Description
Efnisyfirlit
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Contributors
- Reviewers
- Third Edition Forewords
- Second Edition Foreword
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- About the Author
- Part I. Fundamentals of Structure and Motion of the Human Body
- Chapter 1. Parts of the Human Body
- Section 1.1. Major Divisions of the Human Body
- Section 1.2. Major Body Parts
- Section 1.3. Joints Between Body Parts
- Section 1.4. Movement of a Body Part Relative to an Adjacent Body Part
- Section 1.5. Movement Within a Body Part
- Section 1.6. True Movement of a Body Part Versus “Going Along For The Ride”
- Section 1.7. Regions of the Body
- Chapter 2. Mapping the Human Body
- Section 2.1. Anatomic Position
- Section 2.2. Location Terminology
- Section 2.3. Anterior/Posterior
- Section 2.4. Medial/Lateral
- Section 2.5. Superior/Inferior and Proximal/Distal
- Section 2.6. Superficial/Deep
- Section 2.7. Location Terminology Illustration
- Section 2.8. Planes
- Section 2.9. Motion of the Human Body Within Planes
- Section 2.10. Axes
- Section 2.11. Planes and their Corresponding Axes
- Section 2.12. Visualizing the Axes—Door Hinge-Pin Analogy
- Section 2.13. Visualizing the Axes—Pinwheel Analogy
- Part II. Skeletal Osteology: Study of the Bones
- Chapter 3. Skeletal Tissues
- Section 3.1. Classification of Bones by Shape
- Section 3.2. Parts of A Long Bone
- Section 3.3. Functions of Bones
- Section 3.4. Bone as a Connective Tissue
- Section 3.5. Compact and Spongy Bone
- Section 3.6. Bone Development and Growth
- Section 3.7. Fontanels
- Section 3.8. Fracture Healing
- Section 3.9. Effects of Physical Stress on Bone
- Section 3.10. Cartilage Tissue
- Chapter 4. Fascia
- Section 4.1. Fascia
- Section 4.2. The Fascial web
- Section 4.3. Fascial Response to Physical Stress
- Section 4.4. Tendons and Ligaments
- Section 4.5. Bursae and Tendon Sheaths
- Section 4.6. Properties of Fascial Connective Tissues
- Review Questions
- Perspectives On Fascia
- Section 4.8. Consideration of Ligaments
- Section 4.9. Fascia From a Dynamic-Physiological Point of View
- Section 4.10. do Bees Build Hexagons?
- Section 4.11. Loose Areolar Connective Tissue, Superficial Fascia, and Perifascia
- Section 4.12. Fascial Anatomy
- Section 4.13. Working with the Thoracolumbar Fascia
- Chapter 5. Bones of the Human Body
- Section 5.1. Bones of the Head
- Section 5.2. Bones of the Spine (and Hyoid)
- Section 5.3. Bones of the Ribcage and Sternum
- Section 5.4. Entire Lower Extremity
- Section 5.5. Bones of the Pelvis and hip Joint
- Section 5.6. Bones of the Thigh and Knee Joint
- Section 5.7. Bones of the leg and Ankle Joint
- Section 5.8. Bones of the Foot
- Section 5.9. Entire Upper Extremity
- Section 5.10. Bones of the Shoulder Girdle and Shoulder Joint
- Section 5.11. Bones of the arm and Elbow Joint
- Section 5.12. Bones of the Forearm, Wrist Joint, and Hand
- Part III. Skeletal Arthrology: Study of the Joints
- Chapter 6. Joint Action Terminology
- Section 6.1. Overview of Joint Function
- Section 6.2. Axial and Nonaxial Motion
- Section 6.3. Nonaxial/Gliding Motion
- Section 6.4. Rectilinear and Curvilinear Nonaxial Motion
- Section 6.5. Axial/Circular Motion
- Section 6.6. Axial Motion and the Axis of Movement
- Section 6.7. Roll and Spin Axial Movements
- Section 6.8. Roll, Glide, and Spin Movements Compared
- Section 6.9. Naming Joint Actions—Completely
- Section 6.10. Joint Action Terminology Pairs
- Section 6.11. Flexion/Extension
- Section 6.12. Abduction/Adduction
- Section 6.13. Right Lateral Flexion/Left Lateral Flexion
- Section 6.14. Lateral Rotation/Medial Rotation
- Section 6.15. Right Rotation/Left Rotation
- Section 6.16. Plantarflexion/Dorsiflexion
- Section 6.17. Eversion/Inversion
- Section 6.18. Pronation/Supination
- Section 6.19. Protraction/Retraction
- Section 6.20. Elevation/Depression
- Section 6.21. Upward Rotation/Downward Rotation
- Section 6.22. Anterior Tilt/Posterior Tilt
- Section 6.23. Opposition/Reposition
- Section 6.24. Right Lateral Deviation/Left Lateral Deviation
- Section 6.25. Horizontal Flexion/Horizontal Extension
- Section 6.26. Hyperextension
- Section 6.27. Circumduction
- Section 6.28. Naming Oblique-Plane Movements
- Section 6.29. Reverse Actions
- Section 6.30. Vectors
- Chapter 7. Classification of Joints
- Section 7.1. Anatomy of a Joint
- Section 7.2. Physiology of a Joint
- Section 7.3. Joint Mobility Versus Joint Stability
- Section 7.4. Joints and Shock Absorption
- Section 7.5. Weight-Bearing Joints
- Section 7.6. Joint Classification
- Section 7.7. Fibrous Joints
- Section 7.8. Cartilaginous Joints
- Section 7.9. Synovial Joints
- Section 7.10. Uniaxial Synovial Joints
- Section 7.11. Biaxial Synovial Joints
- Section 7.12. Triaxial Synovial Joints
- Section 7.13. Nonaxial Synovial Joints
- Section 7.14. Menisci and Articular Discs
- Chapter 8. Joints of the Axial Body
- Section 8.1. Suture Joints of the Skull
- Section 8.2. Temporomandibular Joint
- Section 8.3. Spine
- Section 8.4. Spinal Joints
- Section 8.5. Atlanto-Occipital and Atlantoaxial Joints
- Section 8.6. Cervical Spine (The Neck)
- Section 8.7. Thoracic Spine (The Thorax)
- Section 8.8. Rib Joints of the Thorax
- Section 8.9. Lumbar Spine (The Abdomen)
- Section 8.10. Thoracolumbar Spine (The Trunk)
- Section 8.11. Thoracolumbar Fascia and Abdominal Aponeurosis
- Chapter 9. Joints of the Lower Extremity
- Section 9.1. Introduction to the Pelvis and Pelvic Movement
- Section 9.2. Intrapelvic Motion (Symphysis Pubis and Sacroiliac Joints)
- Section 9.3. Movement of the Pelvis at the Lumbosacral Joint
- Section 9.4. Movement of the Pelvis at the Hip Joints
- Section 9.5. Movement of the Pelvis at The Lumbosacral and Hip Joints
- Section 9.6. Relationship of Pelvic/Spinal Movements at the Lumbosacral Joint
- Section 9.7. Relationship of Pelvic/Thigh Movements at the Hip Joint
- Section 9.8. Effect of Pelvic Posture on Spinal Posture
- Section 9.9. Hip Joint
- Section 9.10. Angulations of the Femur
- Section 9.11. Femoropelvic Rhythm
- Section 9.12. Overview of the Knee Joint Complex
- Section 9.13. Tibiofemoral (Knee) Joint
- Section 9.14. Patellofemoral Joint
- Section 9.15. Angulations of the Knee Joint
- Section 9.16. Tibiofibular Joints
- Section 9.17. Overview of the Ankle/Foot Region
- Section 9.18. Talocrural (Ankle) Joint
- Section 9.19. Subtalar Tarsal Joint
- Section 9.20. Transverse Tarsal Joint
- Section 9.21. Tarsometatarsal (TMT) Joints
- Section 9.22. Intermetatarsal (IMT) Joints
- Section 9.23. Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) Joints
- Section 9.24. Interphalangeal Joints of the Foot
- Chapter 10. Joints of the Upper Extremity
- Section 10.1. Shoulder Joint Complex
- Section 10.2. Glenohumeral Joint
- Section 10.3. Scapulocostal Joint
- Section 10.4. Sternoclavicular Joint
- Section 10.5. Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint
- Section 10.6. Scapulohumeral Rhythm
- Section 10.7. Elbow Joint Complex
- Section 10.8. Elbow Joint
- Section 10.9. Radioulnar Joints
- Section 10.10. Overview of the Wrist/Hand Region
- Section 10.11. Wrist Joint Complex
- Section 10.12. Carpometacarpal Joints
- Section 10.13. Saddle (Carpometacarpal) Joint of the Thumb
- Section 10.14. Intermetacarpal Joints
- Section 10.15. Metacarpophalangeal Joints
- Section 10.16. Interphalangeal (IP) Joints of the Hand
- Part IV. Myology: Study of the Muscular System
- Chapter 11. Attachments and Action of Muscles
- Section 11.1. Overview of the Skeletal Muscles of the Body
- Section 11.2. Muscles of the Shoulder Girdle
- Section 11.3. Muscles of the Glenohumeral Joint
- Section 11.4. Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints
- Section 11.5. Muscles of the Wrist Joint
- Section 11.6. Extrinsic Muscles of the Finger Joints
- Section 11.7. Intrinsic Muscles of the Finger Joints
- Section 11.8. Muscles of the Spinal Joints
- Section 11.9. Muscles of the RibCage Joints
- Section 11.10. Muscles of the Temporomandibular Joints
- Section 11.11. Muscles of Facial Expression
- Section 11.12. Muscles of the Hip Joint
- Section 11.13. Muscles of the Knee Joint
- Section 11.14. Muscles of the Ankle and Subtalar Joints
- Section 11.15. Extrinsic Muscles of the Toe Joints
- Section 11.16. Intrinsic Muscles of the Toe Joints
- Chapter 12. Anatomy and Physiology of Muscle Tissue
- Section 12.1. Skeletal Muscle
- Section 12.2. Tissue Components of a Skeletal Muscle
- Section 12.3. Skeletal Muscle Cells
- Section 12.4. Muscular Fascia
- Section 12.5. Microanatomy of Muscle Fiber/Sarcomere Structure
- Section 12.6. Sliding Filament Mechanism
- Section 12.7. Energy Source for the Sliding Filament Mechanism
- Section 12.8. Nervous System Control of Muscle Contraction
- Section 12.9. Motor Unit
- Section 12.10. All-or-none–Response Law
- Section 12.11. Sarcomere Structure in more Detail
- Section 12.12. Sliding Filament Mechanism in more Detail
- Section 12.13. Red and White Muscle Fibers
- Section 12.14. Myofascial Meridians and Tensegrity
- Chapter 13. How Muscles Function: the Big Picture
- Section 13.1. “Big Picture” of Muscle Structure and Function
- Section 13.2. What Happens When a Muscle Contracts and Shortens?
- Section 13.3. Five-Step Approach to Learning Muscles
- Section 13.4. Rubber Band Exercise
- Section 13.5. Lines of Pull of a Muscle
- Section 13.6. Functional Group Approach to Learning Muscle Actions
- Section 13.7. Determining Functional Groups
- Section 13.8. off-Axis Attachment Method for Determining Rotation Actions
- Section 13.9. Transferring the Force of a Muscle’s Contraction to Another Joint
- Section 13.10. Muscle Actions that Change
- Chapter 14. Types of Muscle Contractions
- Section 14.1. Overview of the Types of Muscle Contractions
- Section 14.2. Concentric, Eccentric, and Isometric Contraction Examples
- Section 14.3. Relating Muscle Contraction and the Sliding Filament Mechanism
- Section 14.4. Concentric Contractions in more Detail
- Section 14.5. Eccentric Contractions in more Detail
- Section 14.6. Isometric Contractions in more Detail
- Section 14.7. Movement Versus Stabilization
- Chapter 15. Roles of Muscles
- Section 15.1. Mover Muscles
- Section 15.2. Antagonist Muscles
- Section 15.3. Determining the “Muscle that is Working”
- Section 15.4. Stopping Unwanted Actions of the “Muscle that is Working”
- Section 15.5. Fixator/Stabilizer Muscles
- Section 15.6. Concept of Fixation and Core Stabilization
- Section 15.7. Neutralizer Muscles
- Section 15.8. Step-by-Step Method for Determining Fixators and Neutralizers
- Section 15.9. Support Muscles
- Section 15.10. Synergists
- Section 15.11. Coordinating Muscle Roles
- Section 15.12. Coupled Actions
- Chapter 16. Types of Joint Motion and Musculoskeletal Assessment
- Section 16.1. Active Versus Passive Range of Motion
- Section 16.2. Resisted Motion/Manual Resistance
- Section 16.3. Musculoskeletal Assessment: Muscle or Joint?
- Section 16.4. Muscle Palpation
- Section 16.5. Do we Treat Movers or Antagonists?
- Section 16.6. Do we Treat Signs or Symptoms?
- Section 16.7. Understanding Research
- Chapter 17. Determining the Force of a Muscle Contraction
- Section 17.1. Partial Contraction of a Muscle
- Section 17.2. Muscle Fiber Architecture
- Section 17.3. Active Tension Versus Passive Tension
- Section 17.4. Active Insufficiency
- Section 17.5. Length-Tension and Force-Velocity Relationship Curves
- Section 17.6. Leverage of a Muscle
- Section 17.7. Leverage of a Muscle—more Detail
- Section 17.8. Classes of Levers
- Section 17.9. Leverage of Resistance Forces
- Chapter 18. Biomechanics
- Section 18.1. Introduction to Biomechanics
- Section 18.2. a Brief Introduction to Forces
- Section 18.3. Basic Principles in Mechanics
- Section 18.4. Describing Human Movement—Analyzing Kinematics
- Section 18.5. Describing the Forces of Human Movement—Analyzing Kinetics
- Chapter 19. The Neuromuscular System
- Section 19.1. Overview of the Nervous System
- Section 19.2. Voluntary Movement Versus Reflex Movement
- Section 19.3. Reciprocal Inhibition
- Section 19.4. Overview of Proprioception
- Section 19.5. Fascial/Joint Proprioceptors
- Section 19.6. Muscle Spindles
- Section 19.7. Golgi Tendon Organs
- Section 19.8. Inner Ear Proprioceptors
- Section 19.9. Other Musculoskeletal Reflexes
- Section 19.10. Pain-Spasm-Pain Cycle
- Section 19.11. Gate Theory
- Chapter 20. Posture and the Gait Cycle
- Section 20.1. Importance of “Good Posture”
- Section 20.2. Ideal Standing Plumb Line Posture
- Section 20.3. Analyzing Plumb Line Postural Distortions
- Section 20.4. Secondary Postural Distortions and Postural Distortion Patterns
- Section 20.5. General Principles of Compensation Within the Body
- Section 20.6. Limitations of Standing Ideal Plumb Line Posture
- Section 20.7. Gait Cycle
- Section 20.8. Muscular Activity During the Gait Cycle
- Chapter 21. Common Postural Distortion Patterns
- Section 21.1. Lower Crossed Syndrome
- Section 21.2. Rounded low Back/Pelvis
- Section 21.3. Upper Crossed Syndrome
- Section 21.4. Flat Back
- Section 21.5. Elevated/Depressed Pelvis
- Section 21.6. Scoliosis
- Section 21.7. Elevated Shoulder Girdle
- Section 21.8. Pelvic/Spinal Rotational Distortion
- Section 21.9. Overpronation
- Section 21.10. Rigid High Arch
- Section 21.11. Hallux Valgus
- Section 21.12. Hammertoes
- Section 21.13. Morton’s Foot
- Section 21.14. Genu Valgum/Genu Varum
- Section 21.15. Genu Recurvatum
- Section 21.16. Pigeon-Toe/Toe-in
- Section 21.17. Cubitus Valgus
- Chapter 22. Stretching
- Section 22.1. Introduction
- Section 22.2. Basic Stretching Techniques: Static Stretching Versus Dynamic Stretching
- Section 22.3. Advanced Stretching Techniques: Pin and Stretch Technique
- Section 22.4. Advanced Stretching Techniques: Contract Relax and Agonist Contract Stretching Techniques
- Chapter 23. Principles of Strengthening Exercise
- Section 23.1. Reasons for Exercise
- Section 23.2. Types of Exercise
- Section 23.3. Types of Resistance
- Section 23.4. Execution of Exercise
- Section 23.5. Exercise Technique
- Section 23.6. Program Design
- Index