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• Cover
• Dedication
• Title
• Copyright
• Figures and Tables
• Preface to the Third Edition
• Introduction
• PART ONE: CLASSIC MODELS
• 1 Classical Democracy: Athens
• Political ideals and aims
• Institutional features
• The exclusivity of ancient democracy
• The critics
• 2 Republicanism: Liberty, Self-Government and the Active Citizen
• The eclipse and re-emergence of homo politicus
• The reforging of republicanism
• Republicanism, elective government and popular sovereignty
• From civic life to civic glory
• The republic and the general will
• The public and the private
• 3 The Development of Liberal Democracy: For and Against the State
• Power and sovereignty
• Citizenship and the constitutional state
• Separation of powers
• The problem of factions
• Accountability and markets
• Liberty and the development of democracy
• The dangers of despotic power and an overgrown state
• Representative government
• The subordination of women
• Competing conceptions of the ‘ends of government’
• 4 Direct Democracy and the End of Politics
• Class and class conflict
• History as evolution and the development of capitalism
• Two theories of the state
• The end of politics
• Competing conceptions of Marxism
• PART TWO: VARIANTS FROM THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
• 5 Competitive Elitism and the Technocratic Vision
• Classes, power and conflict
• Bureaucracy, parliaments and nation-states
• Competitive elitist democracy
• Liberal democracy at the crossroads
• The last vestige of democracy?
• Democracy, capitalism and socialism
• ‘Classical’ v. modern democracy
• A technocratic vision
• 6 Pluralism, Corporate Capitalism and the State
• Group politics, governments and power
• Politics, consensus and the distribution of power
• Democracy, corporate capitalism and the state
• Accumulation, legitimation and the restricted sphere of the political
• The changing form of representative institutions
• 7 From Postwar Stability to Political Crisis: The Polarization of Political Ideals
• A legitimate democratic order or a repressive regime?
• Overloaded state or legitimation crisis?
• Crisis theories: an assessment
• Law, liberty and democracy
• Participation, liberty and democracy
• 8 Democracy after Soviet Communism
• The historical backdrop
• The triumph of economic and political liberalism?
• The renewed necessity of Marxism and democracy from ‘below’?
• 9 Deliberative Democracy and the Defence of the Public Realm
• Reason and participation
• The limits of democratic theory
• The aims of deliberative democracy
• What is sound public reasoning? Impartialism and its critics
• Institutions of deliberative democracy
• Value pluralism and democracy
• PART THREE: WHAT SHOULD DEMOCRACY MEAN TODAY?
• 10 Democratic Autonomy
• The appeal of democracy
• The principle of autonomy
• Enacting the principle
• The heritage of classic and twentieth-century democratic theory
• Democracy: a double-sided process
• Democratic autonomy: compatibilities and incompatibilities
• 11 Democracy, the Nation-State and the Global System
• Democratic legitimacy and borders
• Regional and global flows: old and new
• Sovereignty, autonomy and disjunctures
• Rethinking democracy for a more global age: the cosmopolitan model
• A utopian project?
• Acknowledgements
• Bibliography
• Index
• End User License Agreement