Efnisyfirlit

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Acknowledgments
• Front Cover Photograph
• Holocene Rock Art from the Northwestern Flanks of the Ennedi Highlands, Eastern Sahara, Chad
• References
• Foreword
• Preface to the Third Edition
• Chapter 1. Paleoclimatic Reconstruction
• Abstract
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Sources of Paleoclimatic Information
• 1.3 Levels of Paleoclimatic Analysis
• 1.4 Modeling in Paleoclimatic Research
• References
• Chapter 2. Climate and Climatic Variation
• Abstract
• 2.1 The Nature of Climate and Climatic Variation
• 2.2 The Climate System
• 2.3 Feedback Mechanisms
• 2.4 Energy Balance of the Earth and Its Atmosphere
• 2.5 Timescales of Climatic Variation
• 2.6 Variations of the Earth’s Orbital Parameters
• 2.7 Solar Forcing
• 2.8 Volcanic Forcing
• References
• Chapter 3. Dating Methods I
• Abstract
• 3.1 Introduction and Overview
• 3.2 Radioisotopic Methods
• References
• Chapter 4. Dating Methods II
• Abstract
• 4.1 Paleomagnetism
• 4.2 Dating Methods Involving Chemical Changes
• 4.3 Tephrochronology
• 4.4 Biological Dating Methods
• References
• Chapter 5. Ice Cores
• Abstract
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Stable Isotope Analysis
• 5.3 Dating Ice Cores
• 5.4 Paleoclimatic Reconstruction from Ice Cores
• References
• Chapter 6. Marine Sediments
• Abstract
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Paleoclimatic Information from Biological Material in Ocean Cores
• 6.3 Oxygen Isotope Studies of Calcareous Marine Fauna
• 6.4 Paleotemperatures from Relative Abundance Studies
• 6.5 Paleotemperature Reconstruction from Sediment Geochemistry
• 6.6 Oceanographic Conditions at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)
• 6.7 Paleoclimatic Information from Inorganic Material in Marine Sediments
• 6.8 Thermohaline Circulation of the Oceans
• 6.9 Changes in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide: The Role of the Oceans
• 6.10 Abrupt Climate Changes
• References
• Chapter 7. Loess
• Abstract
• 7.1 Chronology of Loess-Paleosol Sequences
• 7.2 Paleoclimatic Significance of Loess-Paleosol Sequences
• References
• Chapter 8. Speleothems
• Abstract
• 8.1 Isotopic Variations in Speleothems
• 8.2 Tropical and Subtropical Paleoclimate Variability from Speleothems
• 8.3 Speleothems and Glacial Terminations
• 8.4 Millennial to Centennial Scale Changes
• 8.5 Late Glacial and Holocene Records
• 8.6 Stalagmite Records of the Last Two Millennia
• 8.7 Paleoclimatic Information from Periods of Speleothem Growth
• 8.8 Speleothems as Indicators of Sea-Level Variations
• References
• Chapter 9. Lake Sediments
• Abstract
• 9.1 Sedimentology and Inorganic Geochemistry
• 9.2 Varves
• 9.3 Pollen, Macrofossils, and Phytoliths
• 9.4 Ostracods
• 9.5 Diatoms
• 9.6 Stable Isotopes
• 9.7 Organic Biomarkers
• References
• Chapter 10. Nonmarine Geologic Evidence
• Abstract
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Periglacial Features
• 10.3 Snowlines and Glaciation Thresholds
• 10.4 Mountain Glacier Fluctuations
• 10.5 Lake-level Fluctuations
• References
• Chapter 11. Insects and Other Biological Evidence from Continental Regions
• Abstract
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Insects
• 11.3 Former Vegetation Distribution from Plant Macrofossils
• 11.4 Peat
• References
• Chapter 12. Pollen
• Abstract
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 The Basis of Pollen Analysis
• 12.3 Pollen Rain as a Representation of Vegetation Composition and Climate
• 12.4 Quantitative Paleoclimatic Reconstructions Based on Pollen Analysis
• 12.5 Paleoclimatic Reconstruction from Long Quaternary Pollen Records
• References
• Chapter 13. Tree Rings
• Abstract
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Fundamentals of Dendroclimatology
• 13.3 Dendroclimatic Reconstructions
• 13.4 Isotopic Dendroclimatology
• References
• Chapter 14. Corals
• Abstract
• 14.1 Coral Records of Past Climate
• 14.2 Paleoclimate from Coral Growth Rates
• 14.3 Luminescence in Corals
• 14.4 δ18O in Corals
• 14.5 δ13C in Corals
• 14.6 Δ14C in Corals
• 14.7 Trace Elements in Corals
• 14.8 Fossil Coral Records
• References
• Chapter 15. Historical Documents
• Abstract
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 Historical Records and Their Interpretation
• 15.3 Regional Studies Based on Historical Records
• 15.4 Records of Climate Forcing Factors
• 15.5 Climate Paradigms for the Last Millennium
• References
• Appendix A. Further Considerations on Radiocarbon Dating
• A.1 Calculation of Radiocarbon Age and Standardization Procedure
• A.2 Fractionation Effects
• References
• Appendix B. Internet Resources in Paleoclimatology
• References
• Index