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• Introduction
• About This Book
• Conventions Used in This Book
• Foolish Assumptions
• Icons Used in This Book
• Beyond the Book
• Where to Go from Here
• Part I: Getting Started with Clinical Nutrition
• Chapter 1: Getting Started with Clinical Nutrition
• Pillars of the Practice: Recognizing theLinks between Nutrition and Health
• Revisiting traditional views of food and health
• Introducing the key tenets of clinical nutrition
• Taking a New(-ish) Approach toMedical Care and Public Health
• Preventing disease
• Devising therapeutic measures to treat disease
• Addressing nutritional needs throughout your lifespan
• Increasing Visibility (and Abbreviations) through Key Organizations
• Walking the hallowed halls: Clinical nutrition in academia
• Getting better: Clinical nutrition in healthcare settings
• Selling wellness: Clinical nutrition as a business
• Affecting public policy: Governmental organizations
• Chapter 2: Nutrition 101
• The ABCMVs of Eating
• Introducing a common-sense diet
• Determining whether your diet is adequate
• Balancing your diet
• Keeping caloric intake in check
• Following the “everything in moderation” rule
• Spicing up your life with variety
• Knowing Your Nutrients
• Energizing nutrients: Proteins, carbs, and fats
• Aiding in body function: Vitamins and minerals
• Water: The most important nutrient
• Examining the essentials — essential nutrients, that is
• Exploring Nutrient Mobility and Use
• Chapter 3: Determining Whether You’re Eating Correctly
• The Dietary Reference Intakes: An Alphabet Soup of Recommendations
• The RDA: Setting recommended intake values
• Estimated energy requirements (EERs): Monitoring your energy intake
• Upper intake levels (ULs): Determining nutritional safety
• Acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDR): Preventing disease
• Beyond the U.S.: Standards from around the World
• The European Food Safety Authority
• Australia’s Food for Health
• The UN’s World Health Organization
• Vetting Nutrition Information
• Going to expert sources
• Judging the quality of online information
• Evaluating the usefulness of the study findings
• Assessing Your Lifestyle Choices
• Keeping track of your habits
• Giving yourself a bit of leeway
• Reading food labels
• Chapter 4: The Grim Reality of Worldwide Wellness
• From Infectious to Chronic Diseases: A Global Transformation
• Making the epidemiological transition
• Getting familiar with chronic disease: Public Enemy Number1
• Garbage In, Garbage Out: Why What You’re Eating Is Killing You
• Making a link between diet and disease
• Taking its toll on your mental and cognitive health
• Tackling Nutrition Head On: Common Strategies
• Is there a pill for that? Taking supplements
• Dieting: What is it and who should be doing it?
• Accepting that the solution is long term
• Part II: You Are What You Eat
• Chapter 5: Observing Obesity
• Gaining Basic Info about Obesity and Being Overweight
• Balancing energy intake and output
• Determining how much energy intake you need
• Measuring Weight and Body Fat
• Calculating Body Mass Index (BMI)
• Using anthropometric body fat tests
• Comorbidities: Encountering Obesity and the Diseases That Go with It
• Introducing obesity-related diseases
• Bellying up to bar: Central adiposity
• Underlying mental health complications of being obese
• Achieving and Maintaining a Healthy Body Weight
• Consulting a dietary health professional about losing weight
• Implementing medical therapy
• Rising Global Morbidity Rates
• Doing a survey of the people and regions affected
• Understanding the spread of obesity around the world
• Chapter 6: Concerning Yourself and Cancer
• Grasping Cancer Basics
• Understanding global cancer epidemiology
• Discovering how cancer develops: Free radicals and carcinogens
• Seeing how cancer progresses
• Noting Nutritional Risks
• Eating a high-energy diet with a side of sedentary lifestyle
• Consuming a lot of red meat
• Drinking too much alcohol
• Taking Charge of Your Nutrition to Ward Off a Cancer Diagnosis
• Promoting healthy lifestyles through a multifaceted approach
• Adapting behaviors to reduce cancer risk
• Making healthy changes to your diet
• Chapter 7: Cracking the Cardiovascular Case
• Clarifying Confusing Terminology about Cardiovascular Disease
• Attacking Atherosclerosis
• Watching how atherosclerosis develops
• Plucking away at your heart strains
• Clotting up a storm
• Figuring Out the Risk Factors of CVD
• Eating Your Way to a Healthy Heart
• Controlling cholesterol
• Taking care of fats
• DASH-ing your diet for good health
• Putting Together Your Action Plan
• Chapter 8: Discussing Diabetes
• Outlining the Physiology of the Disease
• Gaining insight on blood glucose
• Understanding the purpose of insulin
• Defining Diabetes
• Distinguishing between type 1 and type 2 diabetes
• Toxic effects of diabetes
• Paying attention to warning signs
• Clarifying the risk factors
• Preventing and Treating Diabetes through Diet and Lifestyle
• Controlling blood glucose levels
• Reducing your carbs
• Determining how stringent your diet must be
• Timing your meals
• Chapter 9: Caring about Kidney Disease
• Getting Comfortable with Your Kidneys
• Understanding Kidney Disease
• Moving through the stages
• Calculating the global rate of chronic kidney disease
• Dieting to Prevent Kidney Disease
• Knowing which foods to restrict or avoid
• Deciding which foods to eat
• Dieting to Treat Kidney Disease
• Focusing on food and fluid restrictions
• Leaving the diet planning to professionals
• Casting No Kidney Stones
• Materials that make up kidney stones
• Limiting oxalates
• Avoiding foods high in purines
• Chapter 10: All about Food Safety
• Assessing Food Adulteration
• Understanding the motivation behind adulteration
• Identifying common types of adulteration
• Looking for signs of adulteration in food
• Controlling Food Contamination
• Discovering the prevalence of contamination
• Recognizing the risks contaminants pose to your health
• Taking steps to prevent contamination
• Discussing Foodborne Disease
• Passing on the poison: Foods that are naturally toxic
• Minding your microbes: Foodborne illness caused by contamination
• Being safe with food choice
• Part III: Major Organ Systems and Nutrition
• Chapter 11: Gaining Insight on the Gastrointestinal System
• Making Up the Gastrointestinal System
• Mentioning your mouth
• Explaining your esophagus
• Understanding your stomach’s role
• Your wondrous small intestine
• Concerning the colon (large intestine)
• Reviewing the rectum and anus
• Discussing Some Functional Disorders of the GI Tract
• Discussing constipation
• Acid reflux
• Barrett’s esophagus
• Peptic ulcers
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
• Discussing diverticular disease
• Colon polyps and cancer
• Eating Your Way to Healthy Guts
• Figuring out what foods to avoid
• Figuring out which foods to eat
• Chapter 12: Caring for the Cardiovascular System
• Making Up the Cardiovascular System
• Keeping the beat: Your heart
• Transporting oxygen and removing waste
• Getting in on the bloody basics
• Hurting the heart: Cardiovascular disease
• Eating Your Way to a Healthy Cardiovascular System
• Keeping away from bad fats
• Staying away from sodium
• Focusing on fish and flaxseed
• Going nuts for nuts
• Eating your fruits and vegetables
• Hopping on the whole grain bandwagon
• Enjoying wine and dark chocolate
• Chapter 13: Exploring the Endocrine System
• Outlining the Basics of the Endocrine System
• Glancing at different types of glands
• Shhh . . . It’s a secrete! Discovering how endocrine glands work
• Taking Care of Your Endocrine Health
• It’s number 1 (unfortunately)! Diabetes
• Getting gout
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Combating osteomalacia (rickets)
• Osteoporosis
• Noting health problems related to thyroid function
• Interacting with the digestive system: The pancreas
• Eating your way to a healthy endocrine system
• Chapter 14: The Ins and Outs of the Excretory System
• Taking a Trip through the Excretory System
• Identifying the system’s key components
• Watching the system in action
• Going beyond Urination: What This System Actually Does
• Balancing water levels in the blood
• Protecting your body from toxins
• Regulating blood sodium levels
• Maintaining a Healthy Excretory System
• Making good food choices
• Eliminating additives
• Following other dietary recommendations
• Exercising for the sweat
• Dealing with Urinary Tract Infections
• Enjoying foods that prevent or reduce the effects of UTIs
• Taking other steps to avoid a UTI
• Part IV: Nutrition through the Lifespan
• Chapter 15: Having a Baby? Pre- and Post-Natal Nutrition
• Adopting Healthy Lifestyles during the Conception Period: The Basics
• Teaming up: Steps both moms- and dads-to-be can take
• Chatting with your doc: A checklist
• Identifying What Dad Can Do to Boost Fertility
• Paying attention to diet
• Taking other steps to improve fertility
• What Mom Can Do: Preparing Her Body to Sustain a Healthy Pregnancy
• Regulating your weight
• Prepping your placenta for pregnancy
• You’re Pregnant — Now What?
• Understanding the process of trimester development
• Eating while pregnant: A trimester guide
• Managing calories and weight gain during pregnancy
• Chapter 16: Caring for Kids, from Infancy through the Teen Years
• The Building Blocks of a Healthy Diet for Children
• Being aware of the changing dietary needs as children grow
• Facing common challenges when making the transition to solid foods
• Identifying good sources of nutrients for infant and toddler diets
• Getting the proper amounts and right kinds of energy
• Getting your vitamins and minerals
• Taking care with iron and lead
• A word about supplements
• Fitting in healthy snacks
• Patrolling What Your Children Eat
• Providing an inviting environment
• Avoiding choking hazards
• Beyond pickiness: Identifying food intolerances, aversions, and allergies
• Deciding on school lunches
• Understanding the Effects of Diet on Your Child’s Health
• Eating breakfast: The most important meal of the day for children
• Gimme some sugar: Addressing the causes of hyperactivity
• Popping those pimples
• Caring for those cavities
• Chapter 17: Making Sense of Middle Age
• Coming to Grips with Your Changing Body
• Paying attention to changes in body shape
• Noting how body movement changes
• Paying attention to changes in body function
• Taking action to offset the effects of aging
• Paying Extra Attention to Your Diet
• Minding your vitamins and minerals
• Getting enough of the energy nutrients
• Racing to Save Your Exercise Habits
• Recognizing the challenges to maintaining an exercise routine
• Incorporating exercise into a busy schedule
• Some Final Tips for Mastering Middle Age
• Chapter 18: Retiring into the Golden Years
• Accepting the Changes That Age Brings
• Losing muscle mass and bone density
• Disappearing digestive ability
• Managing menopause
• Paying attention to your mental health
• Addressing the Nutritional Needs of the Elderly
• Curbing your energy intake
• Planning for protein
• Fitting fats into your diet
• Concerning carbohydrates
• Vitamins, minerals, and water
• Fighting Common Diseases of the Elderly with Diet
• Protecting yourself from prostate cancer
• Protecting yourself from breast cancer
• Protecting yourself from Alzheimer’s disease and dementia
• Keeping It Simple and Structured
• Part V: Theoretical Foundations of Health Behavior
• Chapter 19: Modifying Health Behaviors
• Grasping the Theoretical Foundations of Health Behaviors
• Reaching through people’s differing opinions, ideas, and notions
• Getting familiar with the terminology
• Examining the Influence of Personality
• Myers-Briggs personality assessment
• Looking at the Locus of Control model
• Examining Environmental Influences
• Understanding the three different environments
• Putting these environments together: Reciprocal Determinism
• Intending to Perform Behaviors: The Key to Action
• Modeling Behaviors with Behavior Models
• The Health Belief model
• The Theory of Planned Behavior
• The Transtheoretical model
• Chapter 20: Communicating Health Information
• Communicating Health Information: The Basics
• Defining health communication
• Introducing informed decision-making
• Trying your hand with an example scenario
• Grasping the Art and Science of Communicating
• Getting the nuts and bolts right: The content
• Being content with your message’s language
• Knowing your audience: The receiver
• Engaging your audience
• Working through an example
• Taking Your Communication to the Next Level
• Exploring intrapersonal influences
• Understanding community complexities
• Assessing the political effect on communication
• Part VI: The Part of Tens
• Chapter 21: Ten of the Greatest Superfoods
• Beans
• Blueberries
• Broccoli
• Garlic
• Honey
• Salmon
• Soybeans and Other Soy Products
• Vinegar
• Walnuts and Almonds
• Yogurt
• Chapter 22: Ten Things to Know about Eating Disorders
• Three Main Types of Eating Disorders Exist
• Disordered Eating Is Different from Eating Disorders
• The Rate of Eating Disorders Is Increasing
• Men Suffer from Eating Disorders, Too
• Binge Eating Is Commonly Diagnosed among Adults
• You Can Be Overweight or Obese and Have Bulimia
• One Symptom Does Not an Eating Disorder Make
• Anorexia Nervosa Is the Most Deadly Eating Disorder
• Mental Health Treatment Is a Large Component of the Cure
• You Need to Be on the Lookout for Warning Signs
• Chapter 23: Ten International Resources You Don’t Want to Miss
• The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation (ANDF)
• Australasian Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (AuSPEN)
• The British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (BAPEN)
• Irish Society for Clinical Nutritional and Metabolism (IrSPEN)
• The Nevin Scrimshaw International Nutrition Foundation (INF)
• The Nutritional Barometer
• Nutrition Education and Consumer Awareness Group
• UNICEF
• Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS)
• World Public Health Nutrition Association (WPHNA)
• About the Author
• Cheat Sheet
• More Dummies Products