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• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Acknowledgments
• Contents
• Preface
• To the Student
• About the Authors
• 1 Chemistry
• 1.1 Science and Technology: The Roots of Knowledge
• 1.2 Science: Reproducible, Testable, Tentative, Predictive, and Explanatory
• 1.3 Science and Technology: Risks and Benefits
• 1.4 Solving Society’s Problems: Scientific Research
• 1.5 Chemistry: A Study of Matter and Its Changes
• 1.6 Classification of Matter
• 1.7 The Measurement of Matter
• 1.8 Density
• 1.9 Energy: Heat and Temperature
• 1.10 Critical Thinking
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Green Chemistry: Reimagining Chemistry for a Sustainable World
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Rainbow Density Column
• 2 Atoms
• 2.1 Atoms: Ideas from the Ancient Greeks
• 2.2 Scientific Laws: Conservation of Mass and Definite Proportions
• 2.3 John Dalton and the Atomic Theory of Matter
• 2.4 The Mole and Molar Mass
• 2.5 Mendeleev and the Periodic Table
• 2.6 Atoms and Molecules: Real and Relevant
• GREEN CHEMISTRY It’s Elemental
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Reaction in a Bag: Demonstrating the Law of Conservation of Matter
• 3 Atomic Structure
• 3.1 Electricity and the Atom
• 3.2 Serendipity in Science: X-Rays and Radioactivity
• 3.3 Three Types of Radioactivity
• 3.4 Rutherford’s Experiment: The Nuclear Model of the Atom
• 3.5 The Atomic Nucleus
• 3.6 Electron Arrangement: The Bohr Model
• 3.7 Electron Arrangement: The Quantum Model
• 3.8 Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Clean Energy from Solar Fuels
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Birthday Candle Flame Test
• 4 Chemical Bonds
• 4.1 The Art of Deduction: Stable Electron Configurations
• 4.2 Lewis (Electron-Dot) Symbols
• 4.3 The Reaction of Sodium and Chlorine
• 4.4 Using Lewis Symbols for Ionic Compounds
• 4.5 Formulas and Names of Binary Ionic Compounds
• 4.6 Covalent Bonds: Shared Electron Pairs
• 4.7 Unequal Sharing: Polar Covalent Bonds
• 4.8 Polyatomic Molecules: Water, Ammonia, and Methane
• 4.9 Polyatomic Ions
• 4.10 Rules for Writing Lewis Formulas
• 4.11 Molecular Shapes: The VSEPR Theory
• 4.12 Shapes and Properties: Polar and Nonpolar Molecules
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Green Chemistry and Chemical Bonds
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Molecular Shapes: Please Don’t Eat the Atoms!
• 5 Chemical Accounting
• 5.1 Chemical Sentences: Equations
• 5.2 Volume Relationships in Chemical Equations
• 5.3 Avogadro’s Number and the Mole
• 5.4 Molar Mass: Mole-to-Mass and Mass-to-Mole Conversions
• 5.5 Solutions
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Atom Economy
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Cookie Equations
• 6 Gases, Liquids, Solids and Intermolecular Forces
• 6.1 Solids, Liquids, and Gases
• 6.2 Comparing Ionic and Molecular Substances
• 6.3 Forces between Molecules
• 6.4 Forces in Solutions
• 6.5 Gases: The Kinetic–Molecular Theory
• 6.6 The Simple Gas Laws
• 6.7 The Ideal Gas Law
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Supercritical Fluids
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Blow Up My Balloon
• 7 Acids and Bases
• 7.1 Acids and Bases: Experimental Definitions
• 7.2 Acids, Bases, and Salts
• 7.3 Acidic and Basic Anhydrides
• 7.4 Strong and Weak Acids and Bases
• 7.5 Neutralization
• 7.6 The pH Scale
• 7.7 Buffers and Conjugate Acid–Base Pairs
• 7.8 Acids and Bases in Industry and in Daily Life
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Acids and Bases–Greener Alternatives
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Acids and Bases and pH, Oh My!
• 8 Oxidation and Reduction
• 8.1 Oxidation and Reduction: Four Views
• 8.2 Oxidizing and Reducing Agents
• 8.3 Electrochemistry: Cells and Batteries
• 8.4 Corrosion and Explosion
• 8.5 Oxygen: An Abundant and Essential Oxidizing Agent
• 8.6 Some Common Reducing Agents
• 8.7 Oxidation, Reduction, and Living Things
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Green Redox Catalysis
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Light My Fruit
• 9 Organic Chemistry
• 9.1 Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
• 9.2 Aromatic Compounds: Benzene and Its Relatives
• 9.3 Halogenated Hydrocarbons: Many Uses, Some Hazards
• 9.4 The Functional Group
• 9.5 Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers
• 9.6 Aldehydes and Ketones
• 9.7 Carboxylic Acids and Esters
• 9.8 Nitrogen-Containing Compounds: Amines and Amides
• GREEN CHEMISTRY The Art of Organic Synthesis: Green Chemists Find a Better Way
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Saturate This!
• 10 Polymers
• 10.1 Polymerization: Making Big Ones Out of Little Ones
• 10.2 Polyethylene: From the Battle of Britain to Bread Bags
• 10.3 Addition Polymerization: One + One + One + … Gives One!
• 10.4 Rubber and Other Elastomers
• 10.5 Condensation Polymers
• 10.6 Properties of Polymers
• 10.7 Plastics and the Environment
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Life-Cycle Impact Assessment of New Products
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Polymer Bouncing Ball
• 11 Nuclear Chemistry
• 11.1 Natural Radioactivity
• 11.2 Nuclear Equations
• 11.3 Half-Life and Radioisotopic Dating
• 11.4 Artificial Transmutation
• 11.5 Uses of Radioisotopes
• 11.6 Penetrating Power of Radiation
• 11.7 Energy from the Nucleus
• 11.8 Nuclear Bombs
• 11.9 Uses and Consequences of Nuclear Energy
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Can Nuclear Power Be Green?
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME The Brief Half-Life of Candy
• 12 Chemistry of Earth
• 12.1 Spaceship Earth: Structure and Composition
• 12.2 Silicates and the Shapes of Things
• 12.3 Metals and Ores
• 12.4 Earth’s Dwindling Resources
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Critical Supply of Key Elements
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Fizzy Flintstones, Crumbling Calcium Carbonate
• 13 Air
• 13.1 Earth’s Atmosphere: Divisions and Composition
• 13.2 Chemistry of the Atmosphere
• 13.3 Pollution through the Ages
• 13.4 Automobile Emissions
• 13.5 Photochemical Smog: Making Haze While the Sun Shines
• 13.6 Acid Rain: Air Pollution → Water Pollution
• 13.7 The Inside Story: Indoor Air Pollution
• 13.8 Stratospheric Ozone: Earth’s Vital Shield
• 13.9 Carbon Dioxide and Climate Change
• 13.10 Who Pollutes? Who Pays?
• GREEN CHEMISTRY It’s Not Easy Being Green
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Let the Sun Shine
• 14 Water
• 14.1 Water: Some Unique Properties
• 14.2 Water in Nature
• 14.3 Chemical and Biological Contamination
• 14.4 Groundwater Contamination → Tainted Tap Water
• 14.5 Water: Who Uses It and How Much?
• 14.6 Making Water Fit to Drink
• 14.7 Wastewater Treatment
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Fate of Chemicals in the Water Environment
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Disappearing Dilution
• 15 Energy
• 15.1 Our Sun, a Giant Nuclear Power Plant
• 15.2 Energy and Chemical Reactions
• 15.3 Reaction Rates
• 15.4 The Laws of Thermodynamics
• 15.5 Power: People, Horses, and Fossils
• 15.6 Coal: The Carbon Rock of Ages
• 15.7 Natural Gas and Petroleum
• 15.8 Convenient Energy
• 15.9 Nuclear Energy
• 15.10 Renewable Energy Sources
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Where Will We Get the Energy?
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Some Like It Hot and Some Like It Cool!
• 16 Biochemistry
• 16.1 Energy and the Living Cell
• 16.2 Carbohydrates: A Storehouse of Energy
• 16.3 Fats and Other Lipids
• 16.4 Proteins: Polymers of Amino Acids
• 16.5 Structure and Function of Proteins
• 16.6 Nucleic Acids: Parts, Structure, and Function
• 16.7 RNA: Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code
• 16.8 The Human Genome
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Green Chemistry and Biochemistry
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME DNA Dessert
• 17 Food
• 17.1 Carbohydrates in the Diet
• 17.2 Fats and Cholesterol
• 17.3 Proteins: Muscle and Much More
• 17.4 Minerals, Vitamins, and Other Essentials
• 17.5 Starvation, Fasting, and Malnutrition
• 17.6 Flavorings: Spicy and Sweet
• 17.7 Other Food Additives: Beneficial or Dangerous?
• 17.8 Problems with Our Food
• GREEN CHEMISTRY The Future of Food Waste – A Green Chemistry Perspective
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME How Sweet It Is to Be Fermented by You!
• 18 Drugs
• 18.1 Scientific Drug Design
• 18.2 Pain Relievers: From Aspirin to Oxycodone
• 18.3 Drugs and Infectious Diseases
• 18.4 Chemicals against Cancer
• 18.5 Hormones: The Regulators
• 18.6 Drugs for the Heart
• 18.7 Drugs and the Mind
• 18.8 Drugs and Society
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Green Pharmaceutical Production
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Heal My Heartburn
• 19 Fitness and Health
• 19.1 Calories: Quantity and Quality
• 19.2 Vitamins, Minerals, Fluids, and Electrolytes
• 19.3 Weight Loss: Diets and Exercise
• 19.4 Measuring Fitness
• 19.5 Some Muscular Chemistry
• 19.6 Drugs, Athletic Performance, and the Brain
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Your Fitness Benefits the Planet
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Pumping Iron for Breakfast
• 20 Chemistry Down on the Farm
• 20.1 Farming with Chemicals: Fertilizers
• 20.2 The War against Pests
• 20.3 Herbicides and Defoliants
• 20.4 Sustainable Agriculture
• 20.5 Looking to the Future: Feeding a Growing, Hungry World
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Safer Pesticides through Biomimicry and Green Chemistry
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Wash Away the Weeds
• 21 Household Chemicals
• 21.1 Cleaning with Soap
• 21.2 Synthetic Detergents
• 21.3 Laundry Auxiliaries: Softeners and Bleaches
• 21.4 All-Purpose and Special-Purpose Cleaning Products
• 21.5 Solvents, Paints, and Waxes
• 21.6 Cosmetics: Personal-Care Chemicals
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Practicing Green Chemistry at Home
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Happy Hands
• 22 Poisons
• 22.1 Natural Poisons
• 22.2 Poisons and How They Act
• 22.3 More Chemistry of the Nervous System
• 22.4 The Lethal Dose
• 22.5 The Liver as a Detox Facility
• 22.6 Carcinogens and Teratogens
• 22.7 Hazardous Wastes
• GREEN CHEMISTRY Designing Safer Chemicals with Green Chemistry
• Summary
• Review Questions
• Problems
• Additional Problems
• Critical Thinking Exercises
• Collaborative Group Projects
• CHEMISTRY HOME Salty Seeds
• Appendix: Review of Measurement and Mathematics
• Glossary
• A
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• D
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• F
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• R
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• X
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• Brief Answers to Selected Problems
• Credits
• Index
• A
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• C
• D
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• F
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