Efnisyfirlit

• Contents at a Glance
• Table of Contents
• Introduction
• About This Book
• Conventions Used in This Book
• What You’re Not to Read
• Foolish Assumptions
• How This Book Is Organized
• Icons Used in This Book
• Where to Go from Here
• Part I: Getting Up to Speed on Optics Fundamentals
• Chapter 1: Introducing Optics, the Science of Light
• Illuminating the Properties of Light
• Using Optics to Your Advantage: Basic Applications
• Expanding Your Understanding of Optics
• Paving the Way: Contributions to Optics
• Chapter 2: Brushing Up on Optics-Related Math and Physics
• Working with Physical Measurements
• Refreshing Your Mathematics Memory
• Reviewing Wave Physics
• Chapter 3: A Little Light Study: Reviewing Light Basics
• Developing Early Ideas about the Nature of Light
• Taking a Closer Look at Light Waves
• Einstein’s Revolutionary Idea about Light: Quanta
• Let There Be Light: Understanding the Three Processes that Produce Light
• Introducing the Three Fields of Study within Optics
• Chapter 4: Understanding How to Direct Where Light Goes
• Reflection: Bouncing Light Off Surfaces
• Refraction: Bending Light as It Goes Through a Surface
• Diffraction: Bending Light around an Obstacle
• Part II: Geometrical Optics: Working with More Than One Ray
• Chapter 5: Forming Images with Multiple Rays of Light
• The Simplest Method: Using Shadows to Create Images
• Forming Images Without a Lens: The Pinhole Camera Principle
• Eyeing Basic Image Characteristics for Optical System Design
• Zeroing In on the Focal Point and Focal Length
• Chapter 6: Imaging with Mirrors: Bouncing Many Rays Around
• Keeping it Simple with Flat Mirrors
• Changing Shape with Concave and Convex Mirrors
• Chapter 7: Imaging with Refraction: Bending Many Rays at the Same Time
• Locating the Image Produced by a Refracting Surface
• Looking at Lenses: Two Refracting Surfaces Stuck Close Together
• Part III: Physical Optics: Using the Light Wave
• Chapter 8: Optical Polarization: Describing the Wiggling Electric Field in Light
• Describing Optical Polarization
• Examining the Different Types of Polarization
• Producing Polarized Light
• Chapter 9: Changing Optical Polarization
• Discovering Devices that Can Change Optical Polarization
• Jones Vectors: Calculating the Change in Polarization
• Chapter 10: Calculating Reflected and Transmitted Light with Fresnel Equations
• Determining the Amount of Reflected and Transmitted Light
• Surveying Special Situations Involving Reflection and the Fresnel Equations
• Chapter 11: Running Optical Interference: Not Always a Bad Thing
• Describing Optical Interference
• Perusing Practical Interference Devices: Interferometers
• Accounting for Other Amplitude-Splitting Arrangements
• Chapter 12: Diffraction: Light’s Bending around Obstacles
• From Near and Far: Understanding Two Types of Diffraction
• Going the Distance: Special Cases of Fraunhofer Diffraction
• Getting Close: Special Cases of Fresnel Diffraction
• Part IV: Optical Instrumentation: Putting Light to Practical Use
• Chapter 13: Lens Systems: Looking at Things the Way You Want to See Them
• Your Most Important Optical System: The Human Eye
• Using Lens Systems to Correct Vision Problems
• Enhancing the Human Eye with Lens Systems
• Chapter 14: Exploring Light Sources: Getting Light Where You Want It
• Shedding Light on Common Household Bulbs
• Shining More-Efficient Light on the Subject: Light Emitting Diodes
• Zeroing in on Lasers
• Chapter 15: Guiding Light From Here to Anywhere
• Getting Light in the Guide and Keeping it There: Total Internal Reflection
• Categorizing Light Guide Types
• Putting Light Guides to Work: Common Applications
• Part V: Hybrids: Exploring More Complicated Optical Systems
• Chapter 16: Photography: Keeping an Image Forever
• Getting an Optical Snapshot of the Basic Camera
• Holography: Seeing Depth in a Flat Surface
• Graduating to 3-D Movies: Depth that Moves!
• Chapter 17: Medical Imaging: Seeing What’s Inside You (No Knives Necessary!)
• Shining Light into You and Seeing What Comes Out
• Reading the Light that Comes Out of You
• Chapter 18: Optics Everywhere: Exploring Other Medical, Industrial, and Military Uses
• Considering Typical Medical Procedures Involving Lasers
• Getting Industrial: Making and Checking Products Out with Optics
• Applying Optics in Military and Law Enforcement Endeavors
• Chapter 19: Astronomical Applications: Using Telescopes
• Understanding the Anatomy of a Telescope
• Revolutionizing Refracting Telescopes
• Reimagining Telescope Design: Reflecting Telescopes
• Hybrid Telescopes: Lenses and Mirrors Working Together
• Invisible Astronomy: Looking Beyond the Visible
• When One Telescope Just Won’t Do: The Interferometer
• Part VI: More Than Just Images: Getting into Advanced Optics
• Chapter 20: Index of Refraction, Part 2: You Can Change It!
• Electro-Optics: Manipulating the Index of Refraction with Electric Fields
• Acousto-Optics: Changing a Crystal’s Density with Sound
• Frequency Conversion: Affecting Light Frequency with Light
• Chapter 21: Quantum Optics: Finding the Photon
• Weaving Together Wave and Particle Properties
• Experimental Evidence: Observing the Dual Nature of Light and Matter
• Quantum Entanglement: Looking at Linked Photons
• Part VII: The Part of Tens
• Chapter 22: Ten Experiments You Can Do Without a $1-Million Optics Lab
• Chromatic Dispersion with Water Spray
• The Simple Magnifier
• Microscope with a Marble
• Focal Length of a Positive Lens with a Magnifying Glass
• Telescope with Magnifying Glasses
• Thin Film Interference by Blowing Bubbles
• Polarized Sunglasses and the Sky
• Mirages on a Clear Day
• Spherical Aberration with a Magnifying Glass
• Chromatic Aberration with a Magnifying Glass
• Chapter 23: Ten Major Optics Discoveries—and the People Who Made them Possible
• The Telescope (1610)
• Optical Physics (Late 1600s)
• Diffraction and the Wave Theory of Light (Late 1600s)
• Two-Slit Experiment (Early 1800s)
• Polarization (Early 1800s)
• Rayleigh Scattering (Late 1800s)
• Electromagnetics (1861)
• Electro-Optics (1875 and 1893)
• Photon Theory of Light (1905)
• The Maser (1953) and The Laser (1960)
• Index