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• Cover
• Endorsement Page
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication Page
• Table of Contents
• List of Figures
• List of Examples
• List of Abbreviations
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Part I Critical Concepts in Destination Management and Marketing
• 1 Destination Management and Marketing
• Warming Up
• Defining a Tourism Destination
• Destination Management and Marketing Overview
• Destination Marketing
• Destination Management Roles
• Leadership, Coordination, and Governance
• Product Development
• The Ten As of Successful Destinations
• Stakeholders in Destination Management
• Destination Governance
• Destination Management Organizations
• Careers in Destination Management and Destination Marketing
• Hold the Printing Presses: DMOs Are Under Pressure and Need to Change
• Summing Up
• 2 Destination Sustainability and Social Responsibility
• Warming Up
• Destination Sustainable Tourism
• Destination Stewardship
• Destination Social Responsibility
• Responsible Tourism
• Regenerative Tourism
• Declarations and Pledges
• Ethical Tourism
• Ecotourism
• Community-based Tourism
• Pro-poor Tourism
• Social Tourism
• Greenwashing
• Doughnut Economics and the Circular Economy
• Summing Up
• 3 Quality of Life and Well-being of Destination Residents
• Warming Up
• Resident Quality of Life
• Resident Well-being
• Wellness vs. Well-being
• Place Attachment and Sense of Place
• Resident Irritation Resulting from Tourism
• Carrying Capacity
• Overcrowding and Overtourism
• Degrowth and Demarketing
• Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic
• Measuring Resident Sentiment toward Tourism
• Improving Resident Quality of Life and Well-being
• Summing Up
• Part II Destination Management Roles
• 4 Destination Planning
• Warming Up
• Characteristics of Tourism Destination Planning
• Tourism Destination Planning Process
• Plans and Communicating about Plans
• Destination Visioning
• Tourism Planning Toolkits
• Specialized Forms of Destination Planning
• Steps for Effective Destination Planning
• Summing Up
• 5 Destination Management Research
• Warming Up
• Contributions of Research to Destination Management
• Developing a Destination Management Research Agenda and Plan
• Fundamentals of Destination Management Research
• Types of Destination Management Research Projects
• DMO Research Departments and Staff
• Steps for Effective Destination Management Research
• Summing Up
• 6 Destination Leadership, Coordination, and Governance
• Warming Up
• Definitions of Destination Leadership, Coordination, and Governance
• Destination Leadership
• Destination Leadership Styles
• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
• Ethical Leadership Practices and DMO Standards
• Destination Coordination
• Destination Governance
• DMO Organizational Structures, Boards, and Bylaws
• Boards of Directors
• DMO Funding
• Measuring DMO Effectiveness
• Involvement
• Risk Management
• Steps for Effective Destination Leadership, Coordination, and Governance
• Summing Up
• 7 Destination Product Development
• Warming Up
• Definition and Components of the Destination Product
• Principles of Destination Product Development
• Tourism Area Life Cycle
• DMO Involvement in Product Development
• Product Development Variations by Types of Destinations
• Hard and Soft Tourism Product Development
• Destination Quality
• Product Development Strategy Models
• Physical (Hard) Product Development
• Intangible (Soft) Product Development
• Steps in Effective Product Development
• Summing Up
• 8 Destination Partnership and Team-Building
• Warming Up
• Definitions of Destination Partnership and Team-Building
• Destination Management Role Contributions of Partnerships
• Partnerships and Destination Governance
• Benefits of Destination Partnerships
• Destination Partners
• Identifying Destination Partners
• Public–Private Partnerships in Destination Management
• Barriers and Challenges for Destination Partnerships
• Destination Partnership Types
• Ingredients of Successful Destination Partnerships
• Destination Partnership-Building Steps
• Destination Team-building
• Steps in Effective Destination Partnerships and Team-Building
• Summing Up
• 9 Destination Stakeholder Relationships and Involvement
• Warming Up
• Stakeholder Landscape for Destination Management
• Stakeholder Relationships and Involvement
• Tourism Sector Stakeholders
• Relationships with DMO Members
• Relationships with DMO Boards of Directors
• Relationships with Community Residents
• Relationships with Government
• Relationships with the Environment
• Relationships with Tourists
• Relationships with Other Stakeholders
• Steps in Effective Stakeholder Relationships and Involvement
• Summing Up
• 10 Visitor Management
• Warming Up
• Definition of Visitor Management
• The ADVICE Model for a Visitor Management Program
• Reasons for Visitor Management
• Benefits from Visitor Management
• Components of a Visitor Management Program
• Visitor Expectations, Experiences, Enjoyment, and Satisfaction
• Yield Management
• Other Visitor Management Efforts
• Steps in Effective Visitor Management
• Summing Up
• 11 Destination Crisis Management
• Warming Up
• Definitions of Crises and Disasters
• Categories of Crises and Disasters
• Susceptibility of Destinations to Crises and Disasters
• Impacts of Crises and Disasters on Tourism
• Stages in Crises and Disasters
• Crisis Management Planning
• Crisis Communications
• Risk Management
• Resilience and Recovery
• Summing Up
• 12 Planning Marketing, Branding, and Communications
• Warming Up
• Definitions of Marketing, Branding, and Integrated Marketing Communications
• Destination Marketing Principles
• Planning Marketing, Branding, and Communications
• The Destination Marketing System and the PRICE model
• Steps for Effective Planning of Marketing, Branding, and Communications
• Summing Up
• Part III Destination Marketing, Branding, and Communications
• 13 Destination Positioning, Image, and Branding
• Warming Up
• Definitions of Destination Positioning, Image, and Branding
• Positioning, Imaging, Branding (PIB) Approach
• Importance and Benefits of Destination Branding
• Challenges of Destination Branding
• Characteristics of a Good Destination Brand
• Classic Concepts in Branding
• Steps in Destination Branding
• Steps in Effective Destination Positioning, Image, and Branding
• Summing Up
• 14 Destination Integrated Marketing Communications
• Warming Up
• Definition of Integrated Marketing Communications
• Components of Integrated Marketing Communications
• Benefits of Integrated Marketing Communications
• E-marketing
• Advertising
• Sales (Personal Selling)
• Public Relations and Publicity
• Sales Promotion and Merchandising
• Crowdsourcing and Content Co-creation
• Theme Year and Event Marketing
• Movie and Film Development
• Steps in Effective Planning of Integrated Marketing Communications
• Summing Up
• 15 E-marketing and ICTs
• Warming Up
• Definition and Increasing Importance of E-marketing
• Functions of Digital Media for Visitors
• Main Components of E-marketing
• Websites
• Search Engine Marketing and Optimization
• Social Media
• Apps
• Email
• Other Components of E-marketing
• Big Data Analysis
• Performance Evaluation of DMO E-marketing
• ICT Definition and History
• Internet Usage
• Traveler ICTs
• Recent ICT Innovations
• Challenges and Issues
• Steps in Effective E-marketing
• Summing Up
• Part IV Destination Markets and Trends
• 16 Consumer Behavior, Segmentation, and Market Trends
• Warming Up
• Motivations for Travel
• Destination Selection
• The Influence of Destination Images
• Travel Purchase Behavior Process
• Destination Market Segmentation
• Market Trends
• Implications for Destinations and DMOs
• Summing Up
• 17 Domestic Leisure and VFR Travel Markets
• Warming Up
• Definition of Domestic Tourism
• Benefits of Domestic Tourism
• Size and Importance of Domestic Tourism
• Trends and Prospects for Domestic Tourism
• Issues and Challenges for Domestic Tourism
• Providing Incentives for Domestic Travel
• Factors Influencing Domestic Tourism
• Domestic Tourism Market Segments
• Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR) Market
• Domestic Leisure Travel and VFR Marketing, Branding, and Communications Procedures
• Summing Up
• 18 International Pleasure and Leisure Travel Markets
• Warming Up
• Size of the International Tourist Market
• Challenges for International Travel
• Emerging International Travel Markets
• International Travel Market Segments with Growth Potential
• Other International Tourism Growth Markets
• International Pleasure/Leisure Travel Marketing, Branding, and Communications Procedures
• Summing Up
• 19 Business Travel and Business Event Markets
• Warming Up
• Definitions of Market Segments
• Size and Importance of Business Travel and Business Event Markets
• Benefits of Business Travel and Business Event Markets
• Challenges for Business Travel and Business Events
• Trends for Business Travel and Business Events
• Professional Congress or Conference Organizers (PCOs)
• Incentive Travel Planners
• Requests for Proposals (RFPs)
• Business Event Marketing, Branding, and Communications
• Summing Up
• Part V Destination Management Performance Measurement and the Future of Destination Management
• 20 Destination Management Performance Measurement and Management
• Warming Up
• The Uniqueness of Destination Management Performance Measurement
• Definitions of Performance Measurement and Performance Management
• Destination Management Roles Performance (8 + 3D Platform)
• Performance Metrics
• Levels of Performance Measurement for Destination Management
• The 80–20 Principle and the Iceberg Effect
• Performance Measurement Systems
• Performance Measurement Process
• DMO Funding and Budgets
• Evaluation
• Performance Reporting
• Summing Up
• 21 The Future of Destination Management
• Warming Up
• Pre-COVID Issues in Destination Management
• Summary of Issues and Trends from Previous Chapters
• Destination Management Issues in the COVID-19 Years
• Expected Future Trends and Potential Challenges for Destinations and DMOs
• The DMO of the Future
• Summing Up
• Index