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• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Any screen, Any time, Anywhere
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contributors
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Section 1: The Profession of Pediatrics
• Chapter 1. Population and Culture: The Care of Children in Society
• Care of Children in Society
• Current Challenges
• Landscape of Health Care for Children in the United States
• Other Health Issues that Affect Children in the United States
• Health Disparities in Health Care for Children
• Changing Morbidity: Social/Emotional Aspects of Pediatric Practice
• Culture
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 2. Professionalism
• Concept of Professionalism
• Professionalism for Pediatricians
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 3. Ethics and Legal Issues
• Ethics in Health Care
• Ethical Principles Related to Infants, Children, and Adolescents
• Legal Issues
• Ethical Issues in Practice
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 4. Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
• Palliative and End-of-Life Care
• Bereavement
• Cognitive Issues in Children and Adolescents: Understanding Death and Dying
• Cultural, Religious, and Spiritual Concerns About Palliative Care and End-of-Life Decisions
• Ethical Issues in End-of-Life Decision-Making
• Organ Donation in Pediatrics
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 1 Population and Culture: The Care of Children in Society
• Chapter 2 Professionalism
• Chapter 3 Ethics and Legal Issues
• Chapter 4 Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
• Section 2: Growth and Development
• Chapter 5. Normal Growth
• Health Maintenance Visit
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 6. Disorders of Growth
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 7. Normal Development
• Physical Development
• Newborn Period
• Later Infancy
• School Age/Preadolescent
• Adolescence
• Developmental Milestones
• Psychosocial Assessment
• Modifying Psychosocial Behaviors
• Temperament
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 8. Disorders of Development
• Developmental Surveillance and Screening
• Other Issues in Assessing Development and Behavior
• Evaluating Developmental and Behavioral Issues
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 9. Evaluation of the Well Child
• Screening Tests
• Dental Care
• Nutritional Assessment
• Anticipatory Guidance
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 10. Evaluation of the Child with Special Needs
• Multifaceted Team Assessment of Complex Problems
• Management of Developmental Problems
• Selected Clinical Problems: The Special Needs Child
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 5 Normal Growth
• Chapter 6 Disorders of Growth
• Chapter 7 Normal Development
• Chapter 8 Disorders of Development
• Chapter 9 Evaluation of the Well Child
• Chapter 10 Evaluation of the Child with Special Needs
• Section 3: Behavioral Disorders
• Chapter 11. Crying and Colic
• Normal Development
• Colic
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 12. Temper Tantrums
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Differential Diagnosis
• Anticipatory Guidance and Management
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 13. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Differential Diagnosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 14. Control of Elimination
• Normal Development of Elimination
• Enuresis
• Functional Constipation and Encopresis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 15. Normal Sleep and Pediatric Sleep Disorders
• Adolescent Sleep
• Sleep Disorders
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 11 Crying and Colic
• Chapter 12 Temper Tantrums
• Chapter 13 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
• Chapter 14 Control of Elimination
• Chapter 15 Normal Sleep and Pediatric Sleep Disorders
• Section 4: Psychiatric Disorders
• Chapter 16. Somatoform Disorders, Factitious Disorders, and Malingering
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 17. Anxiety and Phobias
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 18. Depression and Bipolar Disorders
• Bipolar and Related Disorders
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 19. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 20. Pervasive Developmental Disorders and Psychoses
• Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 16 Somatoform Disorders, Factitious Disorders, and Malingering
• Chapter 17 Anxiety and Phobias
• Chapter 18 Depression and Bipolar Disorders
• Chapter 19 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Chapter 20 Pervasive Developmental Disorders and Psychoses
• Section 5: Psychosocial Issues
• Chapter 21. Failure to Thrive
• Etiology
• Diagnosis and Clinical Manifestations
• Treatment
• Complications
• Psychosocial Short Stature
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 22. Child Abuse and Neglect
• Neglect
• Physical Abuse
• Medical Child Abuse
• Sexual Abuse
• Management
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 23. Sexuality and Gender Identity
• Development of Sexuality
• Sexual Orientation
• Development of Gender Identity
• Gender Dysphoria
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 24. Family Structure and Function
• Family Functions
• Family Structure
• Family Dysfunction: Physical Needs
• Family Dysfunction: Emotional Support, Education, and Socialization
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 25. Violence
• Intimate Partner Violence and Children
• Dating Violence and Date Rape
• Bullying
• Assault
• Community Violence
• Violence and Technology
• Youth Violence, the Juvenile Justice System, and Health
• Trauma-Informed Care
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 26. Divorce, Separation, and Bereavement
• Divorce
• Separations from Parents
• Death of a Parent or Family Member and Bereavement
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 21 Failure to Thrive
• Chapter 22 Child Abuse and Neglect
• Chapter 23 Sexuality and Gender Identity
• Chapter 24 Family Structure and Function
• Chapter 25 Violence
• Chapter 26 Divorce, Separation, and Bereavement
• Section 6: Pediatric Nutrition and Nutritional Disorders
• Chapter 27. Diet of the Normal Infant
• Breast-Feeding
• Formula Feeding
• Complementary Foods
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 28. Diet of the Normal Child and Adolescent
• Nutrition Issues for Toddlers and Older Children
• Milk
• Juices
• General Recommendations
• Salt Intake
• Iron Intake
• Nutrition Issues for Adolescents
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 29. Obesity
• Definitions
• Epidemiology
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Assessment
• Prevention
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 30. Pediatric Undernutrition
• Failure to Thrive
• Marasmus
• Kwashiorkor
• Mixed Marasmus-Kwashiorkor
• Treatment of Malnutrition
• Complications of Malnutrition
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 31. Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies
• Water-Soluble Vitamins
• Fat-Soluble Vitamins
• Minerals
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 27 Diet of the Normal Infant
• Chapter 28 Diet of the Normal Child and Adolescent
• Chapter 29 Obesity
• Chapter 30 Pediatric Undernutrition
• Chapter 31 Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies
• Section 7: Fluids and Electrolytes
• Chapter 32. Maintenance Fluid Therapy
• Body Composition
• Regulation of Intravascular Volume and Osmolality
• Maintenance Fluids
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 33. Dehydration and Replacement Therapy
• Replacement Therapy
• Dehydration
• Monitoring and Adjusting Therapy
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 34. Parenteral Nutrition
• Indications
• Access for Parenteral Nutrition
• Composition Of Parenteral Nutrition
• Complications
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 35. Sodium Disorders
• Hyponatremia
• Hypernatremia
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 36. Potassium Disorders
• Hypokalemia
• Hyperkalemia
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 37. Acid-Base Disorders
• Clinical Assessment of Acid-Base Disorders
• Metabolic Acidosis
• Metabolic Alkalosis
• Respiratory Acid-Base Disturbances
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 32 Maintenance Fluid Therapy
• Chapter 33 Dehydration and Replacement Therapy
• Chapter 34 Parenteral Nutrition
• Chapter 35 Sodium Disorders
• Chapter 36 Potassium Disorders
• Chapter 37 Acid-Base Disorders
• Section 8: The Acutely Ill or Injured Child
• Chapter 38. Assessment and Resuscitation
• Initial Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination
• Common Manifestations
• Initial Diagnostic Evaluation
• Resuscitation
• Cardiopulmonary Arrest
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 39. Respiratory Failure
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 40. Shock
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Hypovolemic Shock
• Distributive Shock
• Cardiogenic Shock
• Obstructive Shock
• Dissociative Shock
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 41. Injury Prevention
• Epidemiology and Etiology
• Education for Preventing Injuries
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 42. Major Trauma
• Assessment and Resuscitation
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Clinical Manifestations and Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 43. Drowning
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Treatment
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 44. Burns
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 45. Poisoning
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Complications
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Treatment
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 46. Sedation and Analgesia
• Assessment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 38 Assessment and Resuscitation
• Chapter 39 Respiratory Failure
• Chapter 40 Shock
• Chapter 41 Injury Prevention
• Chapter 42 Major Trauma
• Chapter 43 Drowning
• Chapter 44 Burns
• Chapter 45 Poisoning
• Chapter 46 Sedation and Analgesia
• Section 9: Human Genetics and Dysmorphology
• Chapter 47. Patterns of Inheritance
• Types of Genetic Disorders
• Introduction to Genetics and Genomics
• Other Types of Genetic Disorders
• Teratogenic Agents
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 48. Genetic Assessment and Diagnosis
• Preconception and Prenatal Counseling
• General Approach to Patients
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 49. Chromosomal Disorders
• Abnormalities In Number (Aneuploidy)
• Syndromes Involving Chromosomal Deletions
• Syndromes Involving Chromosome Duplication
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 50. Approach to the Dysmorphic Child
• Definitions
• History and Physical Examination
• Laboratory Evaluation
• Diagnosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 47 Patterns of Inheritance
• Chapter 48 Genetic Assessment and Diagnosis
• Chapter 49 Chromosomal Disorders
• Chapter 50 Approach to the Dysmorphic Child
• Section 10: Metabolic Disorders
• Chapter 51. Metabolic Assessment
• Signs and Symptoms
• Types of Clinical Presentation of Inborn Errors
• Clinical Assessment and Laboratory Testing
• Genetic Aspects of Inborn Errors
• Identification of Inborn Errors by Neonatal Screening
• Overview of Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 52. Carbohydrate Disorders
• Glycogen Storage Diseases
• Galactosemia
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 53. Amino Acid Disorders
• Disorders of Amino Acid Metabolism
• Phenylketonuria
• Tyrosinemias
• Homocystinuria
• Maple Syrup Urine Disease
• Disorders of Ammonia Disposal
• Disorders of Amino Acid Transport that Affect Specific Transport Mechanisms in the Kidney and Intestine
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 54. Organic Acid Disorders
• Disorders of Organic Acid Metabolism
• Propionic Acidemia and Methylmalonic Acidemia
• Isovaleric Acidemia
• Glutaric Acidemia I
• Biotinidase Deficiency and Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 55. Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders
• Disorders of Fatty Acid Oxidation
• Glutaric Aciduria Type II
• Carnitine Deficiency
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 56. Lysosomal and Peroxisomal Disorders
• Peroxisomal Disorders
• Lysosomal Storage Disorders
• Diagnostic Testing
• Treatment Strategies
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 57. Mitochondrial Disorders
• Mitochondrial Function
• Signs and Symptoms of Genetic Disorders of Mitochondrial Function
• Biochemical Abnormalities in Mitochondrial Function
• Genetics of Mitochondrial Disorders
• Treatment of Mitochondrial Disorders
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 51 Metabolic Assessment
• Chapter 52 Carbohydrate Disorders
• Chapter 53 Amino Acid Disorders
• Chapter 54 Organic Acid Disorders
• Chapter 55 Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders
• Chapter 56 Lysosomal and Peroxisomal Disorders
• Chapter 57 Mitochondrial Disorders
• Section 11: Fetal and Neonatal Medicine
• Chapter 58. Assessment of the Mother, Fetus, and Newborn
• Assessment of the Mother
• Fetus and Newborn
• Assessment of the Fetus
• Assessment of the Newborn
• Neurologic Assessment
• Miscellaneous Disorders
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 59. Maternal Diseases Affecting the Newborn
• Antiphospholipid Syndrome
• Idiopathic (Immune) Thrombocytopenia
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Neonatal Hyperthyroidism
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Other Conditions
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 60. Diseases of the Fetus
• Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Small for Gestational Age
• Hydrops Fetalis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 61. Respiratory Diseases of the Newborn
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Hyaline Membrane Disease)
• Complications of Respiratory Distress Syndrome
• Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn
• Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
• Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn
• Apnea of Prematurity
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 62. Anemia and Hyperbilirubinemia
• Anemia
• Hyperbilirubinemia
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 63. Necrotizing Enterocolitis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 64. Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, Intracranial Hemorrhage, and Seizures
• Neonatal Seizures
• Intracranial Hemorrhage
• Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 65. Sepsis and Meningitis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 66. Congenital Infections
• Toxoplasmosis
• Rubella
• Cytomegalovirus
• Herpes Simplex Virus
• Congenital Syphilis
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus
• Hepatitis B
• Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
• Chlamydia
• Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
• Zika Virus
• COVID-19
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 58 Assessment of the Mother, Fetus, and Newborn
• Chapter 59 Maternal Diseases Affecting the Newborn
• Chapter 60 Diseases of the Fetus
• Chapter 61 Respiratory Diseases of the Newborn
• Chapter 62 Anemia and Hyperbilirubinemia
• Chapter 63 Necrotizing Enterocolitis
• Chapter 64 Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, Intracranial Hemorrhage, and Seizures
• Chapter 65 Sepsis and Meningitis
• Chapter 66 Congenital Infections
• Section 12: Adolescent Medicine
• Chapter 67. Overview and Assessment of Adolescents
• Interviewing Adolescents
• Physical Growth and Development of Adolescents
• Psychologic Growth and Development of Adolescents
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 68. Well-Adolescent Care
• Early Adolescence (Ages 10–14 Years)
• Middle Adolescence (Ages 15–17 Years)
• Late Adolescence (Ages 18–21 Years)
• Gynecologic Examination
• Breast Changes in Girls and Boys
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 69. Adolescent Gynecology
• Vaginal Discharge
• Menstrual Disorders
• Pregnancy
• Contraception
• Sexual Violence
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 70. Eating Disorders
• Anorexia Nervosa
• Bulimia Nervosa
• Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 71. Substance Abuse
• Acute Overdose
• Acute and Chronic Effects
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 67 Overview and Assessment of Adolescents
• Chapter 68 Well-Adolescent Care
• Chapter 69 Adolescent Gynecology
• Chapter 70 Eating Disorders
• Chapter 71 Substance Abuse
• Section 13: Immunology
• Chapter 72. Immunologic Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination
• Differential Diagnosis
• Diagnostic Evaluation
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 73. Lymphocyte Disorders
• Etiology and Clinical Manifestations
• Treatment
• Prevention and Newborn Screening
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 74. Neutrophil Disorders
• Etiology and Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Prognosis and Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 75. Complement System
• Etiology
• Laboratory Studies
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 76. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
• Complications
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 72 Immunologic Assessment
• Chapter 73 Lymphocyte Disorders
• Chapter 74 Neutrophil Disorders
• Chapter 75 Complement System
• Chapter 76 Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
• Section 14: Allergy
• Chapter 77. Allergy Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination
• Initial Diagnostic Evaluation
• Diagnostic Imaging
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 78. Asthma
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 79. Allergic Rhinitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis and Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 80. Atopic Dermatitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 81. Urticaria, Angioedema, and Anaphylaxis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 82. Serum Sickness
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Treatment and Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 83. Insect Allergies
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 84. Adverse Reactions to Foods
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis and Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 85. Adverse Reactions to Drugs
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 77 Allergy Assessment
• Chapter 78 Asthma
• Chapter 79 Allergic Rhinitis
• Chapter 80 Atopic Dermatitis
• Chapter 81 Urticaria, Angioedema, and Anaphylaxis
• Chapter 82 Serum Sickness
• Chapter 83 Insect Allergies
• Chapter 84 Adverse Reactions to Foods
• Chapter 85 Adverse Reaction to Drugs
• Section 15: Rheumatic Diseases of Childhood
• Chapter 86. Rheumatic Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination
• Common Manifestations
• Initial Diagnostic Evaluation
• Laboratory Testing
• Diagnostic Imaging
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 87. IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura)
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 88. Kawasaki Disease
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 89. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Presentation
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 90. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 91. Juvenile Dermatomyositis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 92. Musculoskeletal Pain Syndromes
• Growing Pains
• Benign Hypermobility
• Myofascial Pain Syndromes and Fibromyalgia
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 86 Rheumatic Assessment
• Chapter 87 IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura)
• Chapter 88 Kawasaki Disease
• Chapter 89 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
• Chapter 90 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Chapter 91 Juvenile Dermatomyositis
• Chapter 92 Musculoskeletal Pain Syndromes
• Section 16: Infectious Diseases
• Chapter 93. Infectious Disease Assessment
• Initial Diagnostic Evaluation
• Differential Diagnosis
• Screening Tests
• Diagnostic Imaging
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 94. Immunization and Prophylaxis
• Immunization
• Prophylaxis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 95. Antiinfective Therapy
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 96. Fever Without a Focus
• Fever in Infants Younger than 2 Months of Age
• Fever in Children 2 Months to 3 Years of Age
• Fever of Unknown Origin
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 97. Infections Characterized by Fever and Rash
• Measles (Rubeola)
• Rubella (German or 3-Day Measles)
• Roseola Infantum (Exanthem Subitum)
• Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)
• Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection (Chickenpox and Zoster)
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 98. Cutaneous Infections
• Superficial Bacterial Infections
• Superficial Fungal Infections
• Superficial Viral Infections
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 99. Lymphadenopathy
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 100. Meningitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 101. Encephalitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Differential Diagnosis
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 102. The Common Cold
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 103. Pharyngitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory Evaluation
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 104. Sinusitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 105. Otitis Media
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 106. Otitis Externa
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 107. Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 108. Pertussis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 109. Bronchiolitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 110. Pneumonia
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 111. Infective Endocarditis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory Studies and Imaging
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 112. Acute Gastroenteritis
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 113. Viral Hepatitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 114. Urinary Tract Infection
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 115. Vulvovaginitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 116. Sexually Transmitted Infections
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
• Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
• Chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis)
• Syphilis (Treponema pallidum)
• Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
• Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis)
• Genital Warts (Human Papillomaviruses)
• Pubic Lice (Phthirus pubis)
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 117. Osteomyelitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 118. Infectious Arthritis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 119. Ocular Infections
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 120. Infection in the Immunocompromised Person
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory Tests and Imaging
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 121. Infections Associated with Medical Devices
• Vascular Device Infections
• Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
• Urinary Catheters
• Peritoneal Dialysis–Associated Infections
• Central Nervous System Shunts
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 122. Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Infections
• Lyme Disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Rickettsia rickettsii)
• Ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia chaffeensis) and Anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum)
• West Nile Virus (see Chapter 101)
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 123. Parasitic Diseases
• Protozoal Diseases
• Helminthiases
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 124. Tuberculosis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications and Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 125. Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 93 Infectious Disease Assessment
• Chapter 94 Immunization and Prophylaxis
• Chapter 95 Antiinfective Therapy
• Chapter 96 Fever Without a Focus
• Chapter 97 Infections Characterized by Fever and Rash
• Chapter 98 Cutaneous Infections
• Chapter 99 Lymphadenopathy
• Chapter 100 Meningitis
• Chapter 101 Encephalitis
• Chapter 102 The Common Cold
• Chapter 103 Pharyngitis
• Chapter 104 Sinusitis
• Chapter 105 Otitis Media
• Chapter 106 Otitis Externa
• Chapter 107 Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
• Chapter 108 Pertussis
• Chapter 109 Bronchiolitis
• Chapter 110 Pneumonia
• Chapter 111 Infective Endocarditis
• Chapter 112 Acute Gastroenteritis
• Chapter 113 Viral Hepatitis
• Chapter 114 Urinary Tract Infection
• Chapter 115 Vulvovaginitis
• Chapter 116 Sexually Transmitted Infections
• Chapter 117 Osteomyelitis
• Chapter 118 Infectious Arthritis
• Chapter 119 Ocular Infections
• Chapter 120 Infection in the Immunocompromised Person
• Chapter 121 Infections Associated with Medical Devices
• Chapter 122 Zoonoses and Vector-Borne Infections
• Chapter 123 Parasitic Diseases
• Chapter 124 Tuberculosis
• Chapter 125 Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• Section 17: The Digestive System
• Chapter 126. Digestive System Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination
• Screening Tests
• Diagnostic Imaging
• Common Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Disorders
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 127. Oral Cavity
• Effects of Systemic Disease on the Oral Cavity
• Deciduous and Primary Teeth
• Dental Caries
• Cleft Lip and Palate
• Thrush
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 128. Esophagus and Stomach
• Gastroesophageal Reflux
• Eosinophilic Esophagitis
• Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula
• Esophageal Foreign Bodies
• Caustic Injuries and Pill Ulcers
• Pyloric Stenosis
• Peptic Disease
• Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 129. Intestinal Tract
• Malrotation
• Intestinal Atresia
• Other Congenital Disorders
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease
• Celiac Disease
• Milk and Soy Protein Intolerance (Allergic Colitis)
• Intussusception
• Appendicitis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 130. Liver Disease
• Cholestasis
• Viral Hepatitis
• Fulminant Liver Failure
• Chronic Liver Disease
• Selected Chronic Hepatic Disorders
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 131. Pancreatic Disease
• Pancreatic Insufficiency
• Acute Pancreatitis
• Chronic Pancreatitis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 132. Peritonitis
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 126 Digestive System Assessment
• Chapter 127 Oral Cavity
• Chapter 128 Esophagus and Stomach
• Chapter 129 Intestinal Tract
• Chapter 130 Liver Disease
• Chapter 131 Pancreatic Disease
• Chapter 132 Peritonitis
• Section 18: The Respiratory System
• Chapter 133. Respiratory System Assessment
• Anatomy of the Respiratory System
• Pulmonary Physiology
• History
• Physical Examination
• Diagnostic Measures
• Therapeutic Measures
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 134. Control of Breathing
• Apnea
• Brief Resolved Unexplained Events
• Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 135. Upper Airway Obstruction
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 136. Lower Airway, Parenchymal, and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 137. Cystic Fibrosis
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 138. Chest Wall and Pleura
• Pectus Excavatum and Carinatum
• Pneumothorax
• Pneumomediastinum
• Pleural Effusion
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 133 Respiratory System Assessment
• Chapter 134 Control of Breathing
• Chapter 135 Upper Airway Obstruction
• Chapter 136 Lower Airway, Parenchymal, and Pulmonary Vascular Diseases
• Chapter 137 Cystic Fibrosis
• Chapter 138 Chest Wall and Pleura
• Section 19: The Cardiovascular System
• Chapter 139. Cardiovascular System Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination
• Laboratory and Imaging Tests
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 140. Syncope
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 141. Chest Pain
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 142. Dysrhythmias
• Etiology and Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 143. Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Ventricular Septal Defect
• Atrial Septal Defect
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus
• Endocardial Cushion Defect
• Pulmonary Stenosis
• Aortic Stenosis
• Coarctation of the Aorta
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 144. Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
• Tetralogy of Fallot
• Transposition of the Great Arteries
• Tricuspid Atresia
• Truncus Arteriosus
• Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
• Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
• Complications of Congenital Heart Disease
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 145. Heart Failure
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Imaging Studies
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 146. Rheumatic Fever
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Treatment and Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 147. Cardiomyopathies
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Imaging Studies
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 148. Pericarditis
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Imaging and Laboratory Studies
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 139 Cardiovascular System Assessment
• Chapter 140 Syncope
• Chapter 141 Chest Pain
• Chapter 142 Dysrhythmias
• Chapter 143 Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
• Chapter 144 Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
• Chapter 145 Heart Failure
• Chapter 146 Rheumatic Fever
• Chapter 147 Cardiomyopathies
• Chapter 148 Pericarditis
• Section 20: Hematology
• Chapter 149. Hematology Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination and Common Manifestations
• Initial Diagnostic Evaluation
• Developmental Hematology
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 150. Anemia
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 151. Hemostatic Disorders
• Normal Hemostasis
• Developmental Hemostasis
• Hemostatic Disorders
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 152. Blood Component Therapy
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 149 Hematology Assessment
• Chapter 150 Anemia
• Chapter 151 Hemostatic Disorders
• Chapter 152 Blood Component Therapy
• Section 21: Oncology
• Chapter 153. Oncology Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination
• Common Manifestations
• Differential Diagnosis
• Initial Diagnostic Evaluation
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 154. Principles of Cancer Treatment
• Oncologic Emergencies
• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation Therapy
• Other Therapies
• Adverse Effects
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 155. Leukemia
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 156. Lymphoma
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory/Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 157. Central Nervous System Tumors
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory/Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 158. Neuroblastoma
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory/Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 159. Wilms Tumor
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory/Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Prognosis and Complications
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 160. Sarcomas
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory/Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 153 Oncology Assessment
• Chapter 154 Principles of Cancer Treatment
• Chapter 155 Leukemia
• Chapter 156 Lymphoma
• Chapter 157 Central Nervous System Tumors
• Chapter 158 Neuroblastoma
• Chapter 159 Wilms Tumor
• Chapter 160 Sarcomas
• Section 22: Nephrology and Urology
• Chapter 161. Nephrology and Urology Assessment
• Renal Physiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• History and Physical Examination
• Diagnostic Studies
• Imaging Studies
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 162. Nephrotic Syndrome and Proteinuria
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 163. Glomerulonephritis and Hematuria
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Treatment
• Prognosis and Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 164. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Treatment and Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 165. Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
• Acute Kidney Injury
• Chronic Kidney Disease
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 166. Hypertension
• Definition
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Treatment
• Prognosis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 167. Vesicoureteral Reflux
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Management
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 168. Congenital and Developmental Abnormalities of the Urinary Tract
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 169. Other Urinary Tract and Genital Disorders
• Urinary Stone Disease
• Voiding Dysfunction
• Disorders of the Penis
• Disorders of the Scrotum and its Contents
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 161 Nephrology and Urology Assessment
• Chapter 162 Nephrotic Syndrome and Proteinuria
• Chapter 163 Glomerulonephritis and Hematuria
• Chapter 164 Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
• Chapter 165 Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
• Chapter 166 Hypertension
• Chapter 167 Vesicoureteral Reflux
• Chapter 168 Congenital and Developmental Abnormalities of the Urinary Tract
• Chapter 169 Other Urinary Tract and Genital Disorders
• Section 23: Endocrinology
• Chapter 170. Endocrinology Assessment
• Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
• Disorders of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 171. Diabetes Mellitus
• Definition
• Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
• Diabetic Ketoacidosis
• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
• Maturity-Onset Diabetes of Youth (MODY)
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 172. Hypoglycemia
• Definition
• Clinical Manifestations
• Pathophysiology
• Energy Stores
• Idiopathic Ketotic Hypoglycemia
• Disrupted Metabolic Response Pathways
• Other Metabolic Disorders
• Medications and Intoxication
• Diagnosis
• Emergency Management
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 173. Short Stature
• Growth
• Abnormalities of Growth
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 174. Disorders of Puberty
• Physiology
• Delayed Puberty
• Sexual Precocity
• Variations in Pubertal Development
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 175. Thyroid Disease
• Thyroid Physiology and Development
• Thyroid Disorders
• Nodules/Tumors of the Thyroid
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 176. Disorders of Parathyroid Bone and Mineral Endocrinology
• Parathyroid Hormone and Vitamin D
• Hypocalcemia
• Rickets
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 177. Disorders of Sexual Development
• Normal Sexual Development
• Abnormal Sexual Development
• Approach to the Infant with Genital Ambiguity
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 178. Adrenal Gland Dysfunction
• Physiology
• Adrenal Insufficiency
• 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
• Other Enzyme Defects
• Addison Disease
• Cushing Syndrome
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 170 Endocrinology Assessment
• Chapter 171 Diabetes Mellitus
• Chapter 172 Hypoglycemia
• Chapter 173 Short Stature
• Chapter 174 Disorders of Puberty
• Chapter 175 Thyroid Disease
• Chapter 176 Disorders of Parathyroid Bone and Mineral Endocrinology
• Chapter 177 Disorders of Sexual Development
• Chapter 178 Adrenal Gland Dysfunction
• Section 24: Neurology
• Chapter 179. Neurology Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination
• Neurologic Examination of a Neonate
• Neurologic Examination of a Child
• Cranial Nerve Evaluation
• Motor Examination
• Sensory Examination
• Special Diagnostic Procedures
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 180. Headache and Migraine
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Diagnostic Studies
• Treatment
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 181. Seizures
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Focal Seizures
• Generalized Seizures
• Epilepsy Syndromes
• Status Epilepticus
• Laboratory and Diagnostic Evaluation
• Long-Term Therapy
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 182. Weakness and Hypotonia
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Disease of the Upper Motor Neuron
• Diseases of the Lower Motor Neuron
• Neonatal and Infantile Hypotonia
• Stroke in Childhood
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 183. Ataxia and Movement Disorders
• Ataxia
• Movement Disorders
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 184. Altered Mental Status
• Disorders of Consciousness
• Increased Intracranial Pressure
• Traumatic Brain Injury
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 185. Neurodegenerative Disorders
• Hereditary and Metabolic Degenerative Diseases
• Acquired Illnesses Mimicking Degenerative Diseases
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 186. Neurocutaneous Disorders
• Neurofibromatosis Type 1
• Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
• Sturge-Weber Syndrome
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 187. Congenital Malformations of the Central Nervous System
• Congenital Anomalies of the Spinal Cord
• Congenital Malformations of the Brain
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 179 Neurology Assessment
• Chapter 180 Headache and Migraine
• Chapter 181 Seizures
• Chapter 182 Weakness and Hypotonia
• Chapter 183 Ataxia and Movement Disorders
• Chapter 184 Altered Mental Status
• Chapter 185 Neurodegenerative Disorders
• Chapter 186 Neurocutaneous Disorders
• Chapter 187 Congenital Malformations of the Central Nervous System
• Section 25: Dermatology
• Chapter 188. Dermatology Assessment
• History
• Physical Examination
• Common Manifestations
• Initial Diagnostic Evaluation and Tests
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 189. Acne Vulgaris
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 190. Atopic Dermatitis
• Etiology
• Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 191. Contact Dermatitis
• Etiology and Epidemiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Complications
• Prevention
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 192. Seborrheic Dermatitis
• Etiology
• Clinical Manifestations
• Laboratory and Imaging Studies
• Differential Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Prognosis
• Prevention
• Other Papulosquamous Dermatoses
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 193. Pigmented Lesions
• Dermal Melanocytosis
• Café-Au-Lait Macules
• Congenital Melanocytic Nevi
• Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevi
• Acquired Melanocytic Nevi
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 194. Vascular Anomalies
• Vascular Tumors
• Vascular Malformations
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 195. Erythema Multiforme, Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruption, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
• Erythema Multiforme
• Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruption
• Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 196. Cutaneous Infestations
• Scabies
• Pediculoses
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 188 Dermatology Assessment
• Chapter 189 Acne Vulgaris
• Chapter 190 Atopic Dermatitis
• Chapter 191 Contact Dermatitis
• Chapter 192 Seborrheic Dermatitis
• Chapter 193 Pigmented Lesions
• Chapter 194 Vascular Anomalies
• Chapter 195 Erythema Multiforme, Reactive Infectious Mucocutaneous Eruption, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
• Chapter 196 Cutaneous Infestations
• Section 26: Orthopedics
• Chapter 197. Orthopedics Assessment
• Growth and Development
• Developmental Milestones
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 198. Fractures
• Pediatric Fracture Patterns
• Management of Pediatric Fractures
• Special Concerns
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 199. Hip
• Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
• Transient Monoarticular Synovitis
• Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
• Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 200. Lower Extremity and Knee
• Torsional Variations
• Angular Variations
• Leg-Length Discrepancy
• Knee
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 201. Foot
• Clubfoot (Talipes Equinovarus)
• Metatarsus Adductus
• Calcaneovalgus Foot
• Hypermobile Pes Planus (Flexible Flatfoot)
• Tarsal Coalition
• Cavovarus Foot
• Idiopathic Avascular Necrosis
• Sever Disease (Calcaneal Apophysitis)
• Toe Deformities
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 202. Spine
• Spinal Deformities
• Scoliosis
• Kyphosis
• Torticollis
• Back Pain in Children
• Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
• SpondylodisKitis
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 203. Upper Extremity
• Shoulder
• Elbow
• Wrist and Hand
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 204. Benign Bone Tumors and Cystic Lesions
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Suggested Readings
• Pearls for Practitioners
• Chapter 197 Orthopedics Assessment
• Chapter 198 Fractures
• Chapter 199 Hip
• Chapter 200 Lower Extremity and Knee
• Chapter 201 Foot
• Chapter 202 Spine
• Chapter 203 Upper Extremity
• Chapter 204 Benign Bone Tumors and Cystic Lesions
• Index