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• Cover Image
• Content
• Title
• Copyright
• 1. Introduction and Overview
• 1.1 Scope of the Subject and Recent Highlights
• 1.2 Some Definitions and Terms of Reference
• 1.3 A Brief Survey of the Atmosphere
• 1.4 What’s Next?
• 2. The Earth System
• 2.1 Components of the Earth System
• 2.2 The Hydrologic Cycle
• 2.3 The Carbon Cycle
• 2.4 Oxygen in the Earth System
• 2.5 A Brief History of Climate and the Earth System
• 2.6 Earth: The Habitable Planet
• 3. Atmospheric Thermodynamics
• 3.1 Gas Laws
• 3.2 The Hydrostatic Equation
• 3.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics15
• 3.4 Adiabatic Processes
• 3.5 Water Vapor in Air
• 3.6 Static Stability
• 3.7 The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy
• 4. Radiative Transfer
• 4.1 The Spectrum of Radiation
• 4.2 Quantitative Description of Radiation
• 4.3 Blackbody Radiation
• 4.4 Physics of Scattering and Absorption and Emission
• 4.5 Radiative Transfer in Planetary Atmospheres
• 4.6 Radiation Balance at the Top of the Atmosphere
• Exercises
• 5. Atmospheric Chemistry
• 5.1 Composition of Tropospheric Air
• 5.2 Sources, Transport, and Sinks of Trace Gases
• 5.3 Some Important Tropospheric Trace Gases
• 5.4 Tropospheric Aerosols
• 5.5 Air Pollution
• 5.6 Tropospheric Chemical Cycles
• 5.7 Stratospheric Chemistry
• 6. Cloud Microphysics
• 6.1 Nucleation of Water Vapor Condensation
• 6.2 Microstructures of Warm Clouds
• 6.3 Cloud Liquid Water Content and Entrainment
• 6.4 Growth of Cloud Droplets in Warm Clouds
• 6.5 Microphysics of Cold Clouds
• 6.6 Artificial Modification of Clouds and Precipitation
• 6.7 Thunderstorm Electrification
• 6.8 Cloud and Precipitation Chemistry48
• 7. Atmospheric Dynamics
• 7.1 Kinematics of the Large-Scale Horizontal Flow
• 7.2 Dynamics of Horizontal Flow
• 7.3 Primitive Equations
• 7.4 The Atmospheric General Circulation
• 7.5 Numerical Weather Prediction
• Exercises
• 8. Weather Systems
• 8.1 Extratropical Cyclones
• 8.2 Orographic Effects
• 8.3 Deep Convection
• 8.4 Tropical Cyclones
• 9. The Atmospheric Boundary Layer
• 9.1 Turbulence
• 9.2 The Surface Energy Balance
• 9.3 Vertical Structure
• 9.4 Evolution
• 9.5 Special Effects
• 9.6 The Boundary Layer in Context
• Exercises
• 10. Climate Dynamics
• 10.1 The Present-Day Climate
• 10.2 Climate Variability
• 10.3 Climate Equilibria, Sensitivity, and Feedbacks
• 10.4 Greenhouse Warming22
• 10.5 Climate Monitoring and Prediction
• Exercises
• Constants and Conversions for Atmospheric Science
• Universal Constants
• Air
• Water Substance
• Earth and Sun
• Units and Conversions
• Abbreviations Used in Captions
• Index
• International Geophysics Series