Efnisyfirlit

• Half-title
• Title
• Copyright
• Contents
• Foreword
• Abbreviations
• Introduction
• 1 Introduction to International Environmental Law
• 1 The World Community and International Law
• 1.1 International Law
• 1.2 States
• 1.2.1. Sovereignty
• 1.2.2. Wealth
• 1.2.3. Cooperation
• 1.3 International Organizations
• 1.4 Nongovernmental Actors
• 2 International Lawmaking Process
• 2.1 Treaties
• 2.2 Custom
• 2.3 Principles of Law
• 2.4 Other Sources
• 2.5 Content
• 3 Perspectives
• 3.1 Developed Countries
• 3.2 Developing Countries
• 4 Historical Evolution
• 4.1 Stockholm
• 4.2 Rio
• 4.3 Johannesburg
• 4.4 From Stockholm to Johannesburg
• 4.5 Case Law
• 5 Globalization and International Law
• 6 Principles
• 6.1 Sovereignty over Natural Resources
• 6.2 Obligation Not to Cause Damage
• 6.3 Principles of Preventive Action and Precaution
• 6.4 Polluter Pays Principle and Equitable Sharing of Cost
• 6.5 Sustainable Development
• 6.6 Equitable Utilization
• 6.7 Common but Differentiated Responsibilities
• 6.8 Human Rights
• 7 Settlement of Disputes
• 8 Monitoring and Enforcement
• 2 Foundations of International Environmental Law
• 1 Functions of Law
• 2 Foundations
• 2.1 Minimum Order
• 2.2 Equity
• 2.3 Effectiveness as Equity
• 2.4 Cost-Effectiveness
• 3 Regulation of Natural Resources
• 4 Enclosure of National Commons
• 5 Enclosure of Global Commons
• 5.1 Fisheries
• 5.2 Deep Sea-Bed Resources
• 5.3 Germplasm and Related Knowledge
• 5.4 Freshwater Resources
• 5.5 Air
• 5.6 Seas
• 5.7 Waste Management
• 5.8 National Biodiversity Resources
• 6 Enclosure of Global Commons and Global Welfare
• 7 International Instruments
• 8 Conclusion
• 3 Compliance and Governance Mechanisms
• 1 Environmental and Strategic Impact Assessment
• 2 State Obligations
• 2.1 Exchange of Information
• 2.2 Notification
• 2.3 Consultation
• 2.4 Reporting/Monitoring
• 3 Verification and Compliance
• 4 Right to Information and Participation and Access to Justice
• 4.1 International Instruments
• 4.2 Application of Right to Information
• 5 Conclusion
• 4 Marine Environment
• 1 State of Marine Environment
• 2 Integrated Coastal Zone Management
• 3 Evolution of International Instruments
• 3.1 Law of the Sea Convention
• 3.2 Pollution from Dumping
• 3.3 Regional Management
• 3.4 Pollution from Ships
• 3.5 Emergency Situations
• 3.6 Safety Regulations
• 4 Selected Regional Instruments
• 4.1 Protection of the Northeast Atlantic
• 4.2 Protection of the Baltic Sea
• 4.3 UNEP Regional Seas Program
• 5 Conclusion
• 5 Water Resources
• 1 State of Water Resources
• 2 Issues in Water Management
• 2.1 Allocation and Equity
• 2.1.1. Substantive Equity
• 2.1.2. Procedural Equity and Institutional Development
• 2.1.3. Principled Equitable Utilization or Ad Hoc Regionalism?
• 2.2 Efficiency and Quality
• 2.3 Integrated Water Resources Management
• 2.3.1. National
• 2.3.2. International
• 3 Case Law
• 4 International Instruments
• 5 Regional Instruments
• 5.1 Africa
• 5.2 Asia
• 5.3 Middle East
• 5.4 Europe
• 5.4.1. Suprabasin Instruments
• 5.4.2. Basin-Specific Instruments
• 5.5 American Region
• 5.5.1. United States–Canada
• 6 Conclusion
• 6 Fisheries Resources
• 1 State of World Fisheries
• 2 National Management of Fisheries Resources
• 2.1 Regulation
• 2.2 Privatization
• 3 International Management of Fisheries Resources
• 3.1 Law of the Sea Convention
• 3.2 Case Law
• 3.3 International Instruments
• 3.3.1. Agreement on Fisheries Management
• 3.3.2. FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries
• 3.4 Regional Agreements
• 3.5 Case Studies
• 3.5.1. South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization (SEAFO)
• 3.5.2. South Pacific Forum Fisheries Agency (SPFFA) and Western and Central Pacific Commission (WCPC
• 3.5.3. North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC)
• 3.5.4. Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO)
• 3.5.5. International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tuna (ICCAT)
• 3.5.6. General Fisheries Commission of the Mediterranean (GFCM)
• 3.5.7. Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR)
• 4 Conclusion
• 7 Biodiversity
• 1 Biodiversity Management
• 1.1 State of Biodiversity Resources
• 1.2 National and Transnational Protected Areas
• 1.3 Gene Banks
• 2 International Instruments
• 2.1 Biodiversity Convention
• 2.1.1. Biodiversity Protection
• 2.1.2. Resource Allocation
• 2.1.2.1. Market Value of Biodiversity
• 2.1.2.2. Bilateral Redistribution
• 2.1.2.3. Transnational Redistribution
• 2.1.2.4. Institutionalized Redistribution
• 2.2 Trade and Biodiversity
• 3 Protection of Habitats
• 3.1 World Heritage Sites
• 3.2 Forests
• 3.3 Wetlands
• 4 Regional Instruments
• 4.1 Europe
• 4.2 Africa
• 4.3 South East Asia
• 4.4 Antarctica
• 4.5 Other Regional Instruments
• 5 Protection of Species
• 5.1 Protection of Migratory Species
• 5.2 Protection of Whales
• 5.3 Protection of Seals
• 5.4 Other Agreements
• 6 Conclusion
• 8 Air Pollution
• 1 Ozone Depletion
• 1.1 Negotiating Process
• 1.2 Legislative Instruments
• 1.2.1. Protection of Ozone Layer
• 1.2.2. Regulation of Ozone-Depleting Substances
• 1.3 Conclusion
• 2 Climate Change
• 2.1 Negotiating Process
• 2.2 Legislative Instruments
• 2.2.1. Convention on Climate Change
• 2.2.2. Regulation of Greenhouse Gases
• 2.2.3. Market-Based Regulation of Greenhouse Gases
• 2.3 Conclusion
• 3 Transfrontier Air Pollution
• 3.1 Legislative Instruments
• 3.1.1. Convention on Transboundary Air Pollution
• 3.1.2. Regulation of Air Pollutants
• 3.2 Conclusion
• 9 Trade and Environment
• 1 World Trade Institutions
• 2 The Treaties
• 3 Dispute Settlement
• 3.1 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
• 3.2 Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
• 4 Intellectual Property Rights and Trade
• 4.1 Intellectual Property Rights Institutions and Trade
• 4.2 Intellectual Property Rights and Pharmaceuticals
• 4.3 Intellectual Property Rights and Genetic Resources
• 4.3.1. Letter of TRIPs
• 4.3.3. Seed Wars
• 4.3.4. TRIPs and Traditional Knowledge
• 4.3.5. TRIPs and Farmers’ Rights
• 5 Conclusion
• 10 Hazardous and Radioactive Wastes
• 1 State of International Waste Trade
• 2 State of Waste Management
• 2.1 Landfill/Geologic Disposal
• 2.2 Marine Disposal
• 2.3 Treatment
• 2.4 Incineration
• 2.5 Recycling and Reprocessing
• 3 International Instruments
• 3.1 Hazardous Wastes
• 3.2 Radioactive Wastes
• 4 National Regulatory Dilemmas
• 4.1 The United States
• 4.1.1. Management of Hazardous Wastes
• 4.1.2. Management of Radioactive Wastes
• 4.1.3. Management of Waste Trade
• 4.2 European Union
• 4.2.1. Management of Hazardous Wastes
• 4.2.2. Management of Radioactive Wastes
• 4.2.3. Management of Waste Trade
• 5 Conclusion
• 11 Liability and State Responsibility
• 1 Oil Pollution
• 2 Hazardous Materials Trade
• 2.1 CRTD Convention
• 2.2 HNS Convention
• 2.3 Liability for Waste Trade
• 3 Nuclear Energy
• 4 Liability for Damage to the Environment
• 5 State Responsibility
• 6 International Liability
• 7 Conclusion
• International Treaties and Other Instruments
• Cases
• Index