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• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Contributors
• Dedication
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Part 1: General Classes and Properties of Dental Materials
• Chapter 1: Overview of Preventive and Restorative Materials
• General Categories of Biomaterials Properties
• Applications of Dental Materials
• What Are Dental Materials?
• Historical Use of Restorative Materials
• Standards for Dental Materials
• U.S. Food and Drug Administration Regulations for Medical Devices
• International Standards
• International Organization for Standardization Standards, Subcommittees, And Working Groups
• Other Dental Standards Organizations
• How Safe are Dental Restorative Materials?
• Why Do Dental Students, Dentists, and Dental Educators Need to Understand the Principles of Dental Materials Science?
• The Future Need for Dental Biomaterials
• Chapter 2: Structure of Matter and Principles of Adhesion
• Interatomic Bonds
• Atomic Arrangement
• Interatomic Bond Distance and Thermal Energy
• Diffusion
• Adhesion and Bonding
• Bonding to Tooth Structure
• Chapter 3: Physical and Chemical Properties of Solids
• Terminology
• Key Terms
• Rheology
• Structural Relaxation
• Color and Optical Effects
• Thermal Properties
• Electrochemical Properties
• Magnetic Materials
• Acknowledgement
• Chapter 4: Mechanical Properties of Dental Materials
• Key Terms
• What Are Mechanical Properties?
• Stresses and Strains
• Elastic Properties
• Strength Properties
• Weibull Statistics
• Other Important Properties
• Stress Concentration Effects
• Clenching and Mastication Forces
• Criteria for the Selection of Restorative Materials
• Chapter 5: Structure and Properties of Cast Dental Alloys
• History of Metal Development in Dentistry
• Metals and Alloys
• Metallic Bonding
• Classification of Alloys
• Effects of Alloy Elements on Properties of High Noble and Noble Metal Alloys
• Solidification and Microstructure of Cast Dental Alloys
• Solid Solutions
• Conditions for Solid Solubility
• Equilibrium-Phase Diagrams
• Eutectic Alloys
• Peritectic Alloys
• Solid-State Reactions in High Noble and Noble Alloy Systems
• Color of Cast Metal Alloys
• Chapter 6: Dental Polymers
• Key Terms
• History of Dental Polymeric Materials
• Dental Uses of Polymeric Materials and Resins
• Components and Composition
• Performance Criteria for Dental Resins
• Mechanical and Physical Properties of Polymers
• Chemistry of Polymerization
• Copolymerization
• Acrylic Dental Resins
• Chapter 7: Biocompatibility
• Historical Perspective
• Adverse Effects from Exposure to Dental Materials
• Adverse Effects Data from National Registries
• Allergic Reactions
• Occupational Hazards for Dental Personnel
• Hydrofluoric Acid
• Biocompatibility Tests
• Clinical Guidelines for Selecting Biocompatible Materials
• Acknowledgments
• Part 2: Auxiliary Dental Materials
• Chapter 8: Impression Materials
• Classification of Impression Materials
• Elastomeric Impression Materials
• Making Impresssions with Elastomeric Materials
• Properties of Elastomeric Impression Materials
• Hydrocolloids
• Inelastic Impression Materials
• Acknowledgments
• Chapter 9: Gypsum Products
• Production of Gypsum Products
• Setting of Gypsum Products
• Setting Expansion
• Strength of Set Gypsum Products
• Types of Gypsum Products
• Manipulation of Gypsum Products
• Chapter 10: Dental Waxes, Casting Investments, and Casting Procedures
• History of Dental Wax
• Types of Inlay Waxes
• Composition of Dental Waxes
• Desirable Properties of Wax
• Flow of Dental Wax
• Thermal Properties of Dental Waxes
• Manipulation of Inlay Wax
• Wax Distortion
• Specialty Waxes
• Gypsum-Bonded Investment
• Phosphate-Bonded Investment
• Ethyl Silicate–bonded Investment
• Clinical Evaluation of Casting Fit
• Compensation for Solidification Shrinkage
• Preparation of the Master Die
• Variables and Principles of Optimal Sprue Design
• Casting Ring Liner
• Investing Procedure
• Casting Procedure
• Technical Considerations for Phosphate-Bonded Investment
• Causes of Defective Castings
• Chapter 11: Materials and Processes for Cutting, Grinding, Finishing, and Polishing
• A Brief History of Abrasives
• Applications of Abrasives in Dentistry
• Benefits of Finishing and Polishing Restorative Materials
• Principles of Cutting, Grinding, Finishing, and Polishing
• Abrasion and Erosion
• Abrasive Instrument Design
• Types of Abrasives
• Finishing and Polishing Procedures
• Dentifrices
• Summary and Recommendations
• Acknowledgment
• Part 3: Direct Restorative Materials
• Chapter 12: Bonding and Bonding Agents
• Terminology
• Historical Background
• Applications for Bonding
• Mechanisms of Adhesion
• Smear Layer
• Acid-Etch Technique
• Process and Procedural Factors
• Dentin Bonding Agents
• Luting Agents and Resin Cements
• Orthodontic Bracket Bonding Resins
• Root Canal Sealers
• Glass Ionomer Restoratives
• Amalgam Bonding
• Pit and Fissure Sealants
• Acknowledgement
• Chapter 13: Resin-Based Composites
• Terminology
• History
• Applications
• Classification
• Composition and Function
• Properties of Resin-Based Composites
• Finishing of Composites
• Repair of Composites
• Acid Etching
• Use of Composites for Resin Veneers
• Selection Criteria for Posterior Composites
• Innovations in Dental Composites
• Acknowledgement
• Chapter 14: Dental Cements
• Cements for Luting
• Cements for Pulp Protection
• Cements for Restoratives
• Zinc Phosphate Cement
• Zinc Polycarboxylate Cement
• Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC)
• Metal-Reinforced Glass Ionomer Cements
• High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement
• Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (Hybrid Ionomer)
• Calcium Aluminate Glass Ionomer Cements
• Compomer
• Resin Cements
• Zinc Oxide−Eugenol Cement
• Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cements
• Root Canal Sealers
• Calcium Phosphate Cements
• Fluoride-Releasing Materials
• Solubility and Disintegration of Cements
• Summary
• Acknowledgment
• Chapter 15: Dental Amalgams
• Amalgam Alloys
• Amalgamation
• Clinical Manipulation of Amalgam for Restorations
• Properties of Amalgam
• Clinical Performance of Amalgam Restorations
• Safety of Amalgam Fillings
• Acknowledgements
• Part 4: Indirect Restorative Materials
• Chapter 16: Dental Casting Alloys and Metal Joining
• Historical Perspective on Dental Casting Alloys
• Classification of Dental Casting Alloys
• Desirable Properties of Dental Casting Alloys
• Functional Mechanical Properties of Casting Alloys
• Alloys for All-Metal Prostheses
• Alloys for Metal-Ceramic Prostheses
• Alloys for Removable Partial Dentures
• Alternative Technologies for Fabricating Prostheses
• Biological Hazards of Base Metal Alloys
• Joining of Dental Alloys
• Acknowledgements
• Chapter 17: Wrought Metals
• Deformation of Metals
• Effects of Annealing Wrought Metal
• Stainless Steel Alloys
• Cobalt-Chromium-Nickel Alloys
• Nickel-Titanium Alloys
• Beta-Titanium Alloys
• Additional Wrought Alloys
• Direct Filling Gold
• Acknowledgment
• Chapter 18: Dental Ceramics
• What Are Ceramics?
• Applications of Ceramics in Dentistry
• History of Dental Ceramics
• Classification of Dental Ceramics
• Metal-Ceramic Systems: Composition and Properties
• Fabrication of Metal-Ceramic Prostheses
• Cast Metal for Metal-Ceramic Prostheses
• Technical Aspects of Metal-Ceramic Products
• Methods for Strengthening Ceramics
• All-Ceramic Systems
• CAD-CAM Processing of Ceramics
• Abrasiveness of Dental Ceramics
• Clinical Performance of All-Ceramic Restorations
• Chemical Attack of Glass-Phase Ceramics by Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride
• Porcelain Denture Teeth
• Factors Affecting the Color Appearance of Ceramics
• Ceramic Veneers, Inlays, and Onlays
• Critical Observation and Analysis of Fractures
• Principles Governing the Selection of Dental Ceramics
• Ident-Ceram System for Identification of Ceramic Products
• Chapter 19: Prosthetic Polymers and Resins
• Dentures and Denture Base Resins
• Fabrication of Dentures
• Acrylic Resins
• Heat-Activated Denture Base Resins
• Compression Molding Technique
• Chemically Activated Denture Base Resins
• Light-Activated Denture Base Resins
• Physical Properties of Denture Base Resins
• Miscellaneous Resins and Techniques
• Resin Teeth for Prosthetic Applications
• Materials for Maxillofacial Prosthetics
• Chapter 20: Dental Implants
• History of Dental Implants
• Classification of Implants
• Implant Components
• Evaluation of Clinical Success
• Implant Biomaterials
• Selecting an Implant Biomaterial
• Biocompatibility of Implants
• Biomechanics
• Summary
• Chapter 21: Emerging Technologies
• Biomaterials
• Biological Materials
• Instruments and Processes
• Environmental Considerations
• Summary
• Acknowledgement
• Index