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• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Contents
• List of illustrations
• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• 1 Introduction to Natural Hazards
• Rationale
• Historical background
• Chapter outlines
• References and further reading
• Climatic Hazards
• 2 Mechanisms of Climate Variability
• Introduction
• Models of atmospheric circulation and change
• Astronomical cycles
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• 3 Large-scale Storms as a Hazard
• Introduction
• Tropical cyclones
• Extra-tropical cyclones
• Snowstorms, blizzards and freezing rain
• Storm surges
• Probability of occurrence
• Dust storms
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• 4 Localized Storms
• Introduction
• Thunderstorms, lightning and hail
• Tornadoes
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• 5 Drought as a Hazard
• Introduction
• Pre-colonial response to drought
• Post-colonial response
• Drought conditions exacerbated by modern societies
• Modern response to droughts
• International response
• Private responses: Bob Geldof
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• 6 Flooding as a Hazard
• Introduction
• Flash floods
• High-magnitude, regional floods
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• 7 Fires in Nature
• Introduction
• Conditions favoring intense bushfires
• Causes of fires
• Bushfire disasters: world perspective
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• 8 Oceanic Hazards
• Introduction
• Waves as a hazard
• Sea-ice as a hazard
• Sea level rise as a hazard
• Beach erosion hazard
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• Geological Hazards
• 9 Causes and Prediction of Earthquakes and Volcanoes
• Introduction
• Scales for measuring earthquake intensity
• Distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes
• Causes of earthquakes and volcanoes
• Prediction of earthquakes and volcanoes
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• 10 Earthquakes and Tsunami as Hazards
• Types of shock waves
• Seismic risk maps
• Earthquake disasters
• Liquefaction or thixotropy
• Tsunami
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• 11 Volcanoes as a Hazard
• Introduction
• Types of volcanic eruptions
• Volcanic hazards
• Volcanic disasters
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• 12 Land Instability as a Hazard
• Introduction
• Soil mechanics
• Shear strength of soils
• Classification of land instability
• Subsidence
• Concluding comments
• References and further reading
• Social Impact
• 13 Personal and Group Response to Hazards
• Introduction
• Before the event
• Dealing with the event and its aftermath
• Additional impacts
• References and further reading
• 14 Epilogue
• Changing hazard regimes
• Modern consequences of natural hazards
• References and further reading
• Select glossary of terms
• Index