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• New to This Edition
• Acknowledgments
• About the Authors
• Introduction
• Part I Characteristics of Teams
• Chapter 1 Understanding Teams
• Learning Objectives
• 1.1 Why Groups and Teams Matter
• 1.2 Defining Groups
• 1.3 Defining Teams
• 1.4 Why Organizations Use Teams
• Organizational Characteristics
• Job Characteristics
• 1.5 Purposes and Types of Teams
• How Organizations Use Teams
• Classifying Teams
• 1.6 History of Teams and Group Dynamics
• Foundations of Teamwork
• Foundations of Group Dynamics
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 1
• Survey: Attitudes Toward Teamwork
• Activity: Working in Teams
• Chapter 2 Defining Team Success
• Learning Objectives
• 2.1 Nature of Team Success
• Completing the Task
• Developing Social Relations
• Benefiting the Individual
• 2.2 Conditions for Team Success
• Team Composition
• Characteristics of the Task
• Teamwork Processes
• Organizational Context
• 2.3 Characteristics of Successful Teams
• Team Structures
• Collective Intelligence
• Teaming Mindset
• 2.4 Positive-Psychology View of Team Success
• 2.5 Using Teams in the Workplace
• Benefits of Teamwork
• Problems of Teamwork
• When the Use of Teams Becomes a Fad
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 2
• Activity: Understanding Team Success
• Part II Processes of Teamwork
• Chapter 3 Team Beginnings
• Learning Objectives
• 3.1 Stages of Group Development
• Group Development Perspective
• Project Development Perspective
• Cyclical Perspective
• Implications of Team Development Stages
• 3.2 Group Socialization
• Team Turnover
• 3.3 Team Goals
• Value and Characteristics of Goals
• Goals Gone Wild
• Hidden Agendas
• 3.4 Team Norms
• How Norms Are Formed
• Impact of Team Norms
• 3.5 Application: Jump-Starting Project Teams
• Building Social Relations
• Clarifying Roles and Responsibilities
• Team Charter
• Developing Virtual Teams
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 3
• Activity: Observing Team Development
• Activity: Developing a Team Charter
• Chapter 4 Understanding the Basic Team Processes
• Learning Objectives
• 4.1 Motivation
• Social Loafing
• Increasing Team Motivation
• 4.2 Group Cohesion
• How Cohesion Affects the Team’s Performance
• Building Group Cohesion
• 4.3 Team Roles
• Role Stress
• Types of Team Meeting Roles
• 4.4 Task and Social Behaviors
• Value of Social Behaviors
• 4.5 Team Adaptation and Learning
• Team Mental Models
• Transactive Memory Systems
• Reflexivity and Team Debriefing
• Using Feedback
• Group Process Observations
• 4.6 Basic Team Processes in Virtual Teams
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 4
• Activity: Tracking Teamwork Behaviors
• Chapter 5 Cooperation and Competition
• Learning Objectives
• 5.1 Teamwork as a Mixed-Motive Situation
• 5.2 Why Are People in Teams Competitive?
• Culture
• Personality
• Organizational Rewards
• 5.3 Problems With Competition
• Competition Erodes Trust
• Competition Reduces Learning
• Intergroup Competition
• When Is Competition Appropriate?
• 5.4 Benefits of and Problems With Cooperation
• Benefits of Cooperation
• Problems With Cooperation
• Competitive Versus Cooperative Rewards
• 5.5 Application: Encouraging Cooperation
• Common Goals
• Rebuilding Trust and Communication
• Encouraging Altruistic Norms
• Negotiating Cooperation
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 5
• Survey: Cooperative, Competitive, or Individualistic Orientation
• Activity: Understanding Competitive Versus Cooperative Goals
• Chapter 6 Communication
• Learning Objectives
• 6.1 The Communication Process
• Verbal Communication
• Nonverbal Communication
• Communication Within Teams
• 6.2 Flow of a Team’s Communication
• Dysfunctional Information Processing Within the Team
• Gender and Communication
• Repairing Trust
• Psychological Safety
• Communication Climates
• 6.3 Emotional Intelligence
• 6.4 Facilitating Team Meetings
• 6.5 Communication Skills for Team Meetings
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 6
• Survey: Team Emotional Intelligence
• Activity: Observing Communication Patterns in a Team
• Part III Issues Teams Face
• Chapter 7 Managing Conflict
• Learning Objectives
• 7.1 Conflict Is Normal
• 7.2 Sources of Conflict
• 7.3 Types of Conflict
• Task Conflict
• Process Conflict
• Relational Conflict
• 7.4 Conflict Management
• Two Dimensions of Conflict
• Comparing Different Conflict Management Styles
• Aligning Conflict Type With Conflict Management Styles
• Fostering Collaboration Through Open-Minded Discussions
• Negotiated Agreements
• Conflict in Virtual Teams
• 7.5 Preventing and Preparing for Team Conflict
• Preventing Conflict
• Preparing for Conflicts
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 7
• Survey: Conflict Management Styles
• Activity: Observing Conflict Management Styles
• Chapter 8 Social Influence and Power
• Learning Objectives
• 8.1 Understanding Social Influence and Power
• Conformity
• Conversion
• Obedience
• 8.2 Types Of Power
• Bases of Power
• Influence Tactics
• Influence Tactics in Virtual Teams
• 8.3 Power Dynamics
• Status and the Corrupting Effect of Power
• Unequal Power in a Team
• Managing Unequal Power in a Team
• 8.4 Empowerment
• Degrees of Empowerment Programs
• Barriers to Empowerment Programs
• 8.5 Application: Acting Assertively
• Power Styles
• Use of Power Styles
• Encouraging Assertiveness
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 8
• Activity: Using Power Styles—Passive, Aggressive, and Assertive
• Chapter 9 Decision Making
• Learning Objectives
• 9.1 Decision Making in Teams
• 9.2 Deciding How to Decide: Evaluating Decision-Making Approaches
• 9.3 Individual Decision Making
• Leader Decides
• Designated Expert
• Consultative Decision Making
• Problems With Individual Decision Making
• 9.4 Group Decision Making
• Aggregation Without Interaction
• Aggregation With Limited Group Interaction
• Fully Interacting Teams
• Problems With Group Decision Making
• 9.5 Crowd and Algorithmic Decision Making
• Wisdom of the Crowd
• Prediction Markets
• Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 9
• Activity: Making Consensus Decisions
• Activity: Group Versus Individual Decision Making
• Chapter 10 Leadership and Followership
• Learning Objectives
• 10.1 Defining Leadership
• 10.2 Leadership Emergence
• Leader Traits, Abilities, and Behaviors
• Follower Perceptions
• 10.3 Models of Effective Leadership
• Trait Approach
• Behavioral Approach
• Contingency Approach
• Relational Approach
• Charismatic Approach
• 10.4 Team Leadership
• Functional Approach
• Shared Leadership
• 10.5 Followership
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 10
• Activity: Observing the Leader’s Behavior
• Chapter 11 Problem Solving
• Learning Objectives
• 11.1 Understanding Problems
• 11.2 Descriptive Approach: How Teams Typically Solve Problems
• 11.3 Rational Problem Solving: How Teams Should Solve Problems
• Problem Recognition
• Problem Definition
• Problem Analysis
• Establishing Solution Criteria
• Generating Alternatives and Selecting a Solution
• Implementation
• Evaluation
• 11.4 Application: Constructing a Shared Mental Model Through Process Mapping
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 11
• Activity: Using Problem-Solving Techniques
• Chapter 12 Creativity, Innovation, and Design Thinking
• Learning Objectives
• 12.1 Creativity and Innovation
• 12.2 Four Phases of the Idea Journey
• Idea Generation
• Idea Elaboration
• Idea Championing
• Idea Implementation
• 12.3 What Is Design Thinking?
• Embrace Innovation: Design Thinking in Action
• 12.4 The Design Thinking Process
• Empathize
• Define
• Ideate
• Prototype
• Test
• 12.5 Promoting Team Creativity and Innovation
• Team Diversity
• Information Integration
• Conflict
• Team Climate for Innovation
• Organizational Context
• 12.6 Virtual Creativity
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 12
• Activity: Comparing Different Creativity Techniques
• Chapter 13 Diversity and Inclusion
• Learning Objectives
• 13.1 The Importance of Diversity
• 13.2 Difference and Diversity
• Types of Difference
• Types of Diversity
• Diversity Over Time
• 13.3 How Diversity Operates
• Personality Traits
• Social Processes
• Cognitive Processes
• 13.4 Effects of Diversity on Team Performance
• Categorization–Elaboration Model
• 13.5 Application: Supporting Diversity and Inclusion
• Managing Goals and Identities
• Diversity Training
• Fostering Inclusion
• Leadership
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 13
• Survey: Work Group Inclusion
• Activity: Understanding Gender and Status Differences in a Team
• Part IV Organizational Context of Teams
• Chapter 14 Team, Organizational, and International Culture
• Learning Objectives
• 14.1 What Is Culture?
• 14.2 Team Culture
• 14.3 Defining Organizational Culture
• 14.4 Organizational Culture and Teamwork
• 14.5 Dimensions of International Culture
• Individualism Versus Collectivism
• Power Distance
• Uncertainty Avoidance
• Comparing the United States and Japan
• 14.6 International Differences in Teamwork
• 14.7 Multinational Teams
• Characteristics of Multinational Teams
• Creating Effective Multinational Teams
• 14.8 Cultural Intelligence
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 14
• Survey: Individualism–Collectivism
• Activity: Evaluating a Team’s Culture and Cultural Context
• Activity: Comparing Teams in the United States and Japan
• Chapter 15 Virtuality and Teamwork
• Learning Objectives
• 15.1 Virtuality and Virtual Teams
• 15.2 Communication Technologies
• Characteristics of Communication Technologies
• Types of Communication Technologies
• 15.3 Geographic Dispersion
• Spatial Dispersion
• Temporal Dispersion
• Configurational Dispersion
• 15.4 Managing Virtuality on Teams
• Determine Team Size and Locations
• Develop Virtual Teams
• Develop Knowledge of Communication Technologies
• Use Skillful Virtual Communication
• Consider the Intercultural Context
• Develop and Sustain Trust
• Adapt Leadership to Virtuality
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 15
• Activity: Developing Norms for Virtual Teams
• Activity: Experiencing Teamwork in a Simulated Virtual Team
• Chapter 16 Evaluating and Rewarding Team Performance
• Learning Objectives
• 16.1 Performance Management
• 16.2 Evaluating Performance
• Measure Individual and Team Performance
• Measure Processes and Outcomes
• Develop Measures With Internal and External Input
• Gather Ongoing Performance Information From Multiple Sources
• Use Performance Reviews to Foster Learning and Development
• 16.3 Rewarding Performance
• Rewarding Individual Team Member Performance
• Rewarding Team Performance
• Rewarding Organizational Performance
• Combining Reward Programs
• Relationship of Rewards to Types of Teams
• Linking Rewards to Types of Team
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 16
• Survey: Individual Versus Team Rewards
• Activity: Evaluating and Rewarding a Project Team
• Activity: Team Halo Effect
• Chapter 17 Team Development Interventions
• Learning Objectives
• 17.1 What Are Team Development Interventions?
• 17.2 Team Building
• Does Your Team Need Team Building?
• 17.3 Types of Team-Building Programs
• Goal Setting
• Role Clarification
• Interpersonal Relations
• Cohesion Building
• Problem Solving
• 17.4 Team Training
• Establishing the Need for Team Training
• Fostering an Effective Team-Training Climate
• Designing an Effective Team-Training Program
• Evaluating the Training Program
• Sustaining Trained Teamwork Behaviors
• 17.5 Types of Training
• Team Resource Management Training
• Cross-Training and Interpositional Training
• Action Learning
• Summary
• Team Leadership Challenge 17
• Activity: Team Building
• Activity: Appreciative Inquiry of Teamwork
• Appendix: Guide to Student Team Projects
• A.1 Starting the Team
• Team Warm-Ups
• Developing a Team Contract
• Leadership and Meeting Roles
• Managing Team Technology
• A.2 Planning and Developing the Project
• Challenging the Assignment
• Generating Project Ideas
• Brainwriting Method
• Project Planning
• Roles and Assignments
• Reevaluating the Project and Approach
• A.3 Monitoring the Project and Maintaining Teamwork
• Team Meetings: Sharing Information, Making Decisions, and Tracking Assignments
• Group Process Evaluations
• Managing Problem Behaviors
• Milestone: Midpoint Evaluation
• A.4 Performing Team Writing
• Overall Strategy
• Division of Work
• A.5 Wrapping Up and Completing the Project
• Milestone: Precompletion Planning
• Team Evaluations
• Celebrating Success and Learning From the Experience
• References
• Index