Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• Chapter 1: Introduction
• Lessons from the Past
• Ecological versus Historical Biogeography, and Plants versus Animals
• Biogeography and Creation
• The Distribution of Life Today
• Evolution – a Flawed and Dangerous Idea!
• Enter Darwin – and Wallace
• World Maps – the Biogeographical Regions of Plants and Animals
• Getting Around the World
• The Origins of Modern Historical Biogeography
• The Development of Ecological Biogeography
• Living Together
• Marine Biogeography
• Island Biogeography
• Biogeography Today
• Further Reading
• References
• Section I: The Challenge of Existing
• Chapter 2: Patterns of Distribution: Finding a Home
• Limits of Distribution
• The Niche
• Overcoming the Barriers
• Climatic Limits: The Palms
• A Successful Family: The Daisies (Asteraceae)
• Patterns Among Plovers
• Magnolias: Evolutionary Relicts
• The Strange Case of the Testate Amoeba
• Climatic Relicts
• Topographical Limits and Endemism
• Physical Limits
• Species Interactions: A Case of the Blues
• Competition
• Reducing Competition
• Predators and Prey, Parasites and Hosts
• Migration
• Invasion
• Further Reading
• References
• Chapter 3: Communities and Ecosystems: Living Together
• The Community
• The Ecosystem
• Ecosystems and Species Diversity
• Biotic Assemblages on a Global Scale
• Mountain Biomes
• Global Patterns of Climate
• Climate Diagrams
• Modelling Biomes and Climate
• Further Reading
• References
• Chapter 4: Patterns of Biodiversity
• Measuring Biodiversity: How Many Species are There?
• Latitudinal Gradients of Diversity
• Is Evolution Faster in the Tropics?
• The Legacy of Glaciation
• Latitude and Species Ranges
• Diversity and Altitude
• Biodiversity Hotspots
• Diversity in Space and Time
• The Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis
• Dynamic Biodiversity and Neutral Theory
• Further Reading
• References
• Section II: The Engines of the Planet
• Chapter 5: Plate Tectonics
• The Evidence for Plate Tectonics
• Changing Patterns of Continents
• How Plate Tectonics Changes the World
• Islands and Plate Tectonics
• Terranes
• Further Reading
• References
• Chapter 6: Evolution, the Source of Novelty
• The Origin of Novelty
• From Populations to Species
• Sympatry versus Allopatry
• Defining the Species
• Microevolution versus Macroevolution
• Adaptive Radiations
• Naming and Cataloguing the Living World
• Charting the Course of Evolution
• Morphology Gives Way to Molecules
• Darwin’s Finches Updated
• Further Reading
• References
• Section III: Islands and Oceans
• Chapter 7: Life, Death and Evolution on Islands
• Types of Island
• Getting There: The Challenges of Arriving
• Dying There: The Problems of Survival
• Adapting and Evolving
• The Hawaiian Islands
• Integrating the Data: The Theory of Island Biogeography
• Modifying the Theory
• The General Dynamic Model for Oceanic Island Biogeography
• Nestedness
• Living Together: Incidence and Assembly Rules
• Building an Ecosystem: The History of Rakata
• Further Reading
• References
• Chapter 8: Patterns in the Oceans
• Zones in the Ocean and on the Sea Floor
• Basic Biogeography of the Seas
• The Open‐Sea Environment
• The Ocean Floor
• The Shallow‐Sea Environment
• And Finally … Marine Biogeographical Realms of the World
• Further Reading
• References
• Section IV: Historical Biogeography
• Chapter 9: From Evolution to Patterns of Life
• Studying the Patterns
• Methods of Analyzing the Patterns
• Studying Organisms and their Molecules
• An Integrative Approach to Historical Biogeography
• Investigating the More Distant Past
• Further Reading
• References
• Chapter 10: Geography, Life and Climates Through Time
• Introduction
• Early Land Life on the Moving Continents
• Animal Life Through the Mesozoic
• The End of the Mesozoic World
• Climates and Plants Through Time
• Reconstructing Plant Life and Biomes
• Evolution of the Mammals
• The Mesozoic Roots of the Radiation of Modern Mammals
• Further Reading
• References
• Chapter 11: Patterns of Life Today
• The Biogeographical Regions Today
• The History of Today’s Biogeographical Regions
• The Old World Tropics: Africa, India and Southeast Asia
• Australia
• New Caledonia
• New Zealand
• The West Indies
• South America
• The Northern Hemisphere: Holarctic Mammals and Boreal Plants
• Further Reading
• References
• Chapter 12: The Arrival of the Ice Ages
• Climatic Wiggles
• Interglacials and Interstadials
• Biological Changes in the Pleistocene
• The Last Glacial
• Causes of Glaciation
• The Current Interglacial: A False Start
• Forests on the Move
• The Dry Lands
• Changing Sea Levels
• A Time of Warmth
• Climatic Cooling
• Recorded History
• Atmosphere and Oceans: Short‐Term Climate Change
• The Future
• Further Reading
• References
• Section V: People and Problems
• Chapter 13: The Human Intrusion
• The Emergence of Humans
• Modern Humans and the Megafaunal Extinctions
• Plant Domestication and Agriculture
• Animal Domestication
• The Diversification of Homo sapiens
• The Biogeography of Human Parasitic Diseases
• The Environmental Impact of Early Human Cultures
• Further Reading
• References
• Chapter 14: Conservation Biogeography
• Welcome to the Anthropocene
• The Sixth Mass Extinction?
• Less, and Less Interesting
• What’s Behind the Biodiversity Crisis?
• Crisis Management: Responding to Biodiversity Loss
• The Birth of Conservation Biogeography
• The Scope of Conservation Biogeography
• Conservation Biogeography in Action
• The Future is Digital
• Conclusions
• Further Reading
• References
• Glossary
• Index
• Supplemental Images
• End User License Agreement