Efnisyfirlit

• Cover
• Half-Title Page
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Contents in brief
• Contents
• Preamble
• Acknowledgments
• 1 Microbial Diversity
• Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
• The Importance of the Identification and Classification of Microorganisms
• Plasmids and the Classification of Bacteria
• Analysis of Microbial Populations in Natural Environments
• Taxonomic Diversity of Bacteria with Uses in Biotechnology
• Characteristics of the Fungi
• Classification of the Fungi
• Culture Collections and the Preservation of Microorganisms
• Summary
• Selected References and Online Resources
• 2 Microbial Biotechnology: Scope, Techniques, Examples
• Human Therapeutics
• Agriculture
• Food Technology
• Single-Cell Protein
• Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
• Microbial Whole-Cell Bioreporters
• Organic Chemistry
• Summary
• Selected References and Online Resources
• 3 Production of Proteins in Bacteria and Yeast
• Production of Proteins in Bacteria
• Production of Proteins in Yeast
• Summary
• Selected References
• 4 The World of “Omics”: Genomics, Transcriptomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics
• Genomics
• Transcriptomics
• Proteomics
• Metabolomics and Systems Biology
• Summary
• Selected References
• 5 Recombinant and Synthetic Vaccines
• Problems with Traditional Vaccines
• Impact of Biotechnology on Vaccine Development
• Mechanisms for Producing Immunity
• Improving the Effectiveness of Subunit Vaccines
• Fragments of Antigen Subunit Used as Synthetic Peptide Vaccines
• DNA Vaccines
• Vaccines in Development
• Summary
• Selected References
• 6 Plant–Microbe Interactions
• Use of Symbionts
• Production of Transgenic Plants
• Summary
• Selected References
• 7 Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Toxins: Microbial Insecticides
• Bacillus thuringiensis
• Insect-Resistant Transgenic Crops
• Benefit and Risk Assessment of Bt Crops
• Summary
• Selected References and On-Line Resources
• 8 Microbial Polysaccharides and Polyesters
• Polysaccharides
• Xanthan Gum
• Polyesters
• Summary
• References
• 9 Primary Metabolites: Organic Acids and Amino Acids
• Citric Acid
• Amino Acid: l-Glutamate
• Amino Acids Other Than Glutamate
• Amino Acid Production with Enzymes
• Summary
• Selected References
• 10 Secondary Metabolites: Antibiotics and More
• Activities of Secondary Metabolites
• Primary Goals of Antibiotic Research
• Development of Aminoglycosides
• Development of the β-Lactams
• Production of Antibiotics
• Problem of Antibiotic Resistance
• Summary
• Selected References
• 11 Biocatalysis in Organic Chemistry
• Microbial Transformation of Steroids and Sterols
• Asymmetric Catalysis in the Pharmaceutical and Agrochemical Industries
• Microbial Diversity: A Vast Reservoir of Distinctive Enzymes
• High-Throughput Screening of Environmental DNA for Natural Enzyme Variants with Desired Catalytic Properties: An Example
• Approaches to Optimization of the “Best Available” Natural Enzyme Variants
• Rational Methods of Protein Engineering
• Large-Scale Biocatalytic Processes
• Summary
• References
• 12 Biomass
• Major Components of Plant Biomass
• Degradation of Lignocellulose by Fungi and Bacteria
• Degradation of Lignin
• Degradation of Cellulose
• Degradation of Hemicelluloses
• The Promise of Enzymatic Lignocellulose Biodegradation
• Summary
• References and Online Resources
• 13 Ethanol
• Stage I: From Feedstocks to Fermentable Sugars
• Stage II: From Sugars to Alcohol
• Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation: Stages I and II Combined
• Prospects of Fuel Ethanol from Biomass
• Summary
• References and Online Resources
• 14 Environmental Applications
• Degradative Capabilities of Microorganisms and Origins of Organic Compounds
• Wastewater Treatment
• Microbiological Degradation of Xenobiotics
• Microorganisms in Mineral Recovery
• Microorganisms in the Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Effluent
• Summary
• References
• Index