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• Contributors
• Preface to Third Edition
• Part I Introduction
• 1 The Scope and Methods of Developmental Psychology
• Introduction
• Studying Changes With Age
• Concepts of Human Development
• Ways of Studying Development
• Beyond Common Sense: The Importance of Research Evidence
• Developmental Functions: Growing and Changing
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 2 Pathology of Brain Aging
• Introduction
• Motor Development
• Cognitive Development
• Information Processing Approaches
• Social-Cognitive Development
• Ethology and Evolution
• Emotional Development
• Psychoanalytic Theories
• Humanistic Theory – Abraham Maslow
• Putting it all Together – Different Theories for Different Needs
• Issues in Child Development
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 3 The Nature–Nurture Debate
• Introduction
• Cognitive Development
• Heritability
• Genetic Contributions to Cognitive Growth
• Environmental Influences on Cognitive Development
• Compensatory Education
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• Part II Infancy
• 4 Prenatal Development
• Introduction
• The Brain, The Spinal Cord and the Emergence of Mind
• Sensations
• Prenatal and Transnatal Auditory Learning
• Risks to Foetal Development
• Prenatal development of Postnatal Functions: The Bridge to Infancy
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 5 Perception, Knowledge and Action in Infancy
• Introduction
• Visual Perception from Birth to Six Months
• Infants’ Perception of People
• Infants’ Knowledge of the World
• Later Work on Infant Cognition
• Object Search Revisited
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 6 Emotional Development and Attachment Relationships
• Introduction
• Emotional Development
• Attachment Relationships
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 7 Early Social Interactions with People and Objects
• Introduction
• First Encounters with Others: Biology is Socially Oriented
• Adult–Infant Interaction Becomes Mutual
• The Magic Number Three: Early Triadic Interactions with Others and Objects from the Beginning?
• Premature Babies, Incubator and the Kangaroo Experience
• Gestures to Communicate with Others
• Functional Permanence of Objects and Communicative-Educational Practices
• Symbolic Uses of Objects
• General Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 8 The Development of Self and Gender
• Introduction
• Existential Self
• The Development of Self-Awareness
• I am Me But Am i Worthy? The Study of Self-Esteem – Definition, Measurement and Origin
• The Power of Language
• Perception of Body Attractiveness
• Gender Identity Development
• The Chosen Categorical Self
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• Note
• Part III Childhood
• 9 Cognitive Development
• Introduction
• Piaget’s Cognitive-Developmental Theory
• Case’s Neo-Piagetian Theory
• Siegler’s Overlapping Waves Theory
• Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Perspective
• Theory of Core Knowledge
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 10 The Development of Language
• Introduction
• What is Human Language?
• The Development of the Pragmatic System
• The Development of the Phonological System
• The Development of the Syntactic System
• The Acquisition of Word Meaning
• The Interaction of Language and Cognitive Development
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 11 Acquiring a Theory of Mind
• Introduction
• When do Children Begin to Understand that People Hold Beliefs?
• Do Children Acquire a Theory of Mind?
• Is There a Developmental Stage?
• Signs of Competence During Infancy: Can Infants Understand False Belief?
• Adults’ Difficulty with False Beliefs
• Factors that Influence Development
• Autism
• What is the Purpose of a Theory of Mind?
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 12 Reading and Mathematics in Developmental Psychology
• Introduction
• Reading and Writing
• Conditional Spelling Rules
• Number and Counting
• Number as a Cultural Tool
• Logic in the Understanding of Number
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 13 Memory Development and Eyewitness Testimony
• Introduction
• The Development of Memory
• The Memory Process
• Four Factors that Influence the Development of Memory: Knowledge, Strategies, Metamemory and Culture
• Children’s Eyewitness Testimony
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 14 Play and the Beginnings of peer relationships
• Introduction
• Early Peer Relationships
• The Beginnings of Play
• The Growth of Social Participation
• Functions of Play
• Social Status and Sociometry: The Measurement of Social Relationships in the Peer Group
• Friendship
• Sex Differences in Play and Social Behaviour
• Ethnicity
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 15 Prosocial Tendencies, Antisocial Behaviour and Moral Development in Childhood
• Introduction
• What do Prosocial and Antisocial Mean?
• Preview of the Research Review
• The Developmental Trajectory of Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviour and Thought
• Social Influences on Prosocial and Antisocial Development
• Development Within Relationships
• Culture and Development
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• Part IV Adolescence
• 16 Cognitive Development in Adolescence
• Introduction
• Perception and Attention
• Speed of Processing
• Memory
• Intelligence
• Reasoning
• Formal Operational Thinking
• Controversies About Piaget’s Theory and Research Regarding Formal Operational Thought
• Beyond Piaget’s Theory
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 17 Social Development
• Introduction
• Key Characteristics of Development
• G. Stanley Hall: Adolescence as Storm and Stress
• The Adolescent Social Environment: Kurt Lewin
• Puberty and Psychological Development: The Work of Anna Freud
• The Family and Adolescence: The Work of Peter Blos
• Peer Relations: The Ideas of Harry Stack Sullivan
• Erik Erikson and the Development of Identity in Adolescence
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• Part V Practical Issues
• 18 Educational Implications
• Introduction
• Child-Centred Psychology and Education
• Social Interaction, Learning And Development
• Psychology, Schools and Educational Reform
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 19 Risk and Resilience in Development
• Introduction
• Historical Background
• Risk Factors
• Measurement of Risk
• Protective/Vulnerability Factors
• Theoretical Models of Risk and Resilience
• Developmental Outcomes: Competence and Maladjustment
• Contributions of Risk and Resilience Research to the Design of Successful Interventions
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 20 Social problems in schools
• Introduction
• The School Context
• Victimisation and Bullying in School
• Interventions to Reduce Bullying
• School refusal
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• 21 Atypical development
• Introduction
• What is Atypical Development?
• Why Study Atypical Development?
• Methodological Approaches Used in the Study of Atypical Development
• Impact of Scientific Discovery and Technological Innovation on the Study of Pathways in Atypical Development
• Understanding Atypical Pathways
• Impact of the Absence of a Sensory Input on Developmental Pathways
• Environmental Risk Factors: The Case of Emotional Disturbance
• Summary and Conclusions
• Discussion Points
• Suggestions for Further Reading
• References
• Glossary
• Names Index
• Subject Index
• EULA