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• Title Page
• Copyright
• Contents
• Preface
• Chapter 1 Introduction
• Organization of the Handbook
• Role of the Clinician
• Patterns of Test Usage in Clinical Assessment
• Evaluating Psychological Tests
• Theoretical Orientation
• Practical Considerations
• Standardization
• Reliability
• Validity
• Validity in Clinical Practice
• Incremental Validity
• Conceptual Validity
• Clinical Judgment
• Data Gathering and Synthesis
• Accuracy of Clinical Judgments
• Clinical Versus Actuarial Prediction
• Psychological Report
• Phases in Clinical Assessment
• Evaluating the Referral Question
• Data Collection
• Interpreting the Data
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 2 Context of Clinical Assessment
• Types of Referral Settings
• Psychiatric Setting
• General Medical Setting
• Legal Context
• Academic/Educational Context
• Psychological Clinic
• Ethical Practice of Assessment
• Developing a Professional Relationship
• Issues Related to Informed Consent
• Labeling and Restriction of Freedom
• Competent Use of Assessment Instruments
• Interpretation and Use of Test Results
• Communicating Test Results
• Maintenance of Test Security and Release of Test Data
• Assessing Diverse Groups
• Language Skills
• Cultural Competency
• Cultural/Racial Identity
• Test Equivalence and Appropriate Use of Instruments
• Diagnostic Issues
• Interpretation Guidelines
• Selecting Psychological Tests
• Computer-Assisted Assessment
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 3 The Assessment Interview
• History and Development
• Early Developments
• Developments during the 1940s and 1950s
• Developments During the 1960s
• Developments During the 1970s
• Developments During the 1980s
• The 1990s and Into the Millennium
• Issues Related to Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• The Assessment Interview and Case History
• General Considerations
• Interview Tactics
• Mental Status Evaluation
• General Appearance, Behavior, and Relatedness
• Speech and Language
• Feeling (Affect and Mood)
• Perception and Thinking
• Interpreting Interview Data
• Structured Interviews
• Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM
• Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia
• Diagnostic Interview Schedule
• Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 4 Behavioral Assessment
• History and Development
• Issues Related to Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Strategies of Behavioral Assessment
• Behavioral Interviewing
• Behavioral Observation
• Cognitive Behavioral Assessment
• Cognitive Self-Report Inventories
• Recording Cognitions
• Psychophysiological Assessment
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 5 Wechsler Intelligence Scales
• Testing of Intelligence: Pros and Cons
• History and Development
• Reliability and Validity
• WAIS-IV Reliability and Validity
• WISC-V Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Use with Diverse Groups
• Meaning of IQ Scores
• Cautions and Guidelines in Administration
• WAIS-IV/WISC-V Successive-Level Interpretation Procedure
• Level I. Full Scale IQ (and Global Ability Index)
• Level II. Indexes and Additional Groupings
• Level III. Interpreting Subtest Variability
• Level IV. Qualitative/Process Analysis
• Level V. Intrasubtest Variability
• Wechsler Indexes and Subtests
• Verbal Comprehension Index/Subtests
• Assessing Brain Damage
• General Principles
• Estimating Premorbid IQ
• Alzheimer’s Disease
• Assessing Additional Special Populations
• Learning Disabilities
• Intellectual Disability
• Gifted Children
• Short Forms
• Wechsler Abbreviated Measure of Intelligence
• Best Two- and Three-Subtest Short Forms
• Best Four-Subtest Short Forms
• Seven-Subtest Short Forms
• Additional Short Forms (Satz-Mogel/Yudin and Modified Formats)
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 6 Wechsler Memory Scales
• History and Development
• Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Use with Diverse Groups
• Interpretation Procedure
• Interpreting Patterns of Index Scores
• Auditory Memory Index
• Visual Memory Index
• Auditory Memory Index versus Visual Memory Contrast Scaled Score
• Visual Working Memory
• Visual Working Memory Index Versus Visual Memory Index Contrast Scaled Score
• Immediate Memory Index
• Delayed Memory Index
• Immediate Memory Index Versus Delayed Memory Index Contrast Scaled Score
• Comparing Scores on the WAIS-IV and the WMS-IV
• General Ability Index Versus Auditory Memory Index
• General Ability Index Versus Visual Memory Index
• General Ability Index Versus Visual Working Memory Index
• General Ability Index Versus Immediate Memory Index
• General Ability Index Versus Delayed Memory Index
• Additional Considerations: Malingering and Evaluating Change
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 7 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
• History and Development
• Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Use with Diverse Groups
• Age
• Ethnicity
• Administration
• MMPI-2 Interpretation Procedure
• Step 1. Completion Time
• Step 2. Score and Plot the Profile
• Step 3. Organize the Scales and Identify the Code Type
• Step 4. Determine Profile Validity
• Step 5. Determine Overall Level of Adjustment
• Step 6. Describe Symptoms, Behaviors, and Personality Characteristics
• Step 7. Provide Diagnostic Impressions
• Step 8. Elaborate on Treatment Implications and Recommendations
• MMPI-2 Computerized Interpretation
• MMPI-2 Validity Scales
• ? “Scale” (Cannot Say, Cs)
• VRIN (Variable Response Inconsistency Scale)
• TRIN (True Response Inconsistency Scale)
• F Scale (Infrequency)
• Fb (F back) Scale (MMPI-2); F1 and F2 (MMPI-A)
• Fp (Infrequency-Psychopathology) Scale
• Fake Bad Scale (FBS)
• L (Lie) Scale
• K (Correction) Scale
• S (Superlative) Scale
• MMPI-2 Clinical Scales
• Scale 1. Hypochondriasis (Hs)
• Scale 2. Depression (D)
• Scale 3. Hysteria (Hy)
• Scale 4. Psychopathic Deviate (Pd)
• Scale 5. Masculinity-Femininity (Mf)
• Scale 6. Paranoia (Pa)
• Scale 7. Psychasthenia (Pt)
• Scale 8. Schizophrenia (Sc)
• Scale 9. Hypomania (Ma)
• Scale 0. Social Introversion (Si)
• MMPI-2 2-Point Codes
• 12/21
• 13/31
• 14/41 (Rare Code)
• 18/81
• 19/91 (Rare Code)
• 23/32
• 24/42
• 26/62
• 27/72
• 28/82
• 29/92
• 34/43
• 36/63
• 38/83 (Rare Code)
• 45/54
• 46/64
• 47/74
• 48/84
• 49/94
• 68/86
• 69/96
• 78/87
• 89/98
• MMPI-2 Content Scales
• Internal Symptomatic Behaviors
• External Aggressive Tendencies
• Negative Self-View
• General Problem Areas Cluster
• MMPI-A Content Scales
• MMPI-2 Harris-Lingoes and Si Subscales
• Scale 2. Depression
• Scale 3. Hysteria
• Scale 4. Psychopathic Deviate
• Scale 6. Paranoia
• Scale 8. Schizophrenia
• Scale 9. Hypomania
• Scale 0. Social Introversion
• MMPI-2 Critical Items
• MMPI-2 and MMPI-A Supplementary Scales
• MMPI-2 Supplementary Scales
• MMPI-A Supplementary Scales
• MMPI-2-RF Interpretation Procedure
• Step 1. Score and Plot the Profile
• Step 2. Determine Profile Validity
• Step 3. Describe Symptoms, Behaviors, and Personality Characteristics from Substantive Scales
• Step 4. Provide Diagnostic Impressions
• Step 5. Elaborate on Treatment Implications and Recommendations
• MMPI-2-RF Validity Scales
• Content Nonresponsiveness Scales
• Overreporting Scales
• Underreporting Scales
• MMPI-2-RF Higher-Order Scales
• Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction (EID)
• Thought Dysfunction (THD)
• Behavioral/Externalizing Dysfunction (BXD)
• MMPI-2-RF Restructured Clinical Scales
• Demoralization (RCd)
• Somatic Complaints (RC1)
• Low Positive Emotions (RC2)
• Cynicism (RC3)
• Antisocial Behavior (RC4)
• Ideas of Persecution (RC6)
• Dysfunctional Negative Emotions (RC7)
• Aberrant Experiences (RC8)
• Hypomanic Activation (RC9)
• MMPI-2-RF Specific Problem Scales
• Somatic/Cognitive Scales
• Internalizing Scales
• Externalizing Scales
• Interpersonal Scales
• Interest Scales
• Aesthetic-Literary Interests (AES)
• Mechanical-Physical Interests (MEC)
• MMPI-2-RF Personality Psychopathology Five Scales (PSY-5)
• Aggressiveness-Revised (AGGR-r)
• Psychoticism-Revised (PSYC-r)
• Disconstraint-Revised (DISC-r)
• Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism-Revised (NEGE-r)
• Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality-Revised (INTR-r)
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 8 Personality Assessment Inventory
• History and Development
• Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Use with Diverse Groups
• Interpretation Procedure
• 1. Interpreting Test Validity
• 2. Analysis of Critical Items
• 3. Full Scale Interpretation
• 4. Subscale Interpretation
• 5. Configural Interpretation
• Validity Scales
• Inconsistency (ICN)
• Infrequency (INF)
• Negative Impression (NIM, MAL, RDF)
• Positive Impression (PIM, DEF, CDF, ALC Est, DRG Est)
• Clinical Scales
• Somatic Complaints (SOM)
• Anxiety (ANX)
• Anxiety-Related Disorders (ARD)
• Depression (DEP)
• Mania (MAN)
• Paranoia (PAR)
• Schizophrenia (SCZ)
• Borderline Features (BOR)
• Antisocial Features (ANT)
• Alcohol Problems (ALC)
• Drug Problems (DRG)
• Treatment Scales
• Aggression (AGG)
• Suicidal Ideation (SUI)
• Stress (STR)
• Nonsupport (NON)
• Treatment Rejection (RXR)
• Interpersonal Scales
• Dominance (DOM)
• Warmth (WRM)
• Additional Clusters
• Self-Concept
• Interpersonal Style
• Environmental Perception
• Potential for Dangerousness
• Critical Items
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 9 Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory
• History and Development
• Development of the Original MCMI
• Development of the MCMI-II
• Development of the MCMI-III
• Development of the MCMI-IV
• Theoretical Considerations
• Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Use with Diverse Groups
• Interpretation Procedure
• 1. Determine Profile Validity
• 2. Interpret the Personality Disorder Scales
• 3. Interpret Clinical Syndrome Scales
• 4. Review Noteworthy Responses (Critical Items)
• 5. Provide Diagnostic Impressions
• 6. Elaborate on Treatment Implications and Recommendations
• Validity Scales
• Invalidity Index (Scale V)
• Inconsistency Index (Scale W)
• Disclosure Index (X)
• Desirability Index (Y)
• Debasement Index (Z)
• Clinical Personality Patterns
• Scale 1: Apathetic-Asocial-Schizoid (AASchd)
• Scale 2A: Shy-Reticent-Avoidant (SRAvoid)
• Scale 2B: Dejected-Forlorn-Melancholic (DFMelan)
• Scale 3: Deferential-Attached-Dependent (DADepn)
• Scale 4A: Sociable-Pleasuring-Histrionic (SPHistr)
• Scale 4B: Ebullient-Exuberant-Turbulent (EETurbu)
• Scale 5: Confident-Egotistic-Narcissistic (CENarc)
• Scale 6A: Aggrandizing-Devious-Antisocial (ADAntis)
• Scale 6B: Assertive-Denigrating-Sadistic (ADSadis)
• Scale 7: Reliable-Constricted-Compulsive (RCComp)
• Scale 8A: Discontented-Resentful-Negativistic (DRNegat)
• Scale 8B: Abused-Aggrieved-Masochistic (AAMasoc)
• Severe Personality Pathology
• Scale S: Eccentric-Schizotypal-Schizophrenic (ESSchizoph)
• Scale C: Unstable-Borderline-Cyclophrenic (UBCycloph)
• Scale P: Mistrustful-Paranoid-Paraphrenic (MPParaph)
• Clinical Syndromes
• Scale A: Generalized Anxiety
• Scale H: Somatic Symptom
• Scale N: Bipolar Spectrum
• Scale D: Persistent Depression
• Scale B: Alcohol Use
• Scale T: Drug Use
• Scale R: Posttraumatic Stress
• Severe Syndromes
• Scale SS: Schizophrenic Spectrum
• Scale CC: Major Depression
• Scale PP: Delusional
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 10 NEO Personality Inventory
• History and Development
• Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Use with Diverse Groups
• Interpretation Procedure
• Individual Scales
• Personality Styles
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 11 The Rorschach
• History and Development
• Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Use with Diverse Groups
• Comprehensive System: Administration
• Step 1: Introducing the Respondent to the Technique
• Step 2: Giving the Testing Instructions
• Step 3: The Response (Association) Phase
• Step 4: Inquiry
• Comprehensive System: Coding
• Location and Developmental Quality
• Determinants, Form Quality, and Organizational Activity
• Content
• Popular Responses
• Special Scores
• Comprehensive System: Scoring the Structural Summary
• Comprehensive System: Interpretation
• Location
• Determinants
• Content
• Special Scores
• Ratios, Percentages, Derivations
• R-PAS: Administration
• Step 1: Establishing Rapport
• Step 2: Giving the Testing Instructions
• Step 3: The Response Phase
• Step 4: The Clarification Phase
• R-PAS: Coding
• Location and Space
• Content
• Object Qualities
• Form Quality
• Popular Responses
• Determinants
• Cognitive Codes
• Thematic Codes
• R-PAS: Scoring the Structural Summary
• R-PAS: Interpretation
• Administration Behaviors and Observations
• Engagement and Cognitive Processing: Page 1
• Perception and Thinking Problems: Page 1
• Stress and Distress: Page 1
• Self and Other Representation: Page 1
• Engagement and Cognitive Processing: Page 2
• Perception and Thinking Problems: Page 2
• Stress and Distress: Page 2
• Self and Other Representation: Page 2
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 12 Screening for Neuropsychological Impairment
• History and Development
• Interviewing for Brain Impairment
• Domains of Neuropsychological Functioning
• Attention
• Language
• Memory
• Visuospatial Functions
• Executive Functions
• Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, Second Edition
• History and Development
• Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Administration
• Scoring
• Interpretation Guidelines
• Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status~Update
• History and Development
• Reliability and Validity
• Assets and Limitations
• Administration
• Interpretation Guidelines
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 13 Brief Instruments for Treatment Planning, Monitoring, and Outcome Assessment
• Selecting Brief Instruments
• Symptom Checklist-90-R and Brief Symptom Inventory
• Reliability and Validity
• Use with Diverse Populations
• Interpretation
• Beck Depression Inventory-II
• Reliability and Validity
• Use with Diverse Groups
• Interpretation
• State Trait Anxiety Inventory
• Reliability and Validity
• Use with Diverse Groups
• Interpretation
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 14 Treatment Planning and Clinical Decision Making
• Development and Approaches to Treatment Planning
• Intervention Options
• Clinical Decision Making
• Case Formulation
• Understanding the Problems
• Diagnosis
• Functional Impairment
• Problem Complexity and Chronicity
• Subjective Distress
• Understanding Problem Context
• Coping Style
• Social Support
• Current Life Circumstances
• Treatment-Specific Client Characteristics
• Resistance
• Stage of Change
• Other Client Characteristics
• The Systematic Treatment Selection (STS)/Innerlife Approach
• Recommended Reading
• Chapter 15 The Psychological Report
• General Guidelines
• Comprehensiveness
• Feedback
• Format for a Psychological Report
• Referral Question
• Evaluation Procedures
• Background Information (also Referred to as Relevant History)
• Behavioral Observations
• Interpretation and Impressions
• Summary and Recommendations
• Sample Reports
• Recommended Reading
• Appendix A Test Publishers/Distributors
• Appendix B Testing Organizations
• References
• Author Index
• Subject Index
• EULA