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• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Dedication
• Copyright
• Contributors
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Unit I. Foundations of Emergency Nursing
• 1. Emergency Nursing Practice
• A Brief History of Emergency Nursing
• A new Nursing Specialty: Defining the Scope of Practice
• The Emergency Nurses Association
• Nursing Practice Mission and Values
• Standards of Emergency Nursing Practice
• Collaborative Practice
• Position Statements and Clinical Practice Guidelines
• Community Education
• Patient Safety Concepts12
• Emergency Nursing Validation of Knowledge
• Validation OF Knowledge Through Certification
• Emergency Nursing Certification
• Summary
• 2. Legal and Regulatory Constructs
• Sources of law
• Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act
• Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
• Reportable Situations
• Medical Records
• Consent
• Affordable Care Act
• Hospital Accreditation Organizations
• Negligence and Malpractice
• Summary
• 3. Approaching Diversity
• Areas of Diversity
• The Diversity Practice Model
• Summary
• Unit II. Professional Practice
• 4. Evidence-Based Practice
• What is Evidence-Based Practice?
• Asking the Clinical Question: Spirit of Inquiry—PICOT Question
• Finding the Evidence
• Evaluation
• Dissemination
• Summary
• 5. Research
• Using Research in Clinical Practice: Comparing Research, Evidence-Based Practice, and Quality Improvement
• Components of the Research Process
• Using Research Findings in Practice
• Summary
• 6. Ethical Considerations
• Nursing Ethics
• Emergency Nursing Code of Ethics
• Emergency Nursing Standards of Practice
• Moral Distress
• Ethical Concerns in Emergency Nursing
• Summary
• 7. Workplace Violence
• Prevention of Workplace Violence
• Violence Prevention
• Strategies During Violent Encounters
• After Violence
• Summary
• Unit III. Clinical Foundations of Emergency Nursing
• 8. Triage
• Legal Considerations
• Ability to Prioritize
• Valid Reliable Triage Systems
• Immediate Bedding
• Triage Documentation
• Special Considerations
• Implementing Diagnostics and Interventions
• Reassessment of Patients Waiting
• Modifying the Triage Process
• Triage Process Improvement
• Summary
• 9. Patient Assessment
• Initial Assessment
• Ongoing Assessment
• Special Patient Populations
• Summary
• 10. Pain
• Definitions and Classifications of Pain
• Pathophysiology of Pain
• Pain Theories
• Physiologic Consequences of Pain
• Myths and Barriers to Pain Management
• Adult Pain Management
• Pediatric Pain Management
• Summary
• 11. Wound Management
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Skin Changes with Aging
• Wound Healing
• Wound Evaluation
• Wound Preparation
• Control of Hemorrhage
• Local Anesthesia
• Wound Closure
• New Technology in Wound Closure
• Wound Dressings
• Wound Prophylaxis
• Specific Wounds
• Summary
• 12. Family Presence During Resuscitation and Invasive Procedures
• Evidence
• Organizational Support
• Implementation
• Education
• Evaluation
• Summary
• 13. Management of the Critical Care Patient in the Emergency Department
• Critical Care in the Emergency Department
• Mechanical Ventilation
• Invasive Monitoring
• Sepsis
• Care of the Family
• Summary
• 14. Palliative and End-of-Life Care in the Emergency Department
• Overview of Palliative and End-of-Life Care
• Palliative Care Principles in The Emergency Department
• Communication Issues in Palliative and End-of-Life Care
• Bioethical Considerations
• Care for The Caregiver
• Summary
• 15. Organ and Tissue Donation
• Overview and History
• Organ Donation Best Practices
• Other Strategies to Increase Organ Donation
• The Donation Process
• The Procurement Process
• Financial Considerations
• Summary
• 16. Air and Surface Patient Transport
• Historical Perspective
• Types of Transport
• Airway and Breathing
• Hemodynamic Stabilization
• Neurological Stabilization
• Musculoskeletal Stabilization
• Emotional and Psychosocial Support of The Patient and Family
• Stresses of Transport
• Transport of The Pediatric Patient
• Safety
• Summary
• 17. Health Emergency Management
• Evolution of Emergency Management
• Emergency Management Programs
• Summary
• 18. Chemical, Biological, Radiologic, Nuclear (CBRN) Threats
• Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Threat
• Nuclear-Radiologic Threats
• Biologic Agents
• Chemical Agents
• Summary
• Unit IV. Medical and Surgical Emergencies
• 19. Communicable Diseases and Organisms in the Health Care Setting
• Infection Prevention in the Acute Care Setting
• Pathogens of Concern
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS
• Summary
• 20. Fluids, Fluid Replacement, Electrolytes, and Vascular Access
• Pathophysiology
• Water
• Fluid Replacement
• Electrolytes
• Fluid and Electrolyte Abnormalities
• Vasular Access and Pathophysiology
• Summary
• 21. Shock Emergencies
• Pathophysiology
• Categories of Shock
• Clinical Manifestations of Shock
• Management of the Patient in Shock
• History
• Hemodynamic Monitoring
• Laboratory and Diagnostic Testing for Shock Emergencies
• Emergency Nursing Management
• Complications Associated With Shock
• Special Populations
• Summary
• 22. Respiratory Emergencies
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Specific Pulmonary Emergencies
• Summary
• 23. Cardiovascular Emergencies
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Specific Cardiovascular Emergencies
• Summary
• 24. Neurologic Emergencies
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Emergency Nurse Management of The Patient with Neurologic Conditions
• 25. Gastrointestinal Emergencies
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment and Triage
• Specific Gastrointestinal Emergencies
• Summary
• 26. Renal and Genitourinary Emergencies
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Specific Conditions
• Prevention
• Summary
• 27. Obstetric and Gynecologic Emergencies
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Assessment
• First-Trimester Emergencies
• Antepartum Emergencies
• Third-Trimester Emergencies
• Delivery
• Postpartum Emergencies
• Other Obstetric Emergencies
• Specific Gynecologic Emergencies
• Summary
• 28. Endocrine Emergencies
• Endocrine System Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Selected Endocrine Emergencies
• Summary
• 29. Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Specific Hematologic Emergencies
• Specific Oncologic Emergencies
• Summary
• 30. Environmental Emergencies
• Thermal Emergencies
• Drowning
• Diving Emergencies
• Venomous Bites and Stings
• Tick-Borne Illness
• Mammal Bites
• Wilderness Medicine
• 31. Toxicologic Emergencies
• Patient Management
• Specific Toxicologic Emergencies
• Summary
• 32. Dental, Ear, Nose, Throat, and Facial Emergencies
• Anatomy
• Dental Emergencies
• Ear Emergencies
• Nasal Emergencies
• Throat Emergencies
• Facial Emergencies
• Summary
• 33. Ocular Emergencies
• Epidemiology
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Patient Management
• Specific Ocular Emergencies
• Summary
• Unit V. Trauma Emergencies
• 34. Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Injury
• Epidemiology
• Mechanism of Injury
• Prevention
• Summary
• 35. Head Trauma
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Patient Management
• Specific Injuries
• Summary
• 36. Maxillofacial Trauma
• Common Causes of Maxillofacial Trauma
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Diagnostic Testing
• Specific Maxillofacial Injuries
• Summary
• 37. Spinal Trauma
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Stabilization
• Specific Spinal Cord Injuries
• Outcomes
• Prevention
• Summary
• 38. Thoracic Trauma
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Specific Thoracic Injuries
• Upper Airway Injuries
• Pneumothorax
• Pulmonary Injury or Injuries to the Lung Parenchyma
• Summary
• 39. Abdominal and Genitourinary Trauma
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Specific Injuries
• Summary
• 40. Orthopedic and Neurovascular Trauma
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Soft-Tissue Injuries
• Fractures
• Dislocations
• Reduction Issues
• Traction
• Assisted Ambulation: Crutches, Cane, and Walker
• Summary
• 41. Burns
• Etiology
• Burn Assessment
• Pathophysiology
• Patient Management
• Summary
• 42. Pediatric Trauma
• Epidemiology
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment
• Specific Conditions
• Summary
• 43. Obstetric Trauma
• Anatomy and Physiology
• Patient Assessment and Early Interventions
• Injuries
• Special Considerations
• Summary
• 44. Geriatric Trauma
• Triage
• Medications
• Mechanisms of Injury
• Geriatric Trauma Assessment
• Transfer to a Higher Level of Care
• End-of-Life Care
• Summary
• Unit VI. Special Populations
• 45. Pediatric Emergencies
• Triage
• Respiratory Emergencies
• Cardiovascular Emergencies
• Neurologic Emergencies
• Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Emergencies
• Endocrine Emergencies
• Infectious Disease Emergencies
• Other Conditions
• Family Presence
• Summary
• 46. Geriatric Emergencies
• Introduction
• Overview of the Geriatric Population and Physiologic Changes of Aging
• Triage and Initial Assess of the Geriatric Patient in the Emergency Department
• Maximizing Communication with the Geriatric Patient
• Polypharmacy of the Geriatric Patient in the Emergency Department
• Cardiovascular Assessment of the Geriatric Patient
• Dehydration
• The Acute Abdomen in the Geriatric Patient
• Infection and Sepsis in the Older Adult
• Renal
• Falls
• Alcohol and Substance Abuse
• Vulnerable Adults and Elder Abuse
• Summary
• 47. Behavioral Health Emergencies
• Agitation
• Anorexia Nervosa
• Bulimia
• Anxiety
• Panic Disorders
• Depression
• Suicidality
• Schizophrenia
• Substance Abuse
• Summary
• 48. Forensic Nursing in the Emergency Department
• Forensic Nursing Defined
• History of Forensic Nursing
• Emergency Nurse Roles and Responsibilities
• What is Forensic Evidence?
• Summary
• 49. Abuse and Neglect
• Child Abuse and Neglect
• Other Issues Related to Child Abuse and Neglect
• Intimate Partner Violence
• Role of the Emergency Nurse
• Human Trafficking
• Elder Abuse and Neglect
• 50. Substance Use Disorders
• Definitions
• The Science of Addiction
• Identification of Substance use Disorders
• Specific Substances
• Tobacco Use
• Alcohol Use
• Treatment of Substance use Disorder
• Nursing Considerations
• 51. Sexual Assault
• Myths and Misconceptions
• Rape-Trauma Syndrome
• Legal Aspects
• Summary
• Index
• Colour Plates