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• Title page
• Copyright
• Contents
• Figures and Tables
• Foreword
• Dedication
• Acknowledgments
• The Editors
• The Contributors
• PART ONE: Introduction to Methods for Community-Based Participatory Research for Health
• Chapter 1: Introduction to Methods for CBPR for Health
• Background
• Principles of CBPR
• Core Components/Phases in Conducting CBPR
• CBPR and Health Inequities: Cultural, Social, Economic, and Environmental Context
• Purpose and Goals of This Book
• Organization of This Book
• Summary
• References
• PART TWO: Partnership Formation and Maintenance
• References
• Chapter 2: Developing and Maintaining Partnerships with Communities
• How Do We Start?
• Strategy 1: Reflect on Own Capacities and Those of Our Institutions to Engage in Research Partnershi
• Strategy 2: Identify Potential Partners and Partnerships Through Appropriate Networks, Associations,
• Strategy 3: Negotiate a Research Agenda Based on a Common Framework on Mechanisms for Change
• Strategy 4: Use Up, Down, and Peer Mentoring and Apprenticeship, Across the CBPR Partnership
• Strategy 5. Create and Nurture Structures to Sustain Partnerships, Through Constituency Building and
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 3: Strategies and Techniques for Effective Group Process in CBPR Partnerships
• Elements of Group Dynamics Relevant to CBPR Partnerships
• Group Membership
• Equitable Participation and Open Communication
• Establishing Norms for Working Together
• Developing and Maintaining Trust
• Selecting and Prioritizing Goals and Objectives
• Identifying Community Strengths and Concerns
• Leadership
• Power and Influence
• Addressing Conflict
• Decision Making
• Specific Strategies for Working in Diverse Partnerships
• Importance of Partnership Assessment
• Summary
• Discussion Questions
• Key Terms
• References
• Chapter 4: Infrastructure for Equitable Decision Making In Research
• Background on the CBPR Partnerships
• Infrastructure for CBPR Partnership Development
• Structure 1: Undoing Racism Training
• Structure 2: Full Value Contract
• Infrastructure for Conducting Research
• Structure 3: Research Ethics Training and Certification
• Structure 4: Partnership Bylaws
• Structure 5: CBPR Conflict Management Procedures
• Infrastructure for Dissemination Phase
• Structure 6: Publications and Dissemination Guidelines
• Lessons Learned and Implications for Practice
• Summary
• Discussion Questions
• Key Terms
• References
• PART THREE: Community Assessment and Diagnosis
• References
• Chapter 5: Insiders and Outsiders Assess Who Is “The Community”: Participant Observation, Key In
• Origins of Aocd
• General Description of AOCD Research Design and Methods
• Challenges, Lessons Learned, and Implications for Conducting AOCD
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 6: Using Ethnography in Participatory Community Assessment
• Community-Based Participatory Research and Community Assessment
• Introducing Participatory Community Assessment (PCA)
• Defining the Characteristics of Ethnography That Are Compatible with Participatory Community Assessm
• Defining Participatory Community Assessment
• Defining Community
• Ethnographic Methods in Participatory Community Assessment
• Forming the Assessment Group
• Issue Identification
• Constructing Assessment Models
• Cultural (Community) Level Data Collection
• Individual-Level Data Collection
• Participatory Analysis and Triangulation of Data for Results
• Implementation Challenges
• Lessons Learned
• Implications for Practice
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• PART FOUR: Define the Issue, Design and Conduct the Research
• References
• Chapter 7: Community-Based Participation in Survey Design and Implementation: The Healthy Environmen
• Background and Description: Healthy Environments Partnership
• Role of Partners and Community Members in the Development, Implementation, and Application of Findin
• Creating a Framework for Participation and Influence: The Healthy Environments Partnership Steering
• Engaging Diverse Community Members: Focus Groups
• Creating a Structure for Focused Collaborative Work: The Survey Subcommittee
• Getting Feedback and Fine-Tuning the Survey Questionnaire: Pretesting and Discussion With Community
• Steering Committee: Oversight of Field Period
• Results of Survey Implementation
• Wave 2 Survey, 2008
• Interpretation, Dissemination, and Application of Survey Results
• Challenges, Lessons Learned, and Implications for Practice from the Hep Community Surveys
• Creating Mechanisms for Multiple Forms of Participation from Diverse Groups
• Addressing Geographic Distance and Difference
• Providing Flexible and Organized Support for Participation
• Recognizing When Participation Is Needed, and from Whom
• Recognize Both the Capacities and the Limits of the Partnership
• Balancing Multiple Priorities
• Demonstrating That Contributions Are Valued
• Sustaining Mutual Commitment
• Establishing Mechanisms to Assure Bidirectional Communication Across Multiple Dimensions
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Questions for Discussion
• References
• Chapter 8: Using a CBPR Approach to Develop an Interviewer Training Manual with Members of the Apsá
• Community Setting
• CBPR Partnership Background
• Development of Survey Research Processes
• Goals of Survey Research
• Recruitment and Enrollment
• Manner of the Interviewer
• Beginning and Closing the Interview in a Respectful Manner
• Language Use
• Dissemination and Use of Survey Findings
• The Interviewers
• Challenges
• Lessons Learned and Implications
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 9: The Application of Focus Group Methodologies to CBPR
• CBPR and the Project Background
• Research Design and Focus Group Methods
• Focus Group Interviews with Pregnant and Postpartum Women
• Focus Group Interviews with Policy, Program and Organization Leaders
• Data Analysis
• Data Feedback, Use of Data and Products, and Resulting CBPR Interventions
• Challenges and Limitations
• Lessons Learned and Implications for Practice
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 10: Development, Evolution, and Implementation of a Food Environment Audit for DiverseNeighb
• What Is a Food Audit?
• Overview of The Healthy Environments Partnership (HEP)
• Development of Food Store Audit
• Origins and Evolution of the Food Store Audit
• Overview of the HEP Food Environment Audit for Diverse Neighborhoods (FEAD-N)
• Implementation of Food Store Audit
• Recruitment, Hiring, and Training of Community Members as Observers
• Data Collection
• Inter-Rater Reliability Results
• Challenges and Limitations
• Food Audits Are Based on a Common Rubric
• Food Audit Was Cross-Sectional
• Limits on How Much Data Can Be Reliably Collected Due to Financial and Time Constraints
• Balance Between Data Comparability and Local Relevance
• Lessons Learned and Implications for Practice
• Invest in Training and Supervision of Community Members
• Complement with Other Research Methods that Engage Community Members
• Create Synergies Between Action and Research and Among CBPR Projects
• Promote Colearning and Benefits for All Partners in Keeping with CBPR Principles
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 11: CBPR and Ethnography: The Perfect Union
• A General Description of Ethnography
• Methods within Methods
• Community Ethnographers
• Study Background
• Study Setting
• CBEPR Partnership
• The Cbepr Process Exemplified
• Stage One: Developing the Proposal
• Stage Two: Moving from Concept to Process
• Stage Three: Analyzing the Findings
• Challenges and Limitations
• Lessons Learned
• How Team Members Learned
• What Team Members Learned
• Skills and Understandings
• Building Knowledge About Health Disparities inDiverse Communities
• Implications for Practice
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 12: What’s with the Wheezing?: Methods Used by the Seattle-King County Healthy Homes Proje
• Environmental Exposure Assessment Methods and Asthma
• Seattle-King County Asthma Program
• Home Environmental Assessment in The Healthy Homes Projects
• Deciding What to Measure
• Exposure Measures
• Data Collection Methods
• Data Collectors
• Improving Exposure Assessment with a CBPR Approach
• Cross-Cultural Issues
• Quantity and Complexity of Data
• Data Collection
• Challenges, Lessons Learned, and Implications for Practice
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• PART FIVE: Documentation and Evaluation of Partnerships
• References
• Chapter 13: Documentation and Evaluation of CBPR Partnerships: The Use of In-Depth Interviews and Cl
• Conceptual Framework for Assessing CBPR Partnerships
• General Description of Data Collection Methods
• In-Depth, Semistructured Interviews
• Closed-Ended Survey Questionnaires
• Application of Methods to Detroit Community-Academic Urban Research Center
• Partnership Background
• Evaluation Design and Role of the Evaluation Subcommittee
• In-Depth, Semistructured Interviews
• Closed-Ended Survey Questionnaire
• Challenges and Limitations
• Lessons Learned and Implications for Practice
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• PART SIX: Feedback, Interpretation, Dissemination, and Application of Results
• References
• Chapter 14: Developing and Implementing Guidelines for Dissemination: The Experience of the Communit
• Overview of The Community Action Against Asthma Partnership
• Formation and Functions of The Caaa Dissemination Committee
• Recruiting and Selecting Members
• Developing Dissemination Guidelines and Related Issues
• Establishing Procedures for Feedback to the Community
• Transition of DC Responsibilities to the SC
• Implementation of The Guidelines: Examples of Dissemination Decisions and Activities
• Selecting Representatives for Conferences and Meetings
• Approving Abstracts and Abstract Authorship for Conference Presentations
• Selecting Lead Authors and Coauthors for Manuscripts
• Handling Requests for Use of Data
• Discussing How to Handle Dissemination Requirements for Affiliated Projects
• Feeding Back to Participants and the Wider Community
• Challenges
• Lessons Learned and Implications for Practice
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 15: Collaborative Data Collection, Interpretation, and Action Planning in A Rural African Am
• Overview of Men on The Move
• Statement of Problem
• Evolution of Partnership
• Methods for Partner Engagement, Multilevel Assessment,and Findings and Action Steps
• Community Forums
• Partner Engagement in Community Forums
• Findings and Action Steps Taken Based on Community Forums
• Community-Wide Assessment
• Partner Engagement in Community-Wide Assessment
• Findings and Action Steps Taken Based on Community-Wide Assessment
• Economic Assessment
• Partner Engagement in Economic Assessment
• Findings and Action Steps Taken Based on Economic Assessment
• Soft Skills Class Evaluation
• Partner Engagement in Soft Skills Class Evaluation
• Findings and Action Steps Taken Based on Soft Skills Class Evaluation
• Photo-Elicitation Group Interviews
• Partner Engagement in Photo-Elicitation Group Interviews
• Findings and Action Steps Taken Based on Photo-Elicitation Group Interviews
• Challenges
• Lessons Learned and Implications for Practice
• Recognizing the Benefi t of a CBPR Approach
• Readiness Is Important for Determining Utility of Various Methods
• Methods and Tools May Not Accurately Capture Information Desired
• CBPR Approach Can Enhance Collection andInterpretation of Data
• Engaging Participants from Outside Core Partnership Can Increase Skills and Credibility
• Not All Aspects of Community Represented in Any Given CBPR Assessment
• Engaging New Partners Requires Orientation and Modification
• Integrating Work into the Broader Community
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 16: Collaborative Mapping for Health Equity: Making Place Visible
• New Technology and Community Mapping for Health
• Mapping and Movement Building
• Mapping for Environmental Justice in East Oakland
• Building Leadership Through Community Mapping
• Community Cumulative Impacts on Map Making
• Community Mapping for Health Equity in Brooklyn, New York
• Contested Images: Community and Professional Maps
• Challenges and Recommendations
• Community Mapping in CBPR: Opportunities and Lessons Learned
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 17: Photovoice as a CBPR Method: A Case Study with African American Breast Cancer Survivors
• The Origin, Use, and Theoretical Underpinnings of Photovoice
• Theoretical Underpinnings of Photovoice
• Application of Photovoice: The Surviving Angels—Inspirational Images Project
• Preparing for the Photovoice Project Using a CBPR Process
• Implementing the Photovoice Project Using a CBPR Process
• Developing a QOL Framework Grounded in Survivors’ Experiences and Perspectives
• Sharing Findings with Local Policymakers and Decision Makers:Planning and Conducting a Forum
• Challenges
• Lessons Learned—Implications for Practice
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 18: Methods for Community-Based Participatory Policy Work to Improve Food Environments in Ne
• What Is Community-Based Participatory Policy Work?
• Food-Related Health Conditions and Food Policy in New York City
• The Brooklyn Food Coalition
• Faith Leaders for Environmental Justice
• The Health Equity Project
• Methods for Data Collection, Analysis and Presentation
• Eliciting Various Constituencies’ Definitions of Priority Problems
• Eliciting Data on Participant Experiences with Current Policies
• Identifying, Accessing, and Understanding Existing Data Sources to Document Problems Associated with
• Collecting and Analyzing Primary Data on Food Environments
• Policy Scanning and Analysis
• Eliciting Views on Policy Opportunities
• Limitations and Challenges
• Lessons Learned and Implications for Practice
• Need for a Team with Diverse Skills
• Grant Funding Plays a Role in What Is Possible and When
• Tensions Around How Much Participation Is Needed at Various Decision Points
• Coupling Education and Research Processes Can Help to Build Constituencies for Change
• Importance of Understanding How and Where Evidence Can Be Used Persuasively
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Chapter 19: Citizens, Science, and Data Judo: Leveraging Secondary Data Analysis to Build a Communit
• Los Angeles Collaborative for Environmental Health and Justice: Background and The Partners Involved
• Developing Approaches to CBPR on Environmental Justice
• Identifi cation and Selection of Secondary Data
• Analysis of Secondary Data
• Dissemination of Research Results to Enhance Community Participation in Environmental Policymaking a
• Leveraging Research to Promote Policy Change
• Transforming Traditional Approaches for Researching CommunityEnvironmental Health
• Challenges and Limitations of EmphasizingSecondary Data Analysis
• Lessons Learned and Looking Toward the Future
• Summary
• Key Terms
• Discussion Questions
• References
• Appendixes
• Appendix A: Instructions For Conducting A Force Field Analysis
• Procedure
• References
• Appendix B: Full Value Contract
• Appendix C: Collaborative Revised Bylaws: Adopted/Amended: (Month, Day, Year)
• Article I: Name
• Article II: Mission, Goal, and Strategy
• Section 1—Mission
• Section 2—Goal
• Section 3—Strategy
• Article III: Membership
• Section 1—Eligibility
• Section 2—Representative Membership Make-Up
• Section 3—Annual Dues
• Section 4—Membership
• Section 5—Rights of Members
• Section 6—Change in Membership Status, Resignation, and Termination
• Article IV: Meetings of Members
• Section 1—Regular Meetings
• Section 2—Special Meetings
• Section 3—Notice of Meetings
• Section 4—Distribution of Meeting Minutes
• Section 5—Quorum
• Section 6—Voting
• Article V: Executive Committee
• Section 1—Officers and Duties
• Section 2—Terms
• Section 3—Vacancies
• Section 4—Resignation, Termination, and Absences
• Section 5—Special Meetings
• Article VI: Committees
• Section 1—Appointments
• Section 2—Standing Committees
• Section 3—Special Committees
• Article VII: Amendments
• Section 1—Amendments
• Article VIII: Gifts, Bequests, And Grants
• Certification
• Appendix D: Community Member Key Informant Interview Guide
• Appendix E: Selected Healthy Environments Partnership Measures By Survey Categories, Indicating Sour
• References
• Appendix F: Promoting Healthy Lifestyles Among Women: Focus Group Summary Analysis Form: Eastside an
• Promoviendo Estilos De Vida Saludables Entre Mujeres
• Appendix G Field Notes Guide
• Appendix H In-Depth, Semi-structured Interview Protocol: Detroit Community-Academic Urban Research C
• Interview Questions Asked in 1996
• Additional Interview Questions Asked in 1999
• Additional Interview Questions Asked in 2002
• Reference
• Appendix I Closed-Ended Survey Questionnaire: Detroit Community-Academic Urban Research Center, Detr
• Notes
• References/Sources
• Appendix J Philosophy and Guiding Principles for Dissemination of Findings of Community Action Again
• Appendix K Inspirational Images Project: Fact Sheet and Informed Consent Form for Study Participants
• Would You Like to Participate in This Research Project Exploring Breast Cancer Survivorship?
• Appendix L Inspirational Images Project: Informed Consent Form for Adults Who May Appear in Photogra
• May I Take Your Picture?
• Appendix M Southern California Environmental Justice Collaborative: Partnership Agreed-Upon Mechanis
• Index
• EULA