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• Inside Front Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Brief Contents
• Contents
• Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Programming
• 1.1 COMPUTER SYSTEMS
• Hardware
• Software
• High-Level Languages
• Compilers
• History Note
• 1.2 PROGRAMMING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING
• Algorithms
• Program Design
• Object-Oriented Programming
• The Software Life Cycle
• 1.3 INTRODUCTION TO C++
• Origins of the C++ Language
• A Sample C++ Program
• Pitfall: Using the Wrong Slash in n
• Programming Tip: Input and Output Syntax
• Layout of a Simple C++ Program
• Pitfall: Putting a Space Before the include File Name
• Compiling and Running a C++ Program
• Pitfall: Compiling a C++11 Program
• Programming Tip: Getting Your Program to Run
• 1.4 TESTING AND DEBUGGING
• Kinds of Program Errors
• Pitfall: Assuming Your Program Is Correct
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 2 C++ Basics
• 2.1 VARIABLES AND ASSIGNMENTS
• Variables
• Names: Identifiers
• Variable Declarations
• Assignment Statements
• Pitfall: Uninitialized Variables
• Programming Tip: Use Meaningful Names
• 2.2 INPUT AND OUTPUT
• Output Using cout
• Include Directives and Namespaces
• Escape Sequences
• Programming Tip: End Each Program with a n or end1
• Formatting for Numbers with a Decimal Point
• Input Using cin
• Designing Input and Output
• Programming Tip: Line Breaks in I/O
• 2.3 DATA TYPES AND EXPRESSIONS
• The Types int and double
• Other Number Types
• C++11 Types
• The Type char
• The Type bool
• Introduction to the Class string
• Type Compatibilities
• Arithmetic Operators and Expressions
• Pitfall: Whole Numbers in Division
• More Assignment Statements
• 2.4 SIMPLE FLOW OF CONTROL
• A Simple Branching Mechanism
• Pitfall: Strings of Inequalities
• Pitfall: Using = in place of ==
• Compound Statements
• Simple Loop Mechanisms
• Increment and Decrement Operators
• Programming Example: Charge Card Balance
• Pitfall: Infinite Loops
• 2.5 PROGRAM STYLE
• Indenting
• Comments
• Naming Constants
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 3 More Flow of Control
• 3.1 USING BOOLEAN EXPRESSIONS
• Evaluating Boolean Expressions
• Pitfall: Boolean Expressions Convert to int Values
• Enumeration Types (Optional)
• 3.2 MULTIWAY BRANCHES
• Nested Statements
• Programming Tip: Use Braces in Nested Statements
• Multiway if-else Statements
• Programming Example: State Income Tax
• The switch Statement
• Pitfall: Forgetting a break in a switch Statement
• Using switch Statements for Menus
• Blocks
• Pitfall: Inadvertent Local Variables
• 3.3 MORE ABOUT C++ LOOP STATEMENTS
• The while Statements Reviewed
• Increment and Decrement Operators Revisited
• The for Statement
• Pitfall: Extra Semicolon in a for Statement
• What Kind of Loop to Use
• Pitfall: Uninitialized Variables and Infinite Loops
• The break Statement
• Pitfall: The break Statement in Nested Loops
• 3.4 DESIGNING LOOPS
• Loops for Sums and Products
• Ending a Loop
• Nested Loops
• Debugging Loops
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 4 Procedural Abstraction and Functions That Return a Value
• 4.1 TOP-DOWN DESIGN
• 4.2 PREDEFINED FUNCTIONS
• Using Predefined Functions
• Random Number Generation
• Type Casting
• Older Form of Type Casting
• Pitfall: Integer Division Drops the Fractional Part
• 4.3 PROGRAMMER-DEFINED FUNCTIONS
• Function Definitions
• Functions That Return a Boolean Value
• Alternate Form for Function Declarations
• Pitfall: Arguments in the Wrong Order
• Function Definition–Syntax Summary
• More About Placement of Function Definitions
• Programming Tip: Use Function Calls in Branching Statements
• 4.4 PROCEDURAL ABSTRACTION
• The Black-Box Analogy
• Programming Tip: Choosing Formal Parameter Names
• Programming Tip: Nested Loops
• Case Study: Buying Pizza
• Programming Tip: Use Pseudocode
• 4.5 SCOPE AND LOCAL VARIABLES
• The Small Program Analogy
• Programming Example: Experimental Pea Patch
• Global Constants and Global Variables
• Call-by-Value Formal Parameters Are Local Variables
• Block Scope
• Namespaces Revisited
• Programming Example: The Factorial Function
• 4.6 OVERLOADING FUNCTION NAMES
• Introduction to Overloading
• Programming Example: Revised Pizza-Buying Program
• Automatic Type Conversion
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 5 Functions for All Subtasks
• 5.1 VOID FUNCTIONS
• Definitions of void Functions
• Programming Example: Converting Temperatures
• return Statements in void Functions
• 5.2 CALL-BY-REFERENCE PARAMETERS
• A First View of Call-by-Reference
• Call-by-Reference in Detail
• Programming Example: The swapValues Function
• Mixed Parameter Lists
• Programming Tip: What Kind of Parameter to Use
• Pitfall: Inadvertent Local Variables
• 5.3 USING PROCEDURAL ABSTRACTION
• Functions Calling Functions
• Preconditions and Postconditions
• Case Study: Supermarket Pricing
• 5.4 TESTING AND DEBUGGING FUNCTIONS
• Stubs and Drivers
• 5.5 GENERAL DEBUGGING TECHNIQUES
• Keep an Open Mind
• Check Common Errors
• Localize the Error
• The assert Macro
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 6 I/O Streams as an Introduction to Objects and Classes
• 6.1 STREAMS AND BASIC FILE I/O
• Why Use Files for I/O?
• File I/O
• Introduction to Classes and Objects
• Programming Tip: Check Whether a File Was Opened Successfully
• Techniques for File I/O
• Appending to a File (Optional)
• File Names as Input (Optional)
• 6.2 TOOLS FOR STREAM I/O
• Formatting Output with Stream Functions
• Manipulators
• Streams as Arguments to Functions
• Programming Tip: Checking for the End of a File
• A Note on Namespaces
• Programming Example: Cleaning Up a File Format
• 6.3 CHARACTER I/O
• The Member Functions get and put
• The putback Member Function (Optional)
• Programming Example: Checking Input
• Pitfall: Unexpected ‘n’ in Input
• Programming Example: Another newLine Function
• Default Arguments for Functions (Optional)
• The eof Member Function
• Programming Example: Editing a Text File
• Predefined Character Functions
• Pitfall: toupper and tolower Return Values
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 7 Arrays
• 7.1 INTRODUCTION TO ARRAYS
• Declaring and Referencing Arrays
• Programming Tip: Use for Loops with Arrays
• Pitfall: Array Indexes Always Start with Zero
• Programming Tip: Use a Defined Constant for the Size of an Array
• Arrays in Memory
• Pitfall: Array Index Out of Range
• Initializing Arrays
• Programming Tip: C++11 Range-Based for Statement
• 7.2 ARRAYS IN FUNCTIONS
• Indexed Variables as Function Arguments
• Entire Arrays as Function Arguments
• The const Parameter Modifier
• Pitfall: Inconsistent Use of const Parameters
• Functions That Return an Array
• Case Study: Production Graph
• 7.3 PROGRAMMING WITH ARRAYS
• Partially Filled Arrays
• Programming Tip: Do Not Skimp on Formal Parameters
• Programming Example: Searching an Array
• Programming Example: Sorting an Array
• Programming Example: Bubble Sort
• 7.4 MULTIDIMENSIONAL ARRAYS
• Multidimensional Array Basics
• Multidimensional Array Parameters
• Programming Example: Two-Dimensional Grading Program
• Pitfall: Using Commas Between Array Indexes
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 8 Strings and Vectors
• 8.1 AN ARRAY TYPE FOR STRINGS
• C-String Values and C-String Variables
• Pitfall: Using = and == with C Strings
• Other Functions in
• Pitfall: Copying past the end of a C-string using strcpy
• C-String Input and Output
• C-String-to-Number Conversions and Robust Input
• 8.2 THE STANDARD STRING CLASS
• Introduction to the Standard Class string
• I/O with the Class string
• Programming Tip: More Versions of getline
• Pitfall: Mixing cin >> variable; and getline
• String Processing with the Class string
• Programming Example: Palindrome Testing
• Converting between string Objects and C Strings
• Converting Between Strings and Numbers
• 8.3 VECTORS
• Vector Basics
• Pitfall: Using Square Brackets Beyond the Vector Size
• Programming Tip: Vector Assignment Is Well Behaved
• Efficiency Issues
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 9 Pointers and Dynamic Arrays
• 9.1 POINTERS
• Pointer Variables
• Basic Memory Management
• Pitfall: Dangling Pointers
• Static Variables and Automatic Variables
• Programming Tip: Define Pointer Types
• 9.2 DYNAMIC ARRAYS
• Array Variables and Pointer Variables
• Creating and Using Dynamic Arrays
• Pointer Arithmetic (Optional)
• Multidimensional Dynamic Arrays (Optional)
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 10 Defining Classes
• 10.1 STRUCTURES
• Structures for Diverse Data
• Pitfall: Forgetting a Semicolon in a Structure Definition
• Structures as Function Arguments
• Programming Tip: Use Hierarchical Structures
• Initializing Structures
• 10.2 CLASSES
• Defining Classes and Member Functions
• Public and Private Members
• Programming Tip: Make All Member Variables Private
• Programming Tip: Define Accessor and Mutator Functions
• Programming Tip: Use the Assignment Operator with Objects
• Programming Example: BankAccount Class—Version 1
• Summary of Some Properties of Classes
• Constructors for Initialization
• Programming Tip: Always Include a Default Constructor
• Pitfall: Constructors with No Arguments
• Member Initializers and Constructor Delegation in C++11
• 10.3 ABSTRACT DATA TYPES
• Classes to Produce Abstract Data Types
• Programming Example: Alternative Implementation of a Class
• 10.4 INTRODUCTION TO INHERITANCE
• Derived Classes
• Defining Derived Classes
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 11 Friends, Overloaded Operators, and Arrays in Classes
• 11.1 FRIEND FUNCTIONS
• Programming Example: An Equality Function
• Friend Functions
• Programming Tip: Define Both Accessor Functions and Friend Functions
• Programming Tip: Use Both Member and Nonmember Functions
• Programming Example: Money Class (Version 1)
• Implementation of digitToInt (Optional)
• Pitfall: Leading Zeros in Number Constants
• The const Parameter Modifier
• Pitfall: Inconsistent Use of const
• 11.2 OVERLOADING OPERATORS
• Overloading Operators
• Constructors for Automatic Type Conversion
• Overloading Unary Operators
• Overloading >> and <<
• 11.3 ARRAYS AND CLASSES
• Arrays of Classes
• Arrays as Class Members
• Programming Example: A Class for a Partially Filled Array
• 11.4 CLASSES AND DYNAMIC ARRAYS
• Programming Example: A String Variable Class
• Destructors
• Pitfall: Pointers as Call-by-Value Parameters
• Copy Constructors
• Overloading the Assignment Operator
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 12 Separate Compilation and Namespaces
• 12.1 SEPARATE COMPILATION
• ADTs Reviewed
• Case Study: DigitalTime—A Class Compiled Separately
• Using #ifndef
• Programming Tip: Defining Other Libraries
• 12.2 NAMESPACES
• Namespaces and using Directives
• Creating a Namespace
• Qualifying Names
• A Subtle Point About Namespaces (Optional)
• Unnamed Namespaces
• Programming Tip: Choosing a Name for a Namespace
• Pitfall: Confusing the Global Namespace and the Unnamed Namespace
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 13 Pointers and Linked Lists
• 13.1 NODES AND LINKED LISTS
• Nodes
• nullptr
• Linked Lists
• Inserting a Node at the Head of a List
• Pitfall: Losing Nodes
• Searching a Linked List
• Pointers as Iterators
• Inserting and Removing Nodes Inside a List
• Pitfall: Using the Assignment Operator with Dynamic Data Structures
• Variations on Linked Lists
• Linked Lists of Classes
• 13.2 STACKS AND QUEUES
• Stacks
• Programming Examples: A Stack Class
• Queues
• Programming Examples: A Queue Class
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 14 Recursion
• 14.1 RECURSIVE FUNCTIONS FOR TASKS
• Case Study: Vertical Numbers
• A Closer Look at Recursion
• Pitfall: Infinite Recursion
• Stacks for Recursion
• Pitfall: Stack Overflow
• Recursion Versus Iteration
• 14.2 RECURSIVE FUNCTIONS FOR VALUES
• General Form for a Recursive Function That Returns a Value
• Programming Example: Another Powers Function
• 14.3 THINKING RECURSIVELY
• Recursive Design Techniques
• Case Study: Binary Search—An Example of Recursive Thinking
• Programming Example: A Recursive Member Function
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 15 Inheritance
• 15.1 INHERITANCE BASICS
• Derived Classes
• Constructors in Derived Classes
• Pitfall: Use of Private Member Variables from the Base Class
• Pitfall: Private Member Functions Are Effectively Not Inherited
• The protected Qualifier
• Redefinition of Member Functions
• Redefining Versus Overloading
• Access to a Redefined Base Function
• 15.2 INHERITANCE DETAILS
• Functions That Are Not Inherited
• Assignment Operators and Copy Constructors in Derived Classes
• Destructors in Derived Classes
• 15.3 POLYMORPHISM
• Late Binding
• Virtual Functions in C++
• Virtual Functions and Extended Type Compatibility
• Pitfall: The Slicing Problem
• Pitfall: Not Using Virtual Member Functions
• Pitfall: Attempting to Compile Class Definitions Without Definitions for Every Virtual Member Functi
• Programming Tip: Make Destructors Virtual
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 16 Exception Handling
• 16.1 EXCEPTION-HANDLING BASICS
• A Toy Example of Exception Handling
• Defining Your Own Exception Classes
• Multiple Throws and Catches
• Pitfall: Catch the More Specific Exception First
• Programming Tip: Exception Classes Can Be Trivial
• Throwing an Exception in a Function
• Exception Specification
• Pitfall: Exception Specification in Derived Classes
• 16.2 PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES FOR EXCEPTION HANDLING
• When to Throw an Exception
• Pitfall: Uncaught Exceptions
• Pitfall: Nested try-catch Blocks
• Pitfall: Overuse of Exceptions
• Exception Class Hierarchies
• Testing for Available Memory
• Rethrowing an Exception
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 17 Templates
• 17.1 TEMPLATES FOR ALGORITHM ABSTRACTION
• Templates for Functions
• Pitfall: Compiler Complications
• Programming Example: A Generic Sorting Function
• Programming Tip: How to Define Templates
• Pitfall: Using a Template with an Inappropriate Type
• 17.2 TEMPLATES FOR DATA ABSTRACTION
• Syntax for Class Templates
• Programming Example: An Array Class
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• Chapter 18 Standard Template Library and C++11
• 18.1 ITERATORS
• using Declarations
• Iterator Basics
• Programming Tip: Use auto to Simplify Variable Declarations
• Pitfall: Compiler Problems
• Kinds of Iterators
• Constant and Mutable Iterators
• Reverse Iterators
• Other Kinds of Iterators
• 18.2 CONTAINERS
• Sequential Containers
• Pitfall: Iterators and Removing Elements
• Programming Tip: Type Definitions in Containers
• Container Adapters stack and queue
• Associative Containers set and map
• Programming Tip: Use Initialization, Ranged for, and auto with Containers
• Efficiency
• 18.3 GENERIC ALGORITHMS
• Running Times and Big-O Notation
• Container Access Running Times
• Nonmodifying Sequence Algorithms
• Container Modifying Algorithms
• Set Algorithms
• Sorting Algorithms
• 18.4 C++ IS EVOLVING
• std::array
• Regular Expressions
• Threads
• Smart Pointers
• Chapter Summary
• Answers to Self-Test Exercises
• Practice Programs
• Programming Projects
• APPENDICES
• 1 C++ Keywords
• 2 Precedence of Operators
• 3 The ASCII Character Set
• 4 Some Library Functions
• 5 Inline Functions
• 6 Overloading the Array Index Square Brackets
• 7 The this Pointer
• 8 Overloading Operators as Member Operators
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