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• Front Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• About the Authors
• Preface
• Brief Contents
• Contents
• 1 Introduction and Historical Overview
• Psychological Disorders and Stigmatization
• Defining Psychological Disorder
• Personal Distress
• Disability and Dysfunction
• Violation of Social Norms
• Early History of Psychopathology
• Supernatural Explanations
• Early Biological Explanations
• The Dark Ages: Back to the Supernatural
• Development of Asylums
• Historical Antecedents of Contemporary Views
• Biological Approaches
• Psychological Approaches
• Have We Learned From History?
• The Mental Health Professions
• Summary
• 2 Current Approaches in Psychopathology
• Genetic Influences
• Behavior Genetics
• Molecular Genetics
• Gene–Environment Interactions
• Evaluating the Role of Genetic Influences in Psychopathology
• Neuroscience Influences
• Neurons and Neurotransmitters
• Structure and Function of the Human Brain
• The Neuroendocrine System
• The Immune System
• Neuroscience Approaches to Treatment
• Evaluating the Role of Neuroscience Influences in Psychopathology
• Cognitive Behavioral Influences
• Influences from Behaviorism
• Cognitive Science
• The Role of the Unconscious
• Cognitive Behavior Therapy
• Evaluating the Role of Cognitive Behavioral Influences in Psychopathology
• Socioemotional Influences
• The Importance of Emotion
• Sociocultural Influences
• Interpersonal Influences and the Role of Stress
• Evaluating the Role of Socioemotional Influences in Psychopathology
• Summary
• 3 Diagnosis and Assessment
• Cornerstones of Diagnosis and Assessment: Reliability and Validity
• Reliability
• Validity
• Diagnosis
• The Diagnostic System of the American Psychiatric Association: DSM-5
• Specific Criticisms of the DSM
• General Criticisms of Diagnosing Psychological Disorders
• Psychological Assessment
• Clinical Interviews
• Personality Tests
• Cognitive and Neuropsychological Tests
• Direct Observation of Behavior
• Experience Sampling
• Self-Report Questionnaires
• Neurobiological Assessment
• Brain Imaging: “Seeing” the Brain
• Brain Stimulation
• Psychophysiological Assessment
• Sociocultural Diversity and Assessment
• Cultural and Racial Bias in Assessment
• Strategies for Avoiding Cultural and Racial Bias in Assessment
• Summary
• 4 Research Methods in Psychopathology
• Science, Theory, and Hypotheses
• Research Designs in Psychopathology
• The Case Study
• The Correlational Method
• The Experiment
• One Example of Experimental Research: Treatment Outcome Research
• Defining the Treatment Condition
• Defining Control Groups
• Defining a Sample
• Assessing and Implementing Treatments in the Real World
• Analogues in Psychopathology Research
• Integrating the Findings of Multiple Studies
• Replication
• Meta-Analysis
• Summary
• 5 Mood Disorders
• Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Depressive Disorders
• Major Depressive Disorder
• Persistent Depressive Disorder
• Epidemiology and Consequences of Depressive Disorders
• Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Bipolar Disorders
• Bipolar I Disorder
• Bipolar II Disorder
• Cyclothymic Disorder
• Epidemiology and Consequences of Bipolar Disorders
• Etiology of Mood Disorders
• Genetic Influences
• Neurotransmitters
• Neural Regions Involved in Emotion and Reward Processing
• Cortisol Dysregulation
• Cytokines
• Social Influences on Depression: Childhood Adversity, Life Events, and Interpersonal Difficulties
• Psychological Influences on Depression
• Putting It All Together: Integrating Biological and Social Influences on Depression
• Social and Psychological Influences on the Course of Bipolar Disorder
• Treatment of Mood Disorders
• Psychological Treatment of Depression
• Psychological Treatment of Bipolar Disorder
• Biological Treatment of Mood Disorders
• Suicide
• Epidemiology of Suicide and Suicide Attempts
• Risk Factors for Suicide
• Preventing Suicide
• Summary
• 6 Anxiety Disorders
• Emotions of Anxiety and Fear
• Clinical Descriptions of the Anxiety Disorders
• Specific Phobias
• Social Anxiety Disorder
• Panic Disorder
• Agoraphobia
• Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• Comorbidity in Anxiety Disorders
• Gender and Cultural Influences on the Anxiety Disorders
• Gender
• Culture
• Common Influences Across the Anxiety Disorders
• Fear Conditioning
• Genetic Influences
• Neurobiological Correlates: Brain Regions and Activity of Neurotransmitters
• Personality: Neuroticism and Behavioral Inhibition
• Cognitive Influences
• Putting It All Together: Integrating Biological, Behavioral, and Social Influences
• Etiology of Specific Anxiety Disorders
• Etiology of Specific Phobias
• Etiology of Social Anxiety Disorder
• Etiology of Panic Disorder
• Etiology of Agoraphobia
• Etiology of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• Treatments of the Anxiety Disorders
• Commonalities Across Psychological Treatments
• Psychological Treatments of Specific Anxiety Disorders
• Medications That Reduce Anxiety
• Summary
• 7 Obsessive-Compulsive-Related and Trauma-Related Disorders
• Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Body Dysmorphic Disorder
• Hoarding Disorder
• Prevalence and Comorbidity of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
• Etiology of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
• Etiology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Etiology of Body Dysmorphic Disorder
• Etiology of Hoarding Disorder
• Treatment of the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders
• Medications
• Psychological Treatment
• Brain Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant OCD
• Clinical Description and Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
• Etiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
• Nature of the Trauma: The Severity and Type of Trauma Matter
• Neurobiology: The Hippocampus
• Coping
• Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Acute Stress Disorder
• Medication Treatment of PTSD
• Psychological Treatment of PTSD
• Psychological Treatment of Acute Stress Disorder
• Summary
• 8 Dissociative Disorders and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
• Clinical Descriptions and Epidemiology of Dissociative Disorders
• Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
• Dissociative Amnesia
• Dissociative Identity Disorder
• The Epidemiology of Dissociative Disorders: Increases Over Time
• Etiology of Dissociative Disorders
• Etiology of Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
• Etiology of Dissociative Identity Disorder
• Treatment of Dissociative Disorders
• Clinical Description of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
• Clinical Description of Somatic Symptom Disorder
• Clinical Description of Illness Anxiety Disorder
• Clinical Description of Conversion Disorder
• Etiology of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
• Neurobiological Factors That Increase Awareness of and Distress Over Somatic Symptoms
• Cognitive Behavioral Factors That Increase Awareness of and Distress Over Somatic Symptoms
• Etiology of Conversion Disorder
• Treatment of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders
• Somatic Symptom Disorder and Illness Anxiety Disorder
• Conversion Disorder
• Summary
• 9 Schizophrenia
• Clinical Descriptions of Schizophrenia
• Positive Symptoms
• Negative Symptoms
• Disorganized Symptoms
• Other Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
• Etiology of Schizophrenia
• Genetic Influences
• The Role of Neurotransmitters
• Connectivity in the Brain
• Environmental Factors Influencing the Developing Brain
• Psychological Influences
• Developmental Factors
• Treatment of Schizophrenia
• Medications
• Psychological Treatments
• Summary
• 10 Substance Use Disorders
• Overview: Substance Use by the Numbers
• Clinical Descriptions: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use Disorders
• Alcohol Use Disorder
• Tobacco Use Disorder
• Marijuana
• Clinical Descriptions: Opioid, Stimulant, and Other Drug Use Disorders
• Opioids
• Stimulants
• Hallucinogens, Ecstasy, and PCP
• Etiology of Substance Use Disorders
• Genetic Influences
• Neurobiological Influences
• Psychological Influences
• Sociocultural Influences
• Treatment of Substance Use Disorders
• Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder
• Treatments for Smoking
• Treatment of Drug Use Disorders
• Prevention of Substance Use Disorders
• Summary
• 11 Eating Disorders
• Clinical Descriptions of Eating Disorders
• Anorexia Nervosa
• Bulimia Nervosa
• Binge Eating Disorder
• Etiology of Eating Disorders
• Genetic Influences
• Neurobiological Influences
• Cognitive Behavioral and Emotion Influences
• Sociocultural Influences
• Other Influences Contributing to the Etiology of Eating Disorders
• Treatment of Eating Disorders
• Medications
• Psychological Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa
• Psychological Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa
• Psychological Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder
• Preventive Interventions for Eating Disorders
• Summary
• 12 Sexual Disorders
• Sexual Norms and Behavior
• Research Methods in the Study of Sexuality
• Gender and Sexuality
• Clinical Descriptions of Sexual Dysfunctions
• Disorders Involving Sexual Interest, Desire, and Arousal
• Orgasmic Disorders
• Sexual Pain Disorder
• Etiology of Sexual Dysfunctions
• Biological Influences
• Psychosocial Influences
• Putting It All Together: Integrating Biological and Psychosocial Influences on Sexual Dysfunction
• Treatments of Sexual Dysfunctions
• Psychoeducation
• Couples Therapy
• Cognitive Interventions
• Sensate Focus
• Treatments for Specific Sexual Dysfunctions
• Clinical Descriptions of the Paraphilic Disorders
• Pedophilic Disorder and Incest
• Voyeuristic Disorder
• Exhibitionistic Disorder
• Frotteuristic Disorder
• Sexual Sadism and Masochism Disorders
• Etiology of the Paraphilic Disorders
• Neurobiological Influences
• Childhood Sexual Abuse
• Psychological Influences
• Treatments and Community Prevention for the Paraphilic Disorders
• Strategies to Enhance Motivation
• Cognitive Behavioral Treatment
• Biological Treatments
• Prevention
• Balancing Efforts to Protect the Public Against the Civil Liberties of Those with Paraphilias
• Summary
• 13 Disorders of Childhood
• Classification and Diagnosis of Childhood Disorders
• Externalizing Disorders: ADHD and Conduct Disorder
• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
• Conduct Disorder
• Internalizing Disorders: Depression and Anxiety Disorders
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Specific Learning Disorder and Intellectual Disability
• Dyslexia: A Type of Specific Learning Disorder
• Intellectual Disability
• Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Clinical Descriptions, Prevalence, and Prognosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder
• Summary
• 14 Late Life and Neurocognitive Disorders
• Aging: Myths, Problems, and Methods
• Myths About Late Life
• The Problems Experienced in Late Life
• Research Methods in the Study of Aging
• Psychological Disorders in Late Life
• Prevalence Estimates of Psychological Disorders in Late Life
• Methodological Issues in Estimating the Prevalence of Psychopathology
• Treatment
• Dementia
• Alzheimer’s Disease
• Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia
• Vascular Dementia
• Dementia with Lewy Bodies
• Huntington’s Disease
• Treatments for Dementia
• Delirium
• Etiology of Delirium
• Treatment of Delirium
• Summary
• 15 Personality Disorders
• The DSM-5 Approach to Classification
• Problems with the DSM-5 Approach to Personality Disorders
• Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders
• Common Risk Factors Across the Personality Disorders
• Clinical Description and Etiology of the Odd/Eccentric Cluster
• Schizotypal Personality Disorder
• Clinical Description and Etiology of the Dramatic/Erratic Cluster
• Antisocial Personality Disorder and Psychopathy
• Borderline Personality Disorder
• Narcissistic Personality Disorder
• Clinical Description and Etiology of the Anxious/Fearful Cluster
• Avoidant Personality Disorder
• Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
• Treatment of Personality Disorders
• Treatment of Schizotypal Personality Disorder and Avoidant Personality Disorder
• Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder
• Summary
• 16 Legal and Ethical Issues
• Criminal Commitment
• The Insanity Defense
• Current Insanity Pleas
• Competency to Stand Trial
• Insanity, Intellectual Disability, and Capital Punishment
• Civil Commitment
• Preventive Detention and Problems in the Prediction of Dangerousness
• Protection of the Rights of People with Psychological Disorders
• Ethical Dilemmas in Therapy and Research
• Ethical Restraints on Research
• Informed Consent
• Confidentiality and Privileged Communication
• Summary
• APPENDIX: DSM-5 Diagnoses
• GLOSSARY
• REFERENCES
• NAME INDEX
• SUBJECT INDEX