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• Title page
• Copyright page
• Acknowledgements
• Part I: Introductory Frameworks
• 1 Introduction
• The End of Old Certainties and Paradigms in Political Communication
• The Fourth Age of Political Communication and Democratic Crisis
• Defining Political Communication and Defining My Approach
• Outline of the Book
• 2 Evaluating Democratic Politics and Communication
• Public Communication Ideals and Representative Democracy
• Jürgen Habermas and the Public Sphere
• Comparing Politics and Communication in Actually Existing Democracies
• Conclusion
• 3 Political Communication and Crisis in Established Democracies
• Crisis Talk: Substantial or Superficial?
• Tipping Points for Democracy Reached
• The Great Disrupters
• Conclusion
• Part II: Institutional Politics and Mass Media
• 4 Political Parties and Elections
• From Traditional Political to Electoral-Professional Parties
• Evaluating the Implications for Citizen–Party Relations
• The Dramatic New Threat to Established Party Politics
• The End of Parties or Just the End of the Electoral Professional Party?
• Conclusion
• 5 Political Reporting and the Future of (Fake) News
• Liberal Pluralist and Critical Political Economy Analyses of News
• The Organization of News as a Business
• The Breakdown of the News Business Model and the Future of (Fake) News?
• Conclusion
• 6 Media–Source Relations, Mediatization and Populist Politics
• Media–Source Relations
• Media Logic, Mediation and Mediatization
• Populist Media Meets Populist Politics
• Conclusion
• Part III: Interest Groups and Citizens
• 7 Citizens, Media Effects and Public Participation
• Citizenship, Rationality and the Crisis of Formal Participation
• Alternative Forms of Participation
• Media Effects and Influences: From Strong to Limited to Strong Again
• Media Effects: Difficult Questions and a New Fourth Phase?
• Conclusion
• 8 Organized Interests, Power and the Policy Process
• Political Communication in Civil Society
• Organized Interests in Politics and Policy-Making: The Equality Agenda
• Organized Interests and Media: The Environmental Agenda
• Organized Interests After 2011: The Growing Gap Between Public and Private
• Conclusion
• Part IV: Challenges and Disruptions to Democracy
• 9 Economics, the Economy and Media
• Economics as Science
• Economics as Politics
• Economics in Media and Political Discourse
• Conclusion
• 10 Digital Media and Online Political Communication
• A Brave New World of Digital Democracy?
• Normalization, Digital Disillusion and Techno-Pessimism
• Digital Democracy Now: Fragmented, Anarchic and Polarized Public Spheres?
• Conclusion
• 11 Globalization, the State and International Political Communication
• Globalization and the Disruption of Nation-state Democracy?
• International Political Communication
• Back to the Future: Globalization and International Political Communication Now
• Conclusion
• 12 Conclusions: Post-Truth, Post-Public Sphere and Post-Democracy
• The Crisis of Twenty-First-Century Democracy
• The Fourth Age of Political Communication
• Seeking Options for Democratic Renewal?
• References
• Index
• End User License Agreement