Galois Theory

Höfundur Ian Stewart

Útgefandi Taylor & Francis

Snið ePub

Print ISBN 9781032101590

Útgáfa 5

Útgáfuár 2023

9.690 kr.

Description

Efnisyfirlit

  • Cover Page
  • Half-Title Page
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Contents
  • Acknowledgements
  • Preface to the Fifth Edition
  • Historical Introduction
  • 1 Classical Algebra
  • 1.1 Complex Numbers
  • 1.2 Subfields and Subrings of the Complex Numbers
  • 1.3 Solving Equations
  • 1.4 Solution by Radicals
  • 2 The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra
  • 2.1 Polynomials
  • 2.2 Fundamental Theorem of Algebra
  • 2.3 Implications
  • 3 Factorisation of Polynomials
  • 3.1 The Euclidean Algorithm
  • 3.2 Irreducibility
  • 3.3 Gauss’s Lemma
  • 3.4 Eisenstein’s Criterion
  • 3.5 Reduction Modulo p
  • 3.6 Zeros of Polynomials
  • 4 Field Extensions
  • 4.1 Field Extensions
  • 4.2 Rational Expressions
  • 4.3 Simple Extensions
  • 5 Simple Extensions
  • 5.1 Algebraic and Transcendental Extensions
  • 5.2 The Minimal Polynomial
  • 5.3 Simple Algebraic Extensions
  • 5.4 Classifying Simple Extensions
  • 6 The Degree of an Extension
  • 6.1 Definition of the Degree
  • 6.2 The Tower Law
  • 6.3 Primitive Element Theorem
  • 7 Ruler-and-Compass Constructions
  • 7.1 Approximate Constructions and More General Instruments
  • 7.2 Constructions in ℂ
  • 7.3 Specific Constructions
  • 7.4 Impossibility Proofs
  • 7.5 Construction from a Given Set of Points
  • 8 The Idea behind Galois Theory
  • 8.1 A First Look at Galois Theory
  • 8.2 Galois Groups According to Galois
  • 8.3 How to Use the Galois Group
  • 8.4 The Abstract Setting
  • 8.5 Polynomials and Extensions
  • 8.6 The Galois Correspondence
  • 8.7 Diet Galois
  • 8.8 Natural Irrationalities
  • 9 Normality and Separability
  • 9.1 Splitting Fields
  • 9.2 Normality
  • 9.3 Separability
  • 10 Counting Principles
  • 10.1 Linear Independence of Monomorphisms
  • 11 Field Automorphisms
  • 11.1 K-Monomorphisms
  • 11.2 Normal Closures
  • 12 The Galois Correspondence
  • 12.1 The Fundamental Theorem of Galois Theory
  • 13 Worked Examples
  • 13.1 Examples of Galois Groups
  • 13.2 Discussion
  • 14 Solubility and Simplicity
  • 14.1 Soluble Groups
  • 14.2 Simple Groups
  • 14.3 Cauchy’s Theorem
  • 15 Solution by Radicals
  • 15.1 Radical Extensions
  • 15.2 An Insoluble Quintic
  • 15.3 Other Methods
  • 16 Abstract Rings and Fields
  • 16.1 Rings and Fields
  • 16.2 General Properties of Rings and Fields
  • 16.3 Polynomials Over General Rings
  • 16.4 The Characteristic of a Field
  • 16.5 Integral Domains
  • 17 Abstract Field Extensions and Galois Groups
  • 17.1 Minimal Polynomials
  • 17.2 Simple Algebraic Extensions
  • 17.3 Splitting Fields
  • 17.4 Normality
  • 17.5 Separability
  • 17.6 Galois Theory for Abstract Fields
  • 17.7 Conjugates and Minimal Polynomials
  • 17.8 The Primitive Element Theorem
  • 17.9 Algebraic Closure of a Field
  • 18 The General Polynomial Equation
  • 18.1 Transcendence Degree
  • 18.2 Elementary Symmetric Polynomials
  • 18.3 The General Polynomial
  • 18.4 Cyclic Extensions
  • 18.5 Solving Equations of Degree Four or Less
  • 18.6 Explicit Formulas
  • 19 Finite Fields
  • 19.1 Structure of Finite Fields
  • 19.2 The Multiplicative Group
  • 19.3 Counterexample to the Primitive Element Theorem
  • 19.4 Application to Solitaire
  • 20 Regular Polygons
  • 20.1 What Euclid Knew
  • 20.2 Which Constructions are Possible?
  • 20.3 Regular Polygons
  • 20.4 Fermat Numbers
  • 20.5 How to Construct a Regular 17-gon
  • 21 Circle Division
  • 21.1 Genuine Radicals
  • 21.2 Fifth Roots Revisited
  • 21.3 Vandermonde Revisited
  • 21.4 The General Case
  • 21.5 Cyclotomic Polynomials
  • 21.6 Galois Group of ℚ(ζ)/ℚ
  • 21.7 Constructions Using a Trisector
  • 22 Calculating Galois Groups
  • 22.1 Transitive Subgroups
  • 22.2 Bare Hands on the Cubic
  • 22.3 The Discriminant
  • 22.4 General Algorithm for the Galois Group
  • 23 Algebraically Closed Fields
  • 23.1 Ordered Fields and Their Extensions
  • 23.2 Sylow’s Theorem
  • 23.3 The Algebraic Proof
  • 24 Transcendental Numbers
  • 24.1 Irrationality
  • 24.2 Transcendence of e
  • 24.3 Transcendence of π
  • 25 What Did Galois Do or Know?
  • 25.1 List of the Relevant Material
  • 25.2 The First Memoir
  • 25.3 What Galois Proved
  • 25.4 What is Galois up to?
  • 25.5 Alternating Groups, Especially A5
  • 25.6 Simple Groups Known to Galois
  • 25.7 Speculations about Proofs
  • 25.8 A5 is Unique
  • 26 Further Directions
  • 26.1 Inverse Galois Problem
  • 26.2 Differential Galois Theory
  • 26.3 p-adic Numbers
  • References
  • Index

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