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• Title Page
• Copyright
• List of Contributors
• Preface
• 1 The Science of Psychology
• What Is Psychology?
• Psychology’s Roots: The Path to a Science of Mind and Behaviour
• Levels of Analysis: Types of Psychology and Their Contribution to Understanding
• Issues and Debates in Psychology
• Bias in Psychological Research
• Psychology at the Cultural Level
• Psychology Today
• Psychology in Action: Applying Psychological Science
• Future Developments
• Chapter Summary
• 2 Research Methods in Psychology
• The Scientific Method
• The Dissemination of Scientific Ideas
• Quantitative Research Methods
• Analysing and Interpreting Quantitative Data
• Qualitative Research Methods
• Good and Bad Practice in Psychological Research
• Future Developments
• Chapter Summary
• 3 Evolutionary and Genetic Foundations of Psychology
• Introduction
• What Makes You Unique? The Origins of Variation
• Passing It On: The Mechanisms of Heredity
• Staying Alive: The Operation of Natural Selection
• Staying Alive: Selection of Behaviours and Adaptation
• The Value of Evolution for Psychology
• Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 4 Neuroscience, the Brain, and Behaviour
• Introduction
• Neurons and Synaptic Transmission
• An Overview of Brain Structures and Their Functions
• Animal Neuroscience Methods
• Human Neuroscience Methods
• Hemispheric Lateralization
• Plasticity and the Brain
• Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 5 Motivation
• Theories of Motivation
• The Biological Bases of Primary Motivations: Hunger and Drinking
• The Biological Bases of Primary Motivations: Sex and Aggression
• Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Motivation
• Affiliation and Achievement Motivation
• Applications of Theories of Motivation
• Chapter Summary
• 6 Consciousness: Conscious Versus Unconscious Processes
• Introduction
• Theories of Consciousness: Higher-Order Versus Integration Theories
• Conscious Versus Unconscious Memory
• Conscious Versus Unconscious Perception
• Conscious Versus Unconscious Learning
• Conscious Versus Unconscious Intentions: Volition and Hypnotic Response
• Conscious Versus Unconscious Attitudes and Emotions
• Functions of Consciousness and Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 7 Sensation and Perception
• Introduction
• The Neuroscience of Sensation and Perception
• Sensory Qualia and Modality
• Audition
• Vision: Physiology
• Vision: Perceiving Object Properties
• Multimodal Perception
• Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 8 Learning
• Introduction: What Is Learning and Why Does It Happen?
• Types of Learning
• Human Causal Learning
• The Theoretical Basis of Learning
• The Adaptive Brain: Learning Through Connections
• Practical and Clinical Applications of Learning
• Conclusions and Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 9 Memory
• What Is Memory?
• Memory for Beginners: The Cognitive Psychology of Remembering
• Thinking About Memory: Models and Frameworks
• Three Dichotomies in Human Memory
• Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 10 Emotion
• Introduction
• Emotion Differentiation
• Physiological Activity
• Facial Expression
• Appraisal
• What’s Different About Different Emotions?
• Conclusions and Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 11 Cognitive Development
• Introduction
• Theories of Development: How Nature and Nurture Interact
• Research Methods in Developmental Psychology
• Development of the Brain and Nervous System
• Multisensory Perceptual Development
• Sensorimotor Development
• Cognitive Development
• Chapter Summary
• 12 Language and Thought
• Introduction
• Language
• Thinking
• Language and Thought
• Chapter Summary
• 13 Intelligence
• Introduction and Defining Intelligence
• History of Intelligence
• Modern Intelligence Tests
• Factors of Intelligence
• Intelligence Development
• Causes of Individual Differences in Intelligence
• Alternative Models of Intelligence
• Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 14 Personality
• Introduction to Personality
• Psychodynamic Personality Theory
• Trait Personality Theory
• Humanistic Personality Theory
• Social Cognitive Personality Theories
• Conclusions and Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 15 Mental Health and Psychopathology
• Introduction to Psychopathology
• A Brief History of Psychopathology
• Defining Psychopathology
• Explanatory Approaches to Psychopathology
• Classifying Mental Health Problems
• Mental Health and Stigma
• Psychological Disorders
• Conclusions and Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 16 The Treatment of Mental Health Problems
• Introduction
• Psychological Treatments for Mental Health Problems
• Ways of Delivering Psychological Therapy
• Social and Environmental Approaches to Treatment
• Biological Approaches to Treatment
• Evaluating Treatments for Mental Health Problems
• Conclusions and Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 17 Social Development
• Introduction
• Early Emotional Development and Temperament
• Caregiver–Child Interactions and the Development of Attachment
• Social Understanding and Self-Regulation
• Socio-Moral Development
• Who Am I? The Development of Self and Identity
• Developing in a Social Context: Family, Peers, and Media
• Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 18 Social Cognition and Attitudes
• Social Thinking
• Self and Identity
• Person Perception 1: Social Inference and Attribution
• Person Perception 2: Social Cognition and Social Knowledge
• Stereotyping
• Attitudes and Attitude Change
• Automatic Processes in Social Cognition
• Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• 19 Interpersonal, Group, and Intergroup Processes
• Introduction
• Interpersonal Processes
• Group Processes
• Intergroup Processes
• Future Directions
• Chapter Summary
• Index
• End User License Agreement