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• Contents
• New in the Third Edition
• Changes Made in the Second Edition
• Preface to the First Edition
• About the Authors
• 1 INTRODUCTION
• 1 Introduction to Computer Science and Media Computation
• 1.1 What Is Computer Science About?
• 1.2 Programming Languages
• 1.3 What Computers Understand
• 1.4 Media Computation: Why Digitize Media?
• 1.5 Computer Science for Everyone
• 1.5.1 It’s About Communication
• 1.5.2 It’s About Process
• 2 Introduction to Programming
• 2.1 Programming Is About Naming
• 2.1.1 Files and Their Names
• 2.2 Programming in Python
• 2.3 Programming in JES
• 2.4 Media Computation in JES
• 2.4.1 Showing a Picture
• 2.4.2 Playing a Sound
• 2.4.3 Naming Values
• 2.5 Making a Program
• 2.5.1 Variable Recipes: Real Math-Like Functions That Take Input
• 3 Modifying Pictures Using Loops
• 3.1 How Pictures Are Encoded
• 3.2 Manipulating Pictures
• 3.2.1 Exploring Pictures
• 3.3 Changing Color Values
• 3.3.1 Using Loops in Pictures
• 3.3.2 Increasing/Decreasing Red (Green, Blue)
• 3.3.3 Testing the Program: Did That Really Work?
• 3.3.4 Changing One Color at a Time
• 3.4 Creating a Sunset
• 3.4.1 Making Sense of Functions
• 3.5 Lightening and Darkening
• 3.6 Creating a Negative
• 3.7 Converting to Grayscale
• 4 Modifying Pixels in a Range
• 4.1 Copying Pixels
• 4.1.1 Looping Across the Pixels with range
• 4.2 Mirroring a Picture
• 4.3 Copying and Transforming Pictures
• 4.3.1 Copying
• 4.3.2 Creating a Collage
• 4.3.3 General Copying
• 4.3.4 Rotation
• 4.3.5 Scaling
• 5 Picture Techniques with Selection & Combination
• 5.1 Replacing Colors: Red-Eye, Sepia Tones, and Posterizing
• 5.1.1 Reducing Red-Eye
• 5.1.2 Sepia-Toned and Posterized Pictures: Using Conditionals to Choose the Color
• 5.2 Combining Pixels: Blurring
• 5.3 Comparing Pixels: Edge Detection
• 5.4 Blending Pictures
• 5.5 Background Subtraction
• 5.6 Chromakey
• 5.7 Drawing on Images
• 5.7.1 Drawing with Drawing Commands
• 5.7.2 Vector and Bitmap Representations
• 5.8 Selecting without Re-Testing
• 5.9 Programs as Specifying Drawing Process
• 5.9.1 Why Do We Write Programs?
• 2 SOUND
• 6 Modifying Sounds Using Loops
• 6.1 How Sound Is Encoded
• 6.1.1 The Physics of Sound
• 6.1.2 Exploring How Sounds Look
• 6.1.3 Encoding the Sound
• 6.1.4 Binary Numbers and Two’s Complement
• 6.1.5 Storing Digitized Sounds
• 6.2 Manipulating Sounds
• 6.2.1 Open Sounds and Manipulating Samples
• 6.2.2 Using the JES MediaTools
• 6.2.3 Looping
• 6.3 Changing the Volume of Sounds
• 6.3.1 Increasing Volume
• 6.3.2 Did That Really Work?
• 6.3.3 Decreasing Volume
• 6.3.4 Making Sense of Functions, in Sounds
• 6.4 Normalizing Sounds
• 6.4.1 Generating Clipping
• 7 Modifying Samples in a Range
• 7.1 Manipulating Different Sections of the Sound Differently
• 7.2 Splicing Sounds
• 7.3 General Clip and Copy
• 7.4 Reversing Sounds
• 7.5 Mirroring
• 7.6 On Functions and Scope
• 8 Making Sounds by Combining Pieces
• 8.1 Composing Sounds Through Addition
• 8.2 Blending Sounds
• 8.3 Creating an Echo
• 8.3.1 Creating Multiple Echoes
• 8.3.2 Creating Chords
• 8.4 How Sampling Keyboards Work
• 8.4.1 Sampling as an Algorithm
• 8.5 Additive Synthesis
• 8.5.1 Making Sine Waves
• 8.5.2 Adding Sine Waves Together
• 8.5.3 Checking Our Result
• 8.5.4 Square Waves
• 8.5.5 Triangular Waves
• 8.6 Modern Music Synthesis
• 8.6.1 MP3
• 8.6.2 MIDI
• 9 Building Bigger Programs
• 9.1 Designing Programs Top-Down
• 9.1.1 A Top-Down Design Example
• 9.1.2 Designing the Top-Level Function
• 9.1.3 Writing the Subfunctions
• 9.2 Designing Programs Bottom-Up
• 9.2.1 An Example Bottom-Up Process
• 9.3 Testing Your Program
• 9.3.1 Testing the Edge Conditions
• 9.4 Tips on Debugging
• 9.4.1 Finding Which Statement to Worry About
• 9.4.2 Seeing the Variables
• 9.4.3 Debugging the Adventure Game
• 9.5 Algorithms and Design
• 9.6 Running Programs Outside of JES
• 3 TEXT, FILES,NETWORKS,DATABASES, AND UNIMEDIA
• 10 Creating and Modifying Text
• 10.1 Text as Unimedia
• 10.2 Strings: Making and Manipulating Strings
• 10.3 Manipulating Parts of Strings
• 10.3.1 String Methods: Introducing Objects and Dot Notation
• 10.3.2 Lists: Powerful, Structured Text
• 10.3.3 Strings Have No Font
• 10.4 Files: Places to Put Your Strings and Other Stuff
• 10.4.1 Opening and Manipulating Files
• 10.4.2 Generating Form Letters
• 10.4.3 Writing Out Programs
• 10.5 The Python Standard Library
• 10.5.1 More on Import and Your Own Modules
• 10.5.2 Another Fun Module: Random
• 10.5.3 A Sampling of Python Standard Libraries
• 11 Advanced Text Techniques: Web and Information
• 11.1 Networks: Getting Our Text from the Web
• 11.2 Using Text to Shift Between Media
• 11.3 Moving Information Between Media
• 11.4 Using Lists as Structured Text for Media Representations
• 11.5 Hiding Information in a Picture
• 12 Making Text for the Web
• 12.1 HTML: The Notation of the Web
• 12.2 Writing Programs to Generate HTML
• 12.3 Databases: A Place to Store Our Text
• 12.3.1 Relational Databases
• 12.3.2 An Example Relational Database Using Hash Tables
• 12.3.3 Working with SQL
• 12.3.4 Using a Database to Build Web Pages
• 4 MOVIES
• 13 Creating and Modifying Movies
• 13.1 Generating Animations
• 13.2 Working with Video Source
• 13.2.1 Video Manipulating Examples
• 13.3 Building a Video Effect Bottom-Up
• 5 TOPICS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE
• 14 Speed
• 14.1 Focusing on Computer Science
• 14.2 What Makes Programs Fast?
• 14.2.1 What Computers Really Understand
• 14.2.2 Compilers and Interpreters
• 14.2.3 What Limits Computer Speed?
• 14.2.4 Does It Really Make a Difference?
• 14.2.5 Making Searching Faster
• 14.2.6 Algorithms That Never Finish or Can’t Be Written
• 14.2.7 Why Is Photoshop Faster than JES?
• 14.3 What Makes a Computer Fast?
• 14.3.1 Clock Rates and Actual Computation
• 14.3.2 Storage: What Makes a Computer Slow?
• 14.3.3 Display
• 15 Functional Programming
• 15.1 Using Functions to Make Programming Easier
• 15.2 Functional Programming with Map and Reduce
• 15.3 Functional Programming for Media
• 15.3.1 Media Manipulation Without Changing State
• 15.4 Recursion: A Powerful Idea
• 15.4.1 Recursive Directory Traversals
• 15.4.2 Recursive Media Functions
• 16 Object-Oriented Programming
• 16.1 History of Objects
• 16.2 Working with Turtles
• 16.2.1 Classes and Objects
• 16.2.2 Sending Messages to Objects
• 16.2.3 Objects Control Their State
• 16.3 Teaching Turtles New Tricks
• 16.3.1 Overriding an Existing Turtle Method
• 16.3.2 Using Turtles for More
• 16.4 An Object-Oriented Slide Show
• 16.4.1 Making the Slide Class More Object-Oriented
• 16.5 Object-Oriented Media
• 16.6 Joe the Box
• 16.7 Why Objects?
• APPENDIX
• A: Quick Reference to Python
• A.1 Variables
• A.2 Function Creation
• A.3 Loops and Conditionals
• A.4 Operators and Representation Functions
• A.5 Numeric Functions
• A.6 Sequence Operations
• A.7 String Escapes
• A.8 Useful String Methods
• A.9 Files
• A.10 Lists
• A.11 Dictionaries, Hash Tables, or Associative Arrays
• A.12 External Modules
• A.13 Classes
• A.14 Functional Methods
• Bibliography
• Index
• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
• J
• K
• L
• M
• N
• O
• P
• Q
• R
• S
• T
• U
• V
• W
• X
• Z