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• Cover image
• Title page
• IFC
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contributors
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• New to this Edition
• DVD Supplement
• New Information
• New Illustrations Identify Clinically Important Anatomy
• Part I: The Drugs
• Introduction
• Chapter 1. Neurophysiology
• Desirable Properties of Local Anesthetics
• Fundamentals of Impulse Generation and Transmission
• Mode and Site of Action of Local Anesthetics
• Active Forms of Local Anesthetics
• Kinetics of Local Anesthetic Onset And Duration of Action
• References
• Chapter 2. Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics
• Pharmacokinetics of Local Anesthetics
• Systemic Actions of Local Anesthetics
• References
• Chapter 3. Pharmacology of Vasoconstrictors
• Chemical Structure
• Modes of Action
• Dilutions of Vasoconstrictors
• Pharmacology of Specific Agents
• Selection of a Vasoconstrictor
• References
• Chapter 4. Clinical Action of Specific Agents
• Selection Of A Local Anesthetic
• Duration
• Maximum Doses of Local Anesthetics
• Ester-Type Local Anesthetics
• Amide-Type Local Anesthetics
• Anesthetics For Topical Application
• Selection Of A Local Anesthetic
• References
• Part II: The Armamentarium
• Introduction
• Chapter 5. The Syringe
• Types of Syringes
• Care And Handling of Syringes
• Problems
• Recommendations
• References
• Chapter 6. The Needle
• Types
• Anatomy of A Needle
• Gauge
• Length
• Care And Handling of Needles
• Problems With Needles
• Recommendations
• References
• Chapter 7. The Cartridge
• Components
• Cartridge Contents
• Care And Handling
• Problems
• Recommendations
• References
• Chapter 8. Additional Armamentarium
• Topical Antiseptic
• Topical Anesthetic
• Applicator Sticks
• Cotton Gauze
• Hemostat
• References
• Chapter 9. Preparation of the Armamentarium
• Breech-Loading, Metallic Or Plastic, Cartridge-Type Syringe
• Placing An Additional Cartridge In A (Traditional) Syringe
• Self-Aspirating Syringe
• Ultrasafe Aspirating Syringe
• Part III: Techniques of Regional Anesthesia in Dentistry
• Introduction
• References
• Chapter 10. Physical and Psychological Evaluation
• Goals of Physical and Psychological Evaluation
• Physical Evaluation
• I Circle Appropriate Answer: (Leave blank if you do not understand the question.)
• II Have You Experienced
• III Do You Have or Have You Had
• IV Do You Have or Have You Had
• V Are You Taking
• VI Women Only
• VII All Patients
• Physical Examination
• Physical Status Classification System
• Drug–Drug Interactions and Contraindications
• Malignant Hyperthermia
• Atypical Plasma Cholinesterase
• Methemoglobinemia
• References
• Chapter 11. Basic Injection Technique
• ♦ Step 1
• ♦ Step 2
• ♦ Step 3
• ♦ Step 4
• ♦ Step 5
• ♦ Step 6
• ♦ Step 7A
• ♦ Step 7B
• ♦ Step 8
• ♦ Step 9
• ♦ Step 10
• ♦ Step 11A
• ♦ Step 11B
• ♦ Step 12
• ♦ Step 13
• ♦ Step 14
• ♦ Step 15
• ♦ Step 16A
• ♦ Step 16B
• ♦ Step 17
• ♦ Step 18
• ♦ Step 19
• References
• Chapter 12. Anatomic Considerations
• Trigeminal Nerve
• Osteology: Maxilla
• Osteology: Mandible
• References
• Chapter 13. Techniques of Maxillary Anesthesia
• ♦ Local Infiltration
• ♦ Field Block
• ♦ Nerve Block
• ♦ Discussion
• Maxillary Injection Techniques
• Teeth And Buccal Soft And Hard Tissues
• Palatal Anesthesia
• Summary
• References
• Chapter 14. Techniques of Mandibular Anesthesia
• Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block
• Buccal Nerve Block
• Mandibular Nerve Block: The Gow-Gates Technique
• Vazirani-Akinosi Closed-Mouth Mandibular Block
• Mental Nerve Block
• Incisive Nerve Block
• References
• Chapter 15. Supplemental Injection Techniques
• Intraosseous Anesthesia
• Intrapulpal Injection
• Mandibular Infiltration in Adults
• Summary and Conclusions
• References
• Chapter 16. Anesthetic Considerations in Dental Specialties
• Endodontics
• Pediatric Dentistry
• Periodontics
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Fixed Prosthodontics
• Long-Duration Local Anesthesia
• Dental Hygiene
• References
• Part IV: Complications, Legal Considerations, Questions, and Future
• Introduction
• Chapter 17. Local Complications
• Needle Breakage
• Prolonged Anesthesia or Paresthesia
• Facial Nerve Paralysis
• Trismus
• Soft Tissue Injury
• Hematoma
• Pain on Injection
• Burning on Injection
• Infection
• Edema
• Sloughing of Tissues
• Postanesthetic Intraoral Lesions
• References
• Chapter 18. Systemic Complications
• Classification of Adverse Drug Reactions
• Overdose
• Allergy
• Summary
• References
• Chapter 19. Legal Considerations
• Duty
• Standard of Care
• Proximate Cause
• Damage
• Consent
• Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
• Third Parties
• Overdose
• Allergy
• Instruments
• Alternative Delivery Systems/Techniques
• Local Reactions to Local Anesthetic Administration
• Lip Chewing
• Subcutaneous Emphysema
• Vascular Penetration
• Neural Penetration
• Chemical Nerve Injury
• Local Anesthetic Drug Interactions
• Psychogenic Reactions
• Postprocedure Evaluation
• Respondeat Superior
• Statute Violation
• If Malpractice Exists
• Conclusion
• Selected Bibliography
• Chapter 20. Future Trends in Pain Control
• Buffered Local Anesthetics (The local anesthetic “on” switch)
• Phentolamine Mesylate (The local anesthetic “off” switch)
• How Local Anesthetics Work—An Overview
• Articaine HCL by Buccal Infiltration in the Adult Mandible
• Intranasal Local Anesthesia
• Computer-Controlled Local Anesthetic Delivery (C-Clad)
• References
• Chapter 21. Questions
• Local Anesthetics
• Vasoconstrictors
• Syringes
• Needles
• Cartridges
• Techniques of Regional Anesthesia in Dentistry
• References
• Index
• IBC