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• Cover image
• Title page
• Disclaimer
• Table of Contents
• Review of Basic Physics
• Useful Units in Radiology
• Copyright
• Dedication
• This Book Is Also Dedicated to My Friends Here and Gone
• Dedication for Kraig Emmert
• Preface
• PART I. RADIOLOGIC PHYSICS
• Introduction
• Chapter 1. Essential Concepts of Radiologic Science
• Nature of our Surroundings
• Matter and Energy
• Sources of Ionizing Radiation
• Discovery of X-Rays
• Development of Medical Imaging
• Reports of Radiation Injury
• Basic Radiation Protection
• Terminology for Radiologic Science
• The Medical Imaging Team
• Summary
• Chapter 2. Basic Physics Primer
• Mathematics for Radiologic Science
• Standard Units of Measurement
• Mechanics
• Summary
• Chapter 3. The Structure of Matter
• Centuries of Discovery
• Fundamental Particles
• Atomic Structure
• Atomic Nomenclature
• Combinations of Atoms
• Radioactivity
• Types of Ionizing Radiation
• Summary
• Chapter 4. Electromagnetic Energy
• Photons
• Electromagnetic Spectrum
• Waves and Particles
• Matter and Energy
• Summary
• Chapter 5. Electricity, Magnetism, and Electromagnetism
• Electrostatics
• Electrodynamics
• Magnetism
• Electromagnetism
• Summary
• PART II. X-RADIATION
• Introduction
• Chapter 6. The X-Ray Imaging System
• Operating Console
• Autotransformer
• Exposure Timers
• High-Voltage Generator
• Summary
• Chapter 7. The X-Ray Tube
• External Components
• Internal Components
• X-Ray Tube Failure
• Rating Charts
• Summary
• Chapter 8. X-Ray Production
• Electron-Target Interctions
• X-Ray Emission Spectrum
• Factors Affecting the X-Ray Emission Spectrum
• Summary
• Chapter 9. X-Ray Emission
• X-RAY Intensity
• X-Ray Energy
• Types of Filtration
• Summary
• Chapter 10. X-Ray Interaction With Matter
• Five X-RAY Interactions
• Differential Absorption
• Contrast Examinations
• Exponential Attenuation
• Summary
• PART III. THE MEDICAL IMAGE
• Introduction
• Chapter 11. Imaging Science
• History of Computers
• Computer Architecture
• Applications to Medical Imaging
• Summary
• Chapter 12. Computed Radiography
• The Computed Radiography Image Receptor
• The Computed Radiography Reader
• Imaging Characteristics
• Patient Radiation Dose
• Summary
• Chapter 13. Digital Radiography
• Scanned Projection Radiography
• Charge-Coupled Device
• Cesium Iodide/Charge-Coupled Device
• Cesium Iodide/Amorphous Silicon
• Amorphous Selenium
• Summary
• Chapter 14. Digital Radiographic Technique
• Spatial Resolution
• Contrast Resolution
• Patient Radiation Dose Considerations
• Summary
• Chapter 15. Image Acquisition
• Exposure Factors
• Imaging System Characteristics
• Automatic Exposure Techniques
• Magnification Radiography
• Summary
• Chapter 16. Patient-Image Optimization
• Patient Factors
• Image-Quality Factors
• PART IV. MEDICAL IMAGE DISPLAY
• Introduction
• Chapter 17. Viewing the Medical Image
• Photometric Quantities
• Hard Copy–Soft Copy
• Liquid Crystal Display
• Light-Emitting Diode Display
• Preprocessing the Digital Medical Image
• Postprocessing the Digital Medical Image
• Summary
• Chapter 18. Picture Archiving and Communication System
• Electronic Programs
• PART V. MEDICAL IMAGE QUALITY
• Introduction
• Chapter 19. Image Perception
• Special Demands of Digital Imaging
• Interpretation
• Summary
• Chapter 20. Digital Display Device
• Performance Assessment Standards
• Luminance Meter
• Digital Display Device Quality Control
• Quality Control by the Radiologic Technologist
• Summary
• Chapter 21. Medical Image Descriptors
• Definitions
• Geometric Factors
• Subject Factors
• Tools for Improved Image Quality
• Summary
• Chapter 22. Scatter Radiation
• Production of Scatter Radiation
• Control of Scatter Radiation
• Radiographic Grids
• Grid Types
• Grid Problems
• Grid Selection
• Summary
• Chapter 23. Radiographic Artifacts
• Image Receptor Artifacts
• Software Artifacts
• Object Artifacts
• PART VI. ADVANCED MEDICAL IMAGING
• Introduction
• Chapter 24. Mammography
• Soft Tissue Radiography
• Basis for Mammography
• The Mammographic Imaging System
• Mammography Quality Control
• Quality Control Team
• Summary
• Chapter 25. Fluoroscopy
• An Overview
• Special Demands of Fluoroscopy
• Fluoroscopic Technique
• Image Intensification
• Fluoroscopic Image Monitoring
• Fluoroscopy Quality Control
• Summary
• Chapter 26. Interventional Radiology
• Digital Fluoroscopic Imaging Systems
• Image Receptor
• Image Display
• Types of Interventional Procedures
• Basic Principles
• Interventional Radiology Suite
• Summary
• Chapter 27. Computed Tomography
• Principles of Operation
• Generations of Computed Tomography
• Multislice Helical Computed Tomography
• Imaging System Design
• Image Characteristics
• Image Quality
• Imaging Technique
• Computed Tomography Quality Control
• Summary
• Chapter 28. Tomosynthesis
• Digital Radiographic Tomosynthesis
• X-Ray Source
• Image Receptor
• Image Reconstruction
• Artifacts
• Quality Control
• Patient Radiation Dose
• Summary
• PART VII. RADIOBIOLOGY
• Introduction
• Chapter 29. Human Biology
• Human Radiation Response
• Composition of the Human Body
• The Human Cell
• Tissues and Organs
• Summary
• Chapter 30. Fundamental Principles of Radiobiology
• Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau
• Physical Factors that Affect Radiosensitivity
• Biologic Factors that Affect Radiosensitivity
• Radiation Dose-Response Relationships
• Summary
• Chapter 31. Molecular Radiobiology
• Irradiation of Macromolecules
• Radiolysis of Water
• Direct and Indirect Effects
• Chapter 32. Cellular Radiobiology
• Target Theory
• Cell-Survival Kinetics
• Cell-Cycle Effects
• Radiation Effect Modification
• Summary
• Chapter 33. Deterministic Effects of Radiation
• Acute Radiation Lethality
• Local Tissue Damage
• Hematologic Effects
• Cytogenetic Effects
• The Human Genome
• Chapter 34. Stochastic Effects of Radiation
• Local Tissue Effects
• Life Shortening
• Risk Estimates
• Radiation-Induced Malignancy
• Total Risk of Malignancy
• Radiation and Pregnancy
• PART VIII. RADIATION PROTECTION
• Introduction
• Chapter 35. Health Physics
• Radiation and Health
• Cardinal Principles of Radiation Protection
• Effective Dose
• Radiologic Terrorism
• Chapter 36. Designing for Radiation Protection
• Radiographic Protection Features
• Fluoroscopic Protection Features
• Design of Protective Barriers
• Radiation Detection and Measurement
• Chapter 37. Radiography/Fluoroscopy Patient Radiation Dose
• Patient Radiation Dose Descriptions
• Fluoroscopic Patient Radiation Dose
• Dose Area Product
• Effective Dose
• Chapter 38. Computed Tomography Patient Radiation Dose
• Computed Tomography Dose Delivery
• Computed Tomography Dose Index
• Dose Length Product
• Size-Specific Dose Estimates
• Effective Dose
• Chapter 39. Patient Radiation Dose Management
• Patient Radiation Dose in Special Examinations
• Reduction of Unnecessary Patient Radiation Dose
• Specific Area Shielding
• The Pregnant Patient
• Patient Radiation Dose Trends
• Chapter 40. Occupational Radiation Dose Management
• Occupational Radiation Exposure
• Radiation Dose Limits
• Reduction of Occupational Radiation Exposure
• Glossary
• Index
• Conversion Tables
• IFC