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• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Reviewers
• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• Contents
• PART I • BASIC TOPICS CHAPTER 1 Introduction
• PHARMACOECONOMICS—WHAT IS IT?
• WHY IS PHARMACOECONOMICS IMPORTANT?
• RELATIONSHIP OF PHARMACOECONOMICS TO OTHER RESEARCH
• TYPES OF PHARMACOECONOMIC STUDIES
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 2 Measuring and Estimating Costs
• COSTING TERMS
• COST CATEGORIZATION
• ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF CATEGORIZATION OF COSTS
• PERSPECTIVE
• TIMING ADJUSTMENTS FOR COSTS
• RESOURCES FOR COST ESTIMATIONS
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 3 Critiquing Research Articles
• APPROPRIATENESS OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS
• QUESTIONS TO USE WHEN CRITIQUING RESEARCH ARTICLES
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 4 Cost-Minimization Analysis
• OVERVIEW
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 5 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
• OVERVIEW
• PRESENTATION OF COSTS AND EFFECTIVENESS
• COST-EFFECTIVENESS GRID
• COST-EFFECTIVENESS PLANE
• INTERMEDIATE OUTCOMES VERSUS PRIMARY OUTCOMES
• EFFICACY VERSUS EFFECTIVENESS
• CONSENSUS AND DEBATE
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 6 Cost-Utility Analysis
• OVERVIEW
• STEPS IN CALCULATING QALYS
• TRENDS IN CUA ANALYSES
• INCREMENTAL NET BENEFIT
• CONCERNS ABOUT USING QALYS
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 7 Cost-Benefit Analysis
• DEFINITION AND HISTORY
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CBA
• CONDUCTING A CBA
• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COSTS AND BENEFITS
• MEASURING INDIRECT AND INTANGIBLE BENEFITS
• CALCULATING RESULTS OF COSTS AND BENEFITS
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 8 Health-Related Quality of Life: Health Status Measures
• DEFINITIONS
• HRQoL MEASURES VERSUS UTILITY MEASURES
• DOMAINS OF HEALTH STATUS
• ASSESSING HRQoL INSTRUMENTS
• PHARMACOECONOMICS AND HRQoL MEASURES
• PREFERENCE-BASED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS
• PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• PART II • ADVANCED TOPIC CHAPTER 9 Decision Analysis
• WHAT IS DECISION ANALYSIS?
• STEPS IN DECISION ANALYSIS
• THRESHOLD ANALYSIS
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISE
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 10 Markov Modeling
• OVERVIEW
• STEPS IN MARKOV MODELING
• DISADVANTAGES OF MARKOV MODELING
• ADVANCED ISSUES
• OTHER ADVANCED TOPICS
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 11 Real-World Data/Real-World Evidence
• DEFINITIONS OF REAL-WORLD DATA AND REAL-WORLD EVIDENCE
• OVERVIEW OF RWD AND RWE
• RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
• REAL-WORLD EVIDENCE
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF RCTS
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF RWE
• USE OF RWD/RWE
• TYPES OF RETROSPECTIVE DATABASES
• INSURANCE AND CLAIMS RECORDS
• REGISTRIES
• CRITIQUING RWD STUDIES
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 12 Budget-Impact Analysis*
• OVERVIEW
• DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BUDGET-IMPACT ANALYSIS AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS
• SIX-STEP APPROACH TO BUDGET-IMPACT ANALYSIS
• IMPLEMENTING BUDGET-IMPACT ANALYSES
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READING
• CHAPTER 13 Pharmacy Services
• WHAT ARE PHARMACY SERVICES?
• HISTORY OF PHARMACY SERVICES
• MEDICATION THERAPY MANAGEMENT
• REVIEW OF THE ECONOMIC RESEARCH
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 14 International Perspective
• HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES
• COMPARABILITY OF PHARMACOECONOMIC RESULTS BETWEEN COUNTRIES
• HISTORY OF PHARMACOECONOMIC GUIDELINE DEVELOPMENT
• SUMMARY
• QUESTIONS/EXERCISES
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• CHAPTER 15 Future Issues
• APPLICATION OF PHARMACOECONOMICS IN THE UNITED STATES
• BARRIERS TO PHARMACOECONOMICS IN THE UNITED STATES
• VALUE-BASED FRAMEWORKS
• CURATIVE THERAPIES
• VALUE-BASED ALTERNATIVE PAYMENT METHODS
• SUMMARY
• REFERENCES
• SUGGESTED READINGS
• Answers to Questions/Exercises
• Glossary
• Index