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• Cover
• Title page
• Copyright page
• Chapter 1: Introduction to Life Cycle Assessment
• References from the LCA Handbook
• Aims of the Chapter
• 1.1 Purpose of the Student Handbook
• 1.2 Why LCA?
• 1.3 Evolution of Environmental toward Life Cycle Thinking
• 1.4 Examples of Environmental Impact Trade-Offs
• 1.5 LCA Methodology
• 1.6 Maintaining Transparency (Openness)
• 1.7 Conclusions
• References
• Chapter 1 Exercises
• Chapter 2: Goal and Scope Definition in Life Cycle Assessment
• References from the LCA Handbook
• Aims of the Chapter
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Components of a Well-Defined Study
• 2.3 Consequential LCA
• 2.4 Carbon Footprint versus LCA
• 2.5 Creating a Goal Statement
• 2.6 Preparing a Goal and Scope Document
• References
• Appendix: Hypothetical Example of a Comparative, Attributional Life Cycle Assessment to Support Government Decision Making
• Chapter 2 Exercises
• Chapter 3: Life Cycle Inventory
• References from the LCA Handbook
• Aims of the Chapter
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Modeling Inputs and Outputs
• 3.3 Methodology Issues
• 3.4 Data Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis
• 3.5 Databases and Data Sources
• 3.6 Collecting LCI Data
• 3.7 Reporting Life Cycle Inventory
• 3.8 Life Cycle Inventory Data Quality
• 3.9 Economic Input/Output (EIO) Data
• 3.10 Consequential LCA
• 3.11 LCA Software
• References
• Chapter 3 Exercises
• Chapter 4: Life Cycle Impact Assessment
• References from the LCA Handbook
• Aims of the Chapter
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Choice of Impact Models and Categories
• 4.3 Current LCIA Approaches
• 4.4 The Agri-Food Sector
• 4.5 LCIA Models and Tools
• References
• Annex: Available Midpoint and Endpoint Characterization Methodologies
• Chapter 4 Exercises
• Chapter 5: Normalization, Grouping and Weighting in Life Cycle Assessment
• References from the LCA Handbook
• Aims of the chapter
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Current Practice of Normalization and Weighting in LCIA
• 5.3 Principles of External Normalization
• 5.4 Issues with External Normalization
• 5.5 Inherent Data Gaps
• 5.6 Masking Salient Aspects
• 5.7 Compensation
• 5.8 Spatial Boundaries and Time Frames
• 5.9 Divergence in Databases
• 5.10 Principles of Internal Normalization
• 5.11 Compensatory Methods
• 5.12 Partially Compensatory Methods
• 5.13 Weighting
• 5.14 Multi-Criteria Decision Making
• References
• Appendix
• Chapter 5 Exercises
• Chapter 6: Life Cycle Assessment: Interpretation and Reporting
• References from the LCA Handbook
• Aims of the Chapter
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 LCA Interpretation according to ISO
• 6.3 Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis
• 6.4 Contribution Analysis
• 6.5 Presenting LCIA Results
• 6.6 Preparing the Final Report
• 6.7 The Review Process
• 6.8 Product Category Rules and Environmental Product Declarations
• References
• Chapter 6 Exercises
• Chapter 7: Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment
• References from the LCA Handbook
• Aims of the Chapter
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Life Cycle Assessment and Sustainability
• 7.3 A Framework for LCSA
• 7.4 Social Responsibility
• 7.5 Research Needs for LCSA Methodology
• References
• Chapter 7 Exercises
• Chapter 8: Resources for Conducting Life Cycle Assessment
• Books
• Organizations
• LCA Centers and Societies1
• Glossary
• End User License Agreement