Individual Performance in Team Sports
• Definition of Cohesion
• Conceptual Model of Cohesion
• Tools for Measuring Cohesion
• Relationship Between Cohesion and Performance
• Other Factors Associated With Cohesion
• Strategies for Enhancing Cohesion
• Guidelines for Building Team Cohesion
• Learning Aids
• 10. Leadership
• Definition of Leadership
• Approaches to Studying Leadership
• Sport-Oriented Interactional Approaches to Leadership
• Research on the Multidimensional Model of Sport Leadership
• Leadership Training Interventions
• Four Components of Effective Leadership
• The Art of Leadership
• Learning Aids
• 11. Communication
• Understanding the Communication Process
• Sending Messages Effectively
• Receiving Messages Effectively
• Recognizing Breakdowns in Communication
• Improving Communication
• Dealing With Confrontation and Conflict
• Delivering Constructive Criticism
• Learning Aids
• Part V: Improving Performance
• 12. Introduction to Psychological Skills Training
• What Psychological Skills Training Entails
• Why PST Is Important
• Why Sport and Exercise Participants Neglect PST
• Myths About PST
• PST Knowledge Base
• PST Effectiveness
• Three Phases of PST Programs
• Self-Regulation: The Ultimate Goal of PST
• Who Should Conduct PST Programs
• When to Implement a PST Program
• PST Program Development
• Common Problems in Implementing PST Programs
• Learning Aids
• 13. Arousal Regulation
• Increasing Self-Awareness of Arousal
• Using Anxiety Reduction Techniques
• Exploring the Matching Hypothesis
• Coping With Adversity
• Using Arousal-Inducing Techniques
• Learning Aids
• 14. Imagery
• Defining Imagery
• Uses of Imagery
• Evidence of Imagery’s Effectiveness
• Imagery in Sport: Where, When, Why, and What
• Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Imagery
• How Imagery Works
• Keys to Effective Imagery
• How to Develop an Imagery Training Program
• When to Use Imagery
• Learning Aids
• 15. Self-Confidence
• Defining Self-Confidence
• Understanding How Expectations Influence Performance
• Examining Self-Efficacy Theory
• Assessing Self-Confidence
• Building Self-Confidence
• Learning Aids
• 16. Goal Setting
• Definition of Goals
• Effectiveness of Goal Setting
• Principles of Goal Setting
• Development of Group Goals
• Design of a Goal-Setting System
• Common Problems in Goal Setting
• Learning Aids
• 17. Concentration
• Defining Concentration
• Explaining Attentional Focus: Three Processes
• Connecting Concentration to Optimal Performance
• Identifying Types of Attentional Focus
• Recognizing Attentional Problems
• Mindfulness
• Using Self-Talk to Enhance Concentration
• Assessing Attentional Skills
• Improving Concentration
• Learning Aids
• Part VI: Enhancing Health and Well-Being
• 18. Exercise and Psychological Well-Being
• Mental Health
• Reducing Anxiety and Depression With Exercise
• Understanding the Effect of Exercise on Psychological Well-Being
• Changing Personality and Cognitive Functioning With Exercise
• Enhancing Quality of Life With Exercise
• Examining the Runner’s High
• Using Exercise as an Adjunct to Therapy
• Learning Aids
• 19. Exercise Behavior and Adherence
• Reasons to Exercise
• Reasons for Not Exercising
• Problem of Exercise Adherence
• Theories and Models of Exercise Behavior
• Determinants of Exercise Adherence
• Settings for Exercise Interventions
• Strategies for Enhancing Adherence to Exercise
• Guidelines for Improving Exercise Adherence
• Learning Aids
• 20. Athletic Injuries and Psychology
• What Is Injury?
• Causes and Predictors of Injury
• Relationship Between Stress and Injury
• Other Psychologically Based Explanations for Injury
• Psychological Reactions to Exercise and Athletic Injuries
• Role of Sport Psychology in Injury Rehabilitation
• Identify Athletes and Exercisers Who Are at Risk for Injury
• Learning Aids
• 21. Addictive and Unhealthy Behaviors
• Eating Disorders
• Substance Abuse
• Addiction to Exercise
• Compulsive Gambling
• Learning Aids
• 22. Burnout and Overtraining
• Definitions of Overtraining, Staleness, and Burnout
• Frequency of Overtraining, Staleness, and Burnout
• Models of Burnout
• Factors Leading to Athlete Overtraining and Burnout
• Symptoms of Overtraining and Burnout
• Ways to Measure Burnout
• Burnout in Sport Professionals
• Treatment and Prevention of Overtraining and Burnout
• Learning Aids
• Part VII: Facilitating Psychological Growth and Development
• 23. Children and Sport Psychology
• Importance of Studying the Psychology of Young Athletes
• Understanding the Youth Sports System
• Children’s Reasons for Participation and Nonparticipation
• Role of Friends in Youth Sport
• Stress and Burnout in Children’s Competitive Sport
• Effective Coaching Practices for Young Athletes
• Role of Parents
• The Professionalization of Children’s Sports
• Learning Aids
• 24. Aggression in Sport
• Defining Aggression
• Understanding the Causes of Aggression
• Examining Aggression in Sport
• Applying Knowledge to Professional Practice
• Learning Aids
• 25. Character Development and Good Sporting Behavior
• Defining Character, Fair Play, and Good Sporting Behavior
• Developing Character and Good Sporting Behavior
• Examining Moral Development Research
• Understanding the Connection Between Moral Reasoning and Moral Behavior
• Hazing, Bullying, and Abusive Behavior in Sport
• Studying the Connection Between Character Development and Physical Activity
• Guiding Practice in Character Development
• Learning Aids
• Continuing Your Journey
• References
• Index
• About the Authors